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The authors retrospectively reviewed the cytological slides of 44 histopathologically confirmed fibroepithelial lesions of the breast, of which 11 were fibroadenoma (FA), 19 benign phyllodes tumours (PTLGM), 8 borderline (PTBM) and 6 malignant (PTHGM). The 2 FA misdiagnosed as PTLGM in cytological smears were both of cellular type. NORS were quantified in a series of the above cases using the silver-colloid method. Expression of Ki-67 and PCNA were evaluated by immunohistochemistry on sections from the corresponding paraffin blocks. The results were compared with morphological parameters. In phyllodes tumours (PT), the AgNOR scores showed a tendency to increase with degrees of malignancy. There was significant correlation between AgNOR counts and proliferation rates as determined by Ki-67 and PCNA immunostaining. Ki-67 and PCNA expression correlated with mitotic count, stromal overgrowth, cellularity and atypia in PT. Determination of the AgNOR number per cell revealed an overlap between FA and PTLGM. The proliferating activity determined by immunohistochemistry with Ki-67 and PCNA antibodies did not reveal any significant difference between FA and PTLGM. In summary, Ki-67 and PCNA expression is suggested as a marker of stromal element proliferation. The results obtained confirm the diagnostic difficulties in distinguishing PTLGM from FA of the cellular type using fine needle aspiration cytology.
Monitoring the health of dairy herds is central to the assessment of animal health and welfare. The aim of this study was to analyse hematological and biochemical parameters in Holstein-Friesian dairy cows depending on the management system.Thirty cows from the foundation stock with an average annual yield of 6500-7000 l of milk were selected for the experiment. The cows were characterized by similar yields and were in a similar lactation period (second and third lactation). The cows were divided into three groups of 10 cows each: confined to a barn (control group C), housed in a barn with free access to an outdoor run (O) and maintained on a pasture (P). Blood samples to determine hematological and biochemical parameters were collected from animals on an empty stomach before the onset of the experiment and towards the end of the pasture period. The present study showed a positive effect of pasturing dairy cows on their hematological parameters. In the group of pasture-fed cows, there were also significant (P≤0.05) differences between the results before and at the end of the trial. There was a significant(P≤0.05) increase in total white blood cell count and in basophil and neutrophil percentages. There were also significant (P≤0.05) increases in the concentration of hemoglobin (by 8%) and hematocrit (by 7%). Biochemical analysis showed slightly higher urea concentrations in the group of pastured cows when compared to the other groups. The high content of nitrogen compounds in the pasture forage could have a certain effect on hepatic nitrogen metabolism, which could increase serum concentrations of AST and ALT enzymes in cows from group P.
Soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) var. Co-1 seeds were treated with physical mutagen namely such as gamma rays and chemical mutagen namely such as Ethyl Methane Sulphonate (EMS) and Diethyl Sulphate (DES). Various concentrations of gamma rays 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 KR, EMS (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 %) and DES (0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 and 0.6 %). The morphological parameters such as days to first flower, plant height, number of cluster per plant, number of pod per plan, seed yield per plant, number of branches per plant, number of leaves per plant, protein content and oil content increasing with increasing level of some doses gamma rays, Ethyl methane sulphonate and Diethyl sulphate treatment in M2 and M3 generation were carried out. A number of mutants were recorded in M2 and M3 generations for one or more traits viz., plant height, maturity, branching, pigmentation, fruit size and yield were isolated in M2 and M3 generation. Mean for various characters increased at mutagenic treatment than control. The yield parameters like plant height, number of cluster per plant, number of seeds per plant and seed yield per plant were recorded the moderated and high mean value in the 50 KR of gamma rays 0.5% of EMS and 0.4% of DES treated population with compared to control plants.
The field studies were carried out in 2002–2004 on brown soil of loess origin. In the experiment the following methods of plantation establishment were compared: direct sowing in the field (control); direct sowing in the field with cover of polypropylene sheet; by seedlings from plastic house; by seedlings produced in multicell propagation trays. There were two dates of leaf cutting: in August and before root harvest (October). Plants cultivated from seedlings were significantly higher and formed greater number of leaves as well as greater weight of above and under ground parts than in the cultivation from direct seeding, but the best results were obtained in the object with seedlings produced in multicell propagation trays. The use of polypropylene sheet positively affected the above ground parts of lovage, however caused significant decrease in root mass. Leaf cutting in the summer was connected with decrease in fresh root weight (by 40% in relation to plants with no leaf harvest) and essential oil content (from 0.85 to 0.52%). More active substances in lovage roots were accumulated in the plants obtained from direct seeding than from transplants.
Celem pracy było poznanie wpływu stosowania diety wegetariańskiej na wskaźniki morfologiczne krwi oraz poziom mocznika w osoczu. Badania przeprowadzono w grupie 41 osób, z czego 22 osoby stosowały różne odmiany diet wegetariańskich pozostała część żywiła się w sposób tradycyjny. W grupie wegetarian wykazano istotnie statystycznie niższą zawartość białych krwinek, liczbę oraz % neutrocytów oraz nieistotnie statystycznie niższe wartości krwinek czerwonych, hemoglobiny, hematokrytu oraz płytek krwi. Zaobserwowano również niższy poziom mocznika w osoczu krwi wegetarian. Uzyskane wyniki wskazują na niedobory białka w badanej grupie wegetarian.
The effect of beef from different fattening systems and of meat of marine fi shes, as being employed and the sole protein and fat source in rats' diets on the selected parameters of their growth and health state was examined. The rats of the experimental groups received meat-free diet (group I - control); groups II-IV - diets with 20% of meat: in group II - meat of marine fishes, in group III - beef coming from the animals extensively fed the pasture forage and in group IV - beef from the animals intensively fed the maize silage and concentrates. The body gains of the rats and feed utilization conversion per body weight gain were studied. In blood, the selected morphological and biochemical parameters were determined. The weight of the collected (after killing) internal organs: liver, heart, kidneys and spleen and their percentage participation in body weight were determined. In case of the rats fed the beef-containing diet (groups II, IV), significantly higher body weight gains and lower consumption of diet for 1 g of the gain was recorded as compared to the groups fed the meat-free diet and diet with the participation of fi sh. In the blood of the rats, receiving beef in their diet, significantly higher level of erythrocytes was found, as well. The remaining examined parameters in all groups were found on a similar level.
The present investigation was made to study the effect of different concentrations of sodium chloride on the growth and mineral constituents in different parts of Clerodendron inerme. The plant and could survive a wide range of 100-1000 mM of NaCl. The upper limit for the survival of Clerodendron inerme was 500 mM NaCl. However, favourable growth response by seedlings was confined to 200 mM NaCl. The morphological parameters such as shoot and length, number of leaves, total leaf area, fresh and dry mass and mineral constituents such as sodium, potassium and calcium were assessed.
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