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Laboratory experiments were carried out in the laboratory of Raw Materials for Food Agronomic and Livestock Research of Agronomy Faculty of the Lithuanian University of Agriculture in 2009. The investigation focused on Solanum tuberosum L. cv. ‘Goda’ and Solanum tuberosum L. cv. ‘Solara’. The aim of this paper was to identify the effect of high/low temperatures on the potato tuber sprout initiation at the apical dominance stage. Potato tubers were exposed to different temperatures (-10°C, +5°C, +30°C, +40°C, +50°C) and time (30, 60 and 90 min) regimes. Control potato tubers were stored in light, + 18°C and photoperiod of 12 h. Before the test, the tubers were numbered, fixed eyes number on the upper, middle and lower parts of the tubers. After obtaining these conditions it was assessed that germinated eyes were numbered on the upper, middle and lower parts of the tubers. The dynamics of tuber sprout was determined with an interval of 7-14-21 days after high / low temperatures effect, and all seed tubers were analyzed. The present study confirmed that high (+40, +50°C)/low (-10°C) temperatures broke the apical sprout and increasing of the quantity of sprouting eyes.
Germination of flax seeds (Linum usitatissimum L., cv. Szafir) at 5oC was enhanced by continuous white light, gibberellin A3 (GA3), kinetin and benzylaminopurine. GA3 and kinetin at physiological concentrations (10-8-10-6 M) improved significantly germination in darkness. Stimulatory effect of benzylaminopurine was visible only in the light. Almost no effect of zeatin and isopentenyladenine (2iP) on germination was observed. Possible causes of this differences were suggested.
Like many plants, Arabidopsis thaliana increases in freezing tolerance in response to low non-freezing temperatures, a phenomenon known as cold acclimation. Associated with cold acclimation are a number of biochemical changes including the expression of COR (cold-regulated) genes. Here we summarize recent progress we have made in understanding the function and regulation of these genes. One significant finding regarding COR gene function is that constitutive expression of COR15a in transgenic Arabidopsis plants enhances the freezing tolerance of both chloroplasts and protoplasts. These results provide the first direct evidence for a COR gene having a role in freezing tolerance. The precise mechanism of COR15a action is not yet know, but current results indicate the gene has a role in stabilizing membranes against freeze-induced damage. In regards to COR gene regulation, we have isolated a cDNA for CBF1, the first identified transcriptional activator that binds to the CRT (C-repeat)/DRE (drought responsive element), a cold- and drought-responsive DNA regulatory element present in the promoters of COR genes. Our working hypothesis is that CBF1 binds to the CRT/DRE sequence and participates in the regulation of COR genes in response to low temperature and drought.
The aim of this work was to determine the influence of feeding sheep with frozen fodder on the profile of rumen fermentation and its reflection in blood acid-base equilibrium.
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