Wyniki wyszukiwania - AGRO

1

New RAPD markers of tomato spotted wilt virus [TSWV] resistance in Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.

100%

Smiech M., Rusinowski Z., Malepszy S., Niemirowicz-Szczytt K.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2000

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tom 22

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nr 3

2

The impact of molecular markers on the wheat breeding paradigm

100%

Koebner R., Summers R.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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2002

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tom 07

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nr 2B

We brieﬂy review the limited application of marker assisted selection in past wheat breeding programmes, and contrast the current situation, where increasingly it has become feasible to tag almost any gene with a microsatellite assay. Although this capability is having an impact on the conduct of large breeding programmes, a much more profound change in breeding strategy will become possible when SNP technology has matured sufficiently so that the throughput of molecular marker-based genotyping will be able to keep pace with the numbers of plants that breeders can handle in the field. We discuss the considerations that will need to be addressed in the generation of a new breeding paradigm to take advantage of the genomics revolution.

3

The use of molecular markers in apple breeding for disease resistance

88%

Stankiewicz M., Pitera E., Gawronski S. W.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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2002

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tom 07

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nr 2A

Molecular markers have become a useful tool simplifying and speeding up breeding work. They are also helpful in the genetic analysis of complex agronomic traits. The investigations concern the use of already available SCAR markers for molecular analysis of breeding materials. The markers are the apple powdery mildew resistance gene Pl2, originating from Malus zumi, and the apple scab resistance gene Vf, from M. ﬂoribunda 821. The clone U 211 was found to be highly resistant to mildew under field conditions and transmitted a high level of resistance to the majority of its progeny. The presence of the Vf gene conferring resistance to scab was confirmed by molecular analysis. As the molecular markers for the Pl2 gene are not present in the DNA of U 211, it is probable that the clone U 211 is a new source of mildew resistance.

4

Genetic relationships between some of Malva species as determined with ISSR and ISJ markers

88%

Celka Z., Szczecinska M., Sawicki J.

Biodiversity: Research and Conservation

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2010

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tom 19

5

The differentiation of slow and fast types of acetylation in Parkinson's disease - a study using molecular markers

88%

Klodowska-Duda G., Opala G., Samelska J., Ochudlo S., Mazurek U., Wilczok T.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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2002

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tom 07

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nr Suppl.

6

A caps marker set for mapping in linkage group III of pea [Pisum sativum L.]

88%

Konovalov F., Toshchakova E., Gostimsky S.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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2005

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tom 10

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nr 1

7

Genetic diversity in the raccoon dog [Nyctereutes procyonoides Gray, 1834] an analysis based on molecular markers

88%

Slaska B., Jezewska G.

Folia Universitatis Agriculturae Stetinensis. Agricultura, Alimentaria, Piscaria et Zootechnica

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2007

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tom 03

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nr 3

8

Screening for molecular markers of aluminum tolerance in rye

88%

Rafalski A., Wisniewska I., Aniol A.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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1996

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tom 37A

9

Detection of circulating breast cancer cells in peripheral blood by a two-marker reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay

88%

Fabisiewicz A., Kulik J., Kober P., Brewczynska E., Pienkowski T., Siedlecki J. A.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2004

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tom 51

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nr 3

The aim of this study was to use a two-marker assay for the detection of breast cancer cells circulating in patients' blood. We have applied a PCR-based methodology to follow up the possibility of the development of metastatic disease in stage I and II patients who had undergone curative surgery. Since the number of circulating cancer cells in peripheral blood is very low, the technique for their detection needs to be not only highly sensitive, but also very specific. The reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique may improve the sensitivity of breast cancer cell detection up to only a few cells per one million. The principle of the RT-PCR assay is to amplify a messenger RNA characteristic for breast epithelial cells in a blood sample. Since we do not expect such cells to be circulating in peripheral blood of healthy subjects, detection of the characteristic mRNA should indicate the presence of circulating breast cancer cells. We analyzed the usefulness of three mRNA markers: cytokeratin 19 (CK19), mammaglobin (hMAM) and S subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin (S-hCG) for this test. Blood samples (112) were obtained from 55 patients, in stages I and II, with or without metastasis to regional lymph nodes (N0 or N1). We found that a two-marker assay increases the sensitivity of detection of breast cancer cells in comparison with a single-marker one. Combination of two tumor-specific mRNA markers, hMAM/CK19 or S-hCG/CK19, allowed the detection of circulating breast cancer cells in 65% of N1 patients and 38% of N0 patients. By comparison, the combination hMAM/-hCG allowed the detection of circulating breast cancer cells in the blood of 68% of N1 patients and 46% of N0 patients. Addition of the third marker did not significantly increase the detection sensitivity.

10

Molecular markers in breeding for virus resistance in barley

88%

Ordon F., Friedt W., Scheurer K., Pellio B., Werner K., Neuhaus G., Huth W., Habekuss A., Graner A.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2004

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tom 45

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nr 2

11

Biotechnology of temperate fruit trees and grapevines

88%

Laimer M., Mendonca D., Maghuly F., Marzban G., Leopold S., Khan M., Balla I., Katinger H.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

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2005

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tom 52

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nr 3

Challenges concerning fruit trees and grapevines as long lived woody perennial crops require adapted biotechnological approaches, if solutions are to be found within a reasonable time frame. These challenges are represented by the need for correct identification of genetic resources, with the foreseen use either in conservation or in breeding programmes. Molecular markers provide most accurate information and will be the major solution for questions about plant breeders rights. Providing healthy planting material and rapid detection of newly introduced pathogens by reliable methods involving serological and molecular biological tools will be a future challenge of increases importance, given the fact that plant material travels freely in the entire European Union. But also new breeding goals and transgenic solutions are part of the biotechnological benefits, e.g. resistance against biotic and abiotic stress factors, modified growth habits, modified nutritional properties and altered processing and storage qualities. The successful characterization of transgenic grapevines and stone fruit trees carrying genes of viral origin in different vectors constructed under ecological consideration, will be presented. Beyond technical feasibility, efficiency of resistance, environmental safety and Intellectual Property Rights, also public acceptance needs consideration and has been addressed in a specific project. The molecular determination of internal quality parameters of food can also be addressed by the use of biotechnological tools. Patient independent detection tools for apple allergens have been developed and should allow to compare fruits from different production systems, sites, and genotypes for their content of health threatening compounds.

12

Use of molecular markers in cereal breeding

88%

Korzun V.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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2002

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tom 07

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nr 2B

Great advances have been made in recent years in marker detection systems and in the techniques used to identify markers linked to useful traits. While RFLP markers have been the basis for most work in crop plants, useful markers have been generated using RAPD and AFLP methods. More recently, microsatellite or simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers have been developed for major crop plants and this marker system is predicted to lead to even more rapid advances in both marker development and implementation in breeding programs. Identification of markers linked to useful traits has been based on complete linkage maps and bulked segregant analysis. However, alternative methods, such as the construction of partial maps and combination of pedigree and marker information, have also proved useful in identifying marker/trait associations. The value of markers in analysing the inheritance of traits in crop plants and understanding genome structure and organization is now well established. The different properties of markers systems and their applications in genome analysis and molecular breeding of cereals species are discussed.

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Dependence of aerobic performance of athletes on polymorphism of genes

75%

Drozdovska S. B., Lysenko O. M., Dosenko V. E., IIyin V. N.

Central European Journal of Sport Sciences and Medicine

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2015

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tom 09

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nr 1

The adaptation of an athlete to systematic physical exercise has been shown to be determined by a combination of great many genes. The aim of our study was to investigate the dependence of the aerobic capacity parameters in sport on the set of gene polymorphisms. Cardio-respiratory system (CRS) adaptation reactions to exercise of 72 endurance athletes were assessed using the gas analysis. The analysis of the obtained results has shown both single and combined effect of the gene polymorphisms on the aerobic capacity. The impact of 6 polymorphisms on the aerobic performance level was analyzed: Т–786→С polymorphism of the promoter of еNOS gene as well as АСЕ I/D polymorphism, Рго/Ala polymorphism of PPARG gene, G/C polymorphism of PPARA gene, Pro582Ser polymorphism of HIF1α gene, and Ala203Pro polymorphism of PPARGC1B. It was found that a single impact on the HRmax providing АСЕ I/D polymorphism. Individual influence of АСЕ gene accounts for 2% of this index dissipation. Results showed that there is a dependence between the amount the maximum volume of consumed oxygen (VO2max) from the set of gene polymorphisms. Cumulative impact of these polymorphisms in the combination with the individual parameters (gender; qualification; kind of sport) stipulates 71% of dispersion of VO2max value.

14

Studies on changes in specific rye genome regions due to seed aging and regeneration

75%

Chwedorzewska K. J., Bednarek P. T., Puchalski J.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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2002

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tom 07

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nr 2A

The aim of this study was to identify the genetic changes in rye seeds induced by natural aging during long-term storage and successive regeneration cycles under gene bank conditions. Genomic DNA from four rye samples (cv. Dańkowskie Złote), varying in their initial viability and having gone through one or three reproduction cycles, were analysed using specific PCR targeting of a secalin locus, and various repetitive fragments defined by the R173 sequence. A statistical analysis of the band frequencies for both secalin and R173.3 primer pairs revealed no changes in their frequencies. Similar data on R173.1 demonstrated significant changes between samples of different initial viability showing a lack of a band of the expected length (987 bp) in progeny originating from low viability seeds lots. These changes were inherited even after three regeneration cycles. Our results may indicate that long-term storage that leads to loss of viability also generates heritable changes in the preserved germplasm. However, it remains to be discovered where these changes occur and whether they are connected with coding or with non-coding DNA regions.

15

Arabinogalactan proteins as molecular markers for generative cell differentiation and development in Arabidopsis thaliana

75%

Coimbra S., Almeida J., Monteiro L., Pereira L. G., Sottomayor P. M.

Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica. Supplement

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2005

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tom 47

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nr 1

16

Identical microspore-derived plants – problem or benefit?

75%

Oleszczuk S., Tyrka M., Zimny J.

BioTechnologia. Journal of Biotechnology Computational Biology and Bionanotechnology

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2015

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tom 96

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nr 1

17

A search for 4 specific markers linked to Pm3 alleles for resistance to powdery mildew (Blumeria graminis) in rye (Secale cereale)

75%

Jurkowski A., Bujak H.

Biological Letters

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2019

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tom 54

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nr 1

18

The application of molecular markers in the process of selection

75%

Masojc P.

Cellular and Molecular Biology Letters

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2002

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tom 07

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nr 2A

Molecular markers are modern diagnostic tools, which may help breeders to solve practical problems. They facilitate cultivar Identification, the determination of genetic similarities among breeding stocks and enable the calculation of polymorphism level, heterozygosity or self-pollination rate. But the main expectation with respect to molecular markers is their potential use in marker-assisted selection (MAS). There are four major strategies of finding a molecular marker tightly linked to a target gene of agronomie importance. The first approach takes advantage of the nearly isogenic lines (NILs) which are differentiated only by the allelic sets in the gene of interest and in the adjacent chromosomal region. The second strategy involves bulked segregant analysis (BSA) for identification of markers linked to a single gene. The third involves the genetic dissection of more complex traits, which leads to the identification of quantitative trait loci (QTL) and their markers. The fourth strategy of marker identification includes computer databases (sequence and mapping data). The usefulness of these strategies is discussed in this paper. Some consequences of the application of BSA for gene tagging are described.

19

Molecular cytogenetic evaluation of chromosome instability in Triticum aestivum-Secale cereale disomic addition lines

75%

Szakacs E., Molnar-Lang M.

Journal of Applied Genetics

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2010

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tom 51

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nr 2

149-152

The genetic stability of wheat/rye ('Chinese Spring/Imperial') disomic addition lines was checked using the Feulgen method and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). Feulgen staining detected varying proportions of disomic, monosomic, and telosomic plants among the progenies of the disomic addition lines. The greatest stability was observed for the 7R addition line, while the most unstable lines were those with 2R and 4R additions. Chromosome rearrangements were also detected using FISH. Based on the specific hybridization patterns of repetitive DNA probes pSc119.2 and (AAC)₅, as well as ribosomal DNA probes (5S and 45S), isochromosomes were identified in the progenies of 1R and 4R addition lines. The results draw attention to the importance of continuous cytological checks on basic genetic materials by using FISH, because this method reveals chromosome rearrangements that could not be detected either with the conventional Feulgen staining technique or with molecular markers.

20

Genetic variability of Pinus sylvestris populations from IUFRO 1982 provenance trial

75%

Androsiuk P., Urbaniak L.

Dendrobiology

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2014

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tom 71

Provenance trials were designed to analyse the quantitative responses of tree species to environmental variables found in different experiment location. However, we have still limited knowledge how natural and artificial selection affects genetic variation of the species populations gather in such experimental sites. We have used bulked DNA-based RAPD and ISJ analysis to investigate genetic diversity and differentiation of Scots pine populations from two Polish locations of IUFRO 1982 provenance trial placed in Kórnik and in Supraśl. Applied categories of DNA markers differed in terms of revealing genetic diversity of the species. Ten RAPD primers applied in the study yielded a total of 75 bands, of which 21 (28%) and 15 (20%) were polymorphic in Kórnik and in Supraśl, respectively. Six ISJ primers revealed 42 bands of which 4 (9.52%) and 14 (33.3%) were polymorphic in Kórnik and in Supraśl, respectively. The genetic diversity and differentiation was low, as expressed by He=0.071 and He=0.085, and by genetic distance values which ranged from 0.0 to 0.240 (on average 0.081) and from 0.017 to 0.188 (on average 0.094) for Kórnik and Supraśl, respectively. Location of provenance trial appeared to have a significant influence on revealed level of genetic polymorphism and pattern of interpopulation differentiation. However, genetic structure found for analysed Scots pine provenances from IUFRO 1982 in Kórnik was also confirmed for Supraśl experimental site. In the light of available data we also discussed the influence of historical migration routes and gene flow on observed genetic variation of the species.

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