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  1. 8 Herba Polonica

  2. 3 Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura

  3. 3 Rośliny Oleiste - Oilseed Crops

  4. 2 Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus

  5. 2 Towaroznawcze Problemy Jakości. Polskie Towarzystwo Towaroznawcze

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  1. 9 Andrzejewska J.

  2. 6 Sadowska K.

  3. 4 Skinder Z.

  4. 3 Lipkowski A. W.

  5. 3 Szczucinska A.

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  1. 1 2020

  2. 1 2019

  3. 3 2018

  4. 1 2017

  5. 1 2015

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1
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Evaluation of milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.) seed germination in relation to seed health and seedling emergence

100%
Rosinska A., Dorna H., Szopinska D., Irzykowska L., Seidler-Lozykowska K.
Herba Polonica
|
2018
|
tom 64
|
nr 3
Milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.) is an important medicinal plant. Achenes of milk thistle contain sylimarin, protecting liver cells against toxic compounds. The aim of the research was to find an optimum method of evaluation of milk thistle seed germination. Ten seed samples were tested. The seeds were germinated: on top of blotter paper, on top of blotter paper after seed disinfection, between pleated blotter paper, in rolled blotter paper and in sand. Germination at the first and final counts, the percentages of abnormal seedlings and dead seeds were determined. The correlation coefficients between seed germination, evaluated with various methods, and seedling emergence were calculated. Moreover, fungi associated with seeds and diseased seedlings were identified. The lowest percentage of normal seedlings was observed after germination on the top of blotter. Highly significant positive correlations were noted between seedling emergence and seed germination at the final count evaluated in rolled paper, between pleated paper and in sand. The fungi from genera:Alternaria, Fusarium, Penicillium, Trichoderma, Ulocladium and Verticillium were frequently identified on seeds and seedlings. Infestation with fungi significantly affected milk thistle seed germination and plant emergence. Germination in rolled blotter paper may be recommended for evaluation of milk thistle seed germination, as the most practical and significantly correlated with seedling emergence.
2
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Herbicides in cultivation of milk thistle

100%
Sadowska K., Andrzejewska J.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura
|
2019
|
tom 18
|
nr 2
3

Effect of the date and harvest method on the yield and quality of milk thistle [Silybum marianum L. Gaertn.] cultivated on light soil

84%
Sadowska K., Andrzejewska J.
Herba Polonica
|
2009
|
tom 55
|
nr 3
47-54
Over 2004–2006 at the Agricultural Experiment Station at Mochełek (University of Technology and Life Sciences in Bydgoszcz), there was evaluated the effect of harvest methods and dates on the yield and quality of fruit (achene) of milk thistle cultivated on light soil. A two-stage harvest was applied when 30% of inflorescences had pappus and one-stage harvest when 30 or 50% of inflorescences developed the pappus. The highest fruit yield (1.43 t. ha-1) was recorded from the one-stage harvest when 30% of the flower heads were ripe. A delay in the one-stage harvest resulted in an increase in the content of silymarin (from 2.5 to 2.7%) but in a decrease in the fruit yield to 1.17 t. ha-1 that was comparable with the two-stage harvest (1.09 t. ha-1). At an earlier ripeness stage (30% of inflorescences with pappus) the content of silymarin was negatively correlated with the share of the pericarp in the achene weight as well as with the achene yield. The harvest dates and methods resulted in differences in the silymarin yield from 27.3 (two-stage harvest) to 35.6 kg. ha-1 (earlier one-stage harvest).
4

Assessing the extent of damage caused by Cleonus piger Scop. and other entomofauna in the cultivation of milk thistle [Silybum marianum [L.] Gaertn.]

84%
Andrzejewska J., Lamparski R., Skinder Z.
Journal of Plant Protection Research
|
2006
|
tom 46
|
nr 1
49-59
The research on impact of Cleonus piger Scop. (Coleoptera; Curculionidae) feeding and the occurrence of other pest insects on milk thistle plants grown in monoculture and crop rotation after cereals, with two different seeding dates was carried out in the years 2003–2005. The infestation and density of C. piger larvae in roots of plants grown in monoculture increased with subsequent developmental phases and subsequent years of the experiment. Feeding resulted in the decrease in crop yield by 40% compared to the crop rotation treatment. In crop rotation stands, the infestation of milk thistle roots by C. piger larvae was 4–5 times lower at the final phase than in monoculture. Postponing seeding by three weeks led to the decrease of infestation and density of C. piger larvae, but the crop yield was lower than that from the earlyseeded stands. No other phytophagous species of economic importance were found.
5
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Utylizacja odpadu nasion ostropestu plamistego II. Biologicznie czynne peptydy z odpadu nasion ostropestu plamistego

84%
Baranowska B., Kurzepa K., Marczak E., Szczucinska A., Lipkowski A. W.
Rośliny Oleiste - Oilseed Crops
|
2003
|
tom 24
|
nr 2
725-732
6
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Improvement of silymarin content in cell cultures of Silybum marianum by copper sulphate elicitor

84%
Elsharnouby M. E., Hassan F. A. S.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
|
2018
|
tom 17
|
nr 2
Silybum marianum L. (Milk thistle) extracts are the main source of silymarin that is a mixture of various flavonolignan (silybin (silibinin), silydianin and silychristin). Silymarin of milk thistle has a hepatoprotective activity for liver cirrhosis and chronic inflammatory. Silybum marianum regeneration from hypocotyl explants and evaluation of their callogenesis, growth and total flavolignan (silymarin) upon copper sulphate (as abiotic elicitor) elicitation was targeted. Copper sulphate (CuSO4) was applied in concentrations of 0, 3, 5, 7 and 9 µM to elicit the silymarin production in cultures. The elicitation periods used in this study were 2, 4, 7, 14 and 28 days. Half-strength MS medium recorded better results relative to full-strength MS one and seed incubation in the darkness at room temperature resulted in rapid germination and reached to the gar lid after 10 days. Callus fresh and dry weights as well as growth index were gradually increased with increasing the copper sulphate concentration till 5 µM while decreased thereafter at any elicitation period. With the increase of the elicitation period, the increase of the previous parameters was observed. Flavonolignan (silymarin) was positively correlated with CuSO4 levels since all levels of copper sulphate significantly enhanced its content in relative to the control. Additionally, more silymarin was accumulated after 4 or 7 days and the accumulation significantly decreased when the elicitation period reached 14 days more. The highest silymarin (flavolignan) content (11.79 and 11.67 mg g–1 DW) was obtained when 5 or 7 µM copper sulphate levels were combined with 4 days elicitation period, being about five-fold of the control.
7
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Ostropest plamisty - uwagi o nazewnictwie, substancjach czynnych i rozwoju rośliny

84%
Andrzejewska J., Skinder Z.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura
|
2006
|
tom 05
|
nr 1
5-10
W opracowaniach na temat ostropestu plamistego występuje szereg nieścisłości, które przede wszystkim dotyczą łacińskiej nazwy rośliny, składników sylimaryny, mylenia owoców z nasionami oraz używania określenia „bielmo”. W oparciu o naukową literaturę przedmiotu wskazano, że poprawną nazwą gatunkową jest Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn., plonem ostropestu są owoce, a nasiona są bezbielmowe. Sylimaryna (kompleks flawonolignanów – sylibina, sylikrystyna i silidianina) skumulowana jest w owocni i łupinie nasiennej. W zależności od warunków wegetacji ostropest osiąga wysokość od około 0,7 do 1,7 m, a okres wegetacji na plantacjach surowcowych trwa 80-110 dni.
8

Utilisation of the seeds of milk thistle [Silybum marianum [L.], Gaertn.] in the nutrition of honey bee

84%
Langowska A., Szymas B., Przybyl A.
Journal of Apicultural Science
|
2002
|
tom 46
|
nr 2
9

Endosperm of milk thistle [Silybum marianum L.] in fattening pig nutrition

84%
Frankiewicz A., Potkanski A., Urbaniak M., Mroczyk W., Kasprowicz M.
Annals of Animal Science
|
2003
|
tom 03
|
nr 1
10

Research on the intense fertilisation of the blessed milk thistle [Silybum marianum]

84%
Nowak K., Kozera W.
Herba Polonica
|
2007
|
tom 53
|
nr 2
11
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Crossing method for the further genetic improvement of Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn

67%
Martinelli T.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Hortorum Cultus
|
2018
|
tom 17
|
nr 3
Silybum marianum (milk thistle) is among the top selling herbal products in the U.S., in Italy and in other countries. Despite its economic importance as an officinal and medicinal species, only few improved genotypes exist and the species is still marked by traits that are typical of non-domesticated plants. Based on this evidence, further genetic improvement is required for the complete exploitation of milk thistle as a crop species. The first step in order to allow further breeding programmes of the species is the setup of a reliable crossing protocol. The present paper, after a brief review of S. marianum flower anatomy, describes a crossing method for this plant. The correct phenological stage for emasculation is BBCH growth stage 54. If manual pollination is repeated two days after emasculation, a significant increase of F1 fruits can be obtained. By utilizing the proposed protocol, an average 70–90 florets per flower head are emasculated and percentage of success (F1 fruits harvested) usually ranges between 27 and 70%. The proposed crossing protocol will constitute an important tool in order to allow the further genetic improvement of this species.
12
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Utylizacja odpadu nasion ostropestu plamistego. I. Olej z ostropestu plamistego jako antyutleniacz

67%
Szczucinska A., Lipkowski A. W., Baranowska B., Walisiewicz-Niedbalska W., Rozycki K., Maciuszczak-Kotlarek H.
Rośliny Oleiste - Oilseed Crops
|
2003
|
tom 24
|
nr 2
717-724
13
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Zalozenia technologiczne otrzymywania preparatow z bielma ostropestu plamistego do stosowania jako dodatki przeciwutleniajace

67%
Szczucinska A., Kurzepa K., Kleczkowska P., Lipkowski A. W.
Rośliny Oleiste - Oilseed Crops
|
2006
|
tom 27
|
nr 2
357-366
14
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
Content available

Effect of cultivation conditions on the variability and interrelation of yield and raw material quality in milk thistle (Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.)

67%
Andrzejewska J., Sadowska K.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Agricultura
|
2008
|
tom 07
|
nr 3
The aim of the research was to identify characters which determine the yield and the content of silymarin in the fruits (achenes) of Silybum marianum as well as to show the range of their variation. The research was performed based on field experiments conducted at the Mochełek Research Station (53°13’ N; 17°51’ E) over 2003-2005. Fruit yield and the content of silymarin were affected mainly by weather conditions, the forecrop and the sowing time. The coefficient of variance for fruit yields was 37.3%, and the content of silymarin – 12.7%. Plant height prior to harvest, number of fruits per anthodium on lateral and main shoots, thousand fruit weight, number of anthodiums with pappus and number of all the anthodiums per plant were significantly correlated with fruit yield. The content of silymarin was positively correlated with the number of plants per m² prior to harvest, plant height prior to harvest and fruit yield, and negatively correlated with the content of total N in the reserve material of fruits. The content of flavonolignans which make up the silymarin appeared relatively constant and only silydianin changes slightly more than the content of silychristin and isosilybin.
15

Herbs used in pharmacy and their potential on the cosmetic market

67%
Kamczycka B., Malinowska P.
Towaroznawcze Problemy Jakości. Polskie Towarzystwo Towaroznawcze
|
2015
|
nr 1
16

Ekonomiczne efekty uprawy ostropestu plamistego (Silybum marianum (L.) GAERTN.) na glebie lekkiej

67%
Sadowska K., Andrzejewska J.
Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych
|
2010
|
tom 549
Na podstawie wyników plonowania w doświadczeniu polowym, przeprowadzonym w latach 2004-2006 w Stacji Badawczej Mochełek, należącej do Uniwersytetu Technologiczno-Przyrodniczego w Bydgoszczy, wykonano analizę kosztów bezpośrednich i kalkulację uprawy ostropestu plamistego w porównaniu do jęczmienia jarego przeznaczonego na paszę. Ostropest uprawiano na glebie lekkiej, a czynnikami różnicującymi koszty były ilość wysiewu oraz sposoby i terminy zbioru. Dla obu porównywanych gatunków podstawową pozycję kosztów bezpośrednich stanowiły nawozy mineralne. Uzyskano dwukrotnie lub trzykrotnie większą nadwyżkę bezpośrednią z uprawy ostropestu niż z jęczmienia, nawet po uwzględnieniu znaczącego wzrostu cen środków produkcji jaki nastąpił po 2006 roku. Najwyższe plony niełupek ostropestu (1,43 t·ha-1) i najlepsze efekty ekonomiczne osiągnięto przy zastosowaniu zbioru jednoetapowego w fazie, gdy 30% koszyczków było dojrzałych. Opóźnienie zbioru do fazy, gdy 50% koszyczków uzyskało dojrzałość prowadziło do spadku plonu o 0,26 t·ha-1, a tym samym zmniejszenia w różnych latach nadwyżki bezpośredniej o 689 zł lub 911 zł. Najniższe plony (1,09 t·ha-1) zebrano przy stosowaniu zbioru dwuetapowego, ale mimo to nadwyżka bezpośrednia była ponad dwukrotnie większa niż z produkcji jęczmienia jarego. Zwiększenie ilości wysiewu ostropestu z 12 do 24 kg·ha-1 nie było produkcyjnie ani ekonomicznie uzasadnione.
17

Antioxidant activity of extracts from plant seeds used in cosmetic products

67%
Malinowska P.
Towaroznawcze Problemy Jakości. Polskie Towarzystwo Towaroznawcze
|
2017
|
nr 1
18

Zwalczanie chwastow w uprawie ostropestu plamistego [Silybum marianum Gaertn.] odmiany Silma przy uzyciu preparatu Stomp 330 EC

67%
Zalecki R., Kordana S., Kucharski W. A., Mordalski R., Gnusowski B.
Progress in Plant Protection
|
1996
|
tom 36
|
nr 2
326-328
19

The evaluation of the milk thistle [Silybum marianum L. Gaernt.] fruit quality depending on the pericarp colour

67%
Dyduch J., Najda A.
Herba Polonica
|
2007
|
tom 53
|
nr 3
The fruit of the milk thistle, classified to three groups with regard to their seed pericarp colour: beige, light brown and dark brown, underwent a laboratory experiment. The rela­tionship between the pericarp colour and thousand fruit mass as well as their sprout abili­ty was indicated. The parameters of sprouting represented by the Pieper's and Maguier's coefficients dynamics were also determined. The fruit were also evaluated for their useful­ness in pharmacy by determination of flavonolignans content using the calculation into silibin. On the basis of the experiment it was proved that the fruit with dark brown peri­carp contain more flavonolignans in comparison to beige and light brown fruit.
20

Yield and quality of raw material of milk thistle [Silybum marianum [L.] Gaertn.] grown in monoculture and in crop rotation. Part I. Reaction of milk thistle to the sowing date

67%
Andrzejewska J., Skinder Z.
Herba Polonica
|
2006
|
tom 52
|
nr 4
Yields of milk thistle grown in a monoculture were about 40% lower than the yields ob­tained in crop rotation. The yield decrease was mainly due to a damage of roots caused by Cleonus piger larvae. Two sowing dates were applied: April 1 and 22. In crop rotation higher fruit yields were obtained applying the early-sowing date and in monoculture the reaction changed across years. The delay in the sowing date resulted in an increase in the content of Silymarin in fruits from 0.3% to 0.5%. The content of Silymarin was mostly cor­related with the sum of mean daily air temperatures from the beginning of inflorescence stalk formation to plant harvest.
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