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Biological activity of secondary plant substances: glucosinolates, alkaloids and saponins in relation to Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata was studied in detail. Larvae and adult insects were reared on potato leaves sprayed with tested compounds applied in three different concentrations. The insect behaviour, mortality and weight changes were observed. Among examined chemicals saponins proved to be the most active against Colorado potato beetle. They showed antifeedant properties and caused high larval mortality.
The influence of bean seed surface lipids on infestation of seeds by Acanthoscelides obtectus Say was investigated. The experiments were performed in dual-choice bioassays on three bean varieties: Blanka, Bor and Longina. The collected data for natural and solvent washed seeds concerned the number of ovipositions, embryo mortality, lack of seed-boring activity, dead larvae inside seeds and developed insects. The results clearly indicated that bean seed surface lipids are involved in all infestation stages, and could be used to distinguish resistant and non-resistant varieties of been. Chemical analyses revealed the following groups of surface lipids: wax esters, long chain primary alcohols, n-alkanes, sterols, fatty acids, squalene, aldehydes, monoacylglycerols, ketones and fatty acid esters. Quantitative composition of surface lipids was analysed using selected chemometric procedures to determine correlation with bioactivity. Cluster analysis of surface lipid composition enabled to distinguish resistant and non-resistant varieties. Fatty acids and monoacylglycerols were found to deter bean weevil infestation, while alkan-1-ols acted as attractants
Cereals can be infected with fungi in the field and produce mycotoxins – toxic metabolites for humans and animals. In storage under favourable conditions fungi also can grow and produce mycotoxins. The fungi of Fusarium species can produce mycotoxins: trichothecene, fumonisins i zearalenone. In stored grain infected with fungi outer parts of kernels are usually damaged. It can influence feeding and development of granary weevil (Sitophilus granarius L.). The studies were carried out in 2009. Seven different species of type of Fusarium: F. avenaceum, F. culmorum, F. equiseti, F. poae, F. oxysporum, F. sporotrichioides, F. triticum were tested.
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