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Variation of leaf area index and leaf water potential of young dwarf apple trees under different irrigation methods

100%

Senyigir U., Dagdelen N., Askin M. A., Kadayifci A., Ucar Y.

Infrastruktura i Ekologia Terenów Wiejskich

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2013

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nr 1/III

In this research which was carried out inSuleymanDemirel University Research and Application Farm during 2007 and 2008 years, apple leaf area index (LAI) and leaf water potential (LWP) were observed in Jersey Mac (V1) and Williams Pride (V2) young apple varieties budded on M9 rootstock irrigated with different irrigation methods. Drip (D), subsurface drip (SD), surface (S) and undertree micro sprinkler (M) irrigation methods were used in the research. The amount of applied irrigation water was as much as 100% of Class A Pan evaporation measured during five days irrigation intervals. The amount of irrigation water was ranged between 348.3 (D, SD) – 1186 (S, M) mm depending on irrigation methods during the experimental years. Furthermore, maximum and minimum crop evapotranspiration values were determined as 426.1 (DV2) and 1334.7 (MV2) mm respectively. LAI values related to treatments ranged from 0.32 to 0.52 in 2007, 0.73 to 1.12 in 2008. LAI values increased by approximately 126.3% for all treatments. In both years, generally, the highest LAI values were observed in drip irrigation (D) for both varieties. Linear correlation (r=0.99, n=16) was obtained between fruit yields and leaf area index (LAI) values of the apple trees. Leaf water potential (LWP) measurements were repeated one day before and after irrigation during the irrigation period. The measurements were also conducted once along a day in the middle of the season. Changes in value of LWP were similar among the treatments.

2

Influence of mycorrhiza on growth, leaf water potential, chlorophyll content and gas exchange in Populus ssp. cultivars

84%

Grzesiak M. T., Hura K., Wojciechowska B.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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2010

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tom 545

The influence of mycorrhiza with Hebeloma crustuliniforme on plant growth, leaf water potential, leaf gas exchange and chlorophyll content in 3 poplar varieties (P. petrowskyana, P. deltoides cv. Plantierens, P. balsamifera) were investigated. After 11 weeks of plant growth mycorrhizal structures (frequency of mycorrhiza - FF%, intensity of the mycorrhizal colonization - MC% were observed in plant roots belonging to the treatment (M). No statistically significant differences were observed in the frequency of mycorrhiza (F%) and intensity of the mycorrhizal colonization (MC%) in plant roots of the treatment M between the examined poplar cultivars. The frequency of mycorrhiza (FF%) was high, and it reached about 75%, while the intensity of the mycorrhizal colonization (MC%) by fungi hyphae was slightly lower and equaled to from 49 to 58%. For plants, exposed to the inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi, advantageous and statistically significant changes in the measured physiological traits were observed. In this research advantageous differences in reactions between inoculated and non-inoculated poplar cultivars were observed, which was shown in the measurements of some physiological traits. Compared to the control plants (C), in the case of plants of the treatment (M) greater increase in plant height (∆Н), increase in chlorophyll content (SPAD), higher values of water potential (Ψ), and increase - in photosynthesis rate (Pn), stomatal conductance (gs) and water use efficiency (WUE), and decrease in transpiration rate (E), were observed. Although those differences were relatively small, we may presume that if they occur through a longer period they may become more distinct e.g. as a greater increase in height in the inoculated plants.

3

Emision and excitation spectra of drought-stressed and non-stressed maize and triticale seedling leaves

84%

Grzesiak M., Rzepka A., Czyczylo-Mysza I., Hura T., Dziurka M.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

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2008

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tom 524

An influence of the soil drought on changes in leaf injury index (LI), leaf water potential (Ψ), chlorophyll content (Chl), chlorophyll a fluorescence (Fv/Fm) and a leaf fluorescence excitation spectrum in the main fluorescence bands (F450, F520, F690, F740) in maize and triticale was compared. In control treatments (C) among the examined species there occurred both differences and similarities in examined physiological traits. Also in the control plants differences between maize and triticale were observed in fluorescence measurements at wavelengths of 440 and 520 nm, however for wavelengths 690 and 740 nm the differences were insignificant. Drought stress (MD, SD) caused, in the case of triticale and maize genotypes, a significant decrease of leaf water potential, chlorophyll content and photochemical efficiency and increased leaf injury index. Those changes in, LI, Ψ, Chl and Fv/Fm values were higher in seedlings subjected to severe drought (SD) and harmful effect of drought in maize was higher than in triticale. Results of measurements of invisible leaf injury (LI) indicate the existence of a dependence of membranes injuries value from the length of the applied drought, leaf age and plant species. For both species injuries of older leaves were always higher comparing younger ones. Both for maize and triticale for each day of measurement in treatments MDR and SDR seedlings showed a tendency to slightly more efficient removal of harmful impact of drought on the leaf cell membranes injuries. Distinctly higher differences between triticale and maize were observed in the measurements of blue (F450) and green fluorescence (F520). Mean values of F450 and F520 in the case maize were of about 6 and 4 times respectively, higher than for triticale. However for red (F690) and far-red (F740) differences between triticale and maize there were no significance. Moderate and severe drought (MD, SD) caused the increase in emission and excitation of leaves in F450, F520 and F690 fluorescence range. After the recovery chlorophyll fluorescence in blue, green, red and far-red range mostly attained the obtained values of the control plants. Drought stress caused significant increase in F690/F740 ratio comparing to the control. After recovery changes in F450/520, F450/690 and F690/F740 ratio mostly did no attain the obtained values of control plants, however in most cases complete return to control plants was also observed.

4

Influence of climatic seasonality on leaf gas exchange and leaf water potential of two eucalyptus clones in the south of Bahia State, Brazil

67%

Pezzopane J. E. M., Tatagiba S. D., Penchel R. M., Reis E. F., Jesus Junior W. C.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2007

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tom 29

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nr 1 Suppl.

5

Changes in plant water status, biochemical attributes and seed quality of black gram and green gram genotypes under drought

67%

Baroowa B., Gogoi N.

International Letters of Natural Sciences

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2015

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tom 42

Drought is one of the major abiotic stresses which adversely affect crop growth and production worldwide as water is vital for every aspect of plant growth and development. The present experiment was carried out during the growing seasons (September – December) of 2012 and 2013 to evaluate the response of black gram (Vigna mungo L.) and green gram (Vigna radiata L.) in terms of some important growth indices, biochemical traits and seed quality under drought stress. Four commonly grown genotypes - T9, KU 301(black gram) and Pratap, SG 21-5 (green gram) of Assam, India were grown in a randomized block design with three replications under stress and non-stress conditions. Stress was applied by withholding irrigation for fifteen consecutive days at vegetative, flowering and pod filling stages. Leaf area index (LAI), seed protein content and protein yield significantly decreased (p ≤ 0.01) whereas proline, total flavonoids and anthocyanin content increased significantly (p ≤ 0.01) in response to water deficiency. Among the studied genotypes, T9 and Pratap showed better tolerance capacity towards the applied drought by presenting higher values of LAI, plant height stress tolerance index (PHSI), dry matter stress tolerance index (DMSI), proline, total flavonoids, anthocyanin, lower percentage of chlorophyll degradation and finally producing high quality seeds.

6

Water relations in different wheat [Triticum aestivum L.] genotypes under soil water deficits

67%

Ashraf M. Y., Azmi A. R., Khan A. H., Naqvi S. S. M.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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1994

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tom 16

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nr 3

7

Effectivity of soil conservation practices in vineyard soils from Catalonia Region, Spain

67%

Uson A., Espinosa E., Poch R. M.

International Agrophysics

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1998

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tom 12

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