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A fast two step method of agarose gel electrophoresis for separation of different conformational forms of DNA is described. In the first step the gel is run in the buffer without ethidium bromide and then the gel is stained with that dye. After staining the second step of electrophoresis is performed in the buffer without ethidium bromide. This two step procedure allows one to receive very good resolution between bands corresponding to relaxed, supercoiled, open circular, and linear forms of DNA.
Human cystatin C (HCC) shows a tendency to dimerize. This process is particularly easy in the case of the L68Q HCC mutant and might lead to formation of amyloid de­posits in brain arteries of young adults. Our purpose was to find ligands of monomeric HCC that can prevent its dimerization. Eleven antisense peptide ligands of monomeric HCC were designed and synthesized. The influence of these ligands on HCC dimerization was studied using gel electrophoresis and molecular modeling methods. The results suggest that all the designed peptides interact with monomeric HCC facilitating its dimerization rather than preventing it.
This study evaluated agronomic traits of 111 genotypes of black gram Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper, mainly from Pakistan, to determine the extent of genetic diversity. Seed proteins were analyzed by SDS-PAGE. High genetic variance was observed for days to flowering, days to maturity, number of branches/plant, number of pods/plant, biomass/plant, grain yield/plant and harvest index, whereas low genetic variance was observed for pod length, seeds/pod and 100-seed weight in both years studied. SDS-PAGE of seed proteins showed low inter-accession diversity and no clear differentiation on the basis of origin or source. The genotypes in one cluster with similar agronomic characters did not necessarily belong to the same origin or source. The lack of a geographic pattern of germplasm collected from Pakistan was probably due to exchange of germplasm between neighbouring regions, or because germplasm represented progenies of the same ancestors. Clustering of advanced breeding lines along with an approved variety in one group revealed that only a portion of the genetic diversity has been exploited for improvement of black gram. It is suggested that the genetic base of cultivated black gram should be broadened by involving diverse parents in the breeding programme. Expansion of the genetic base for black gram breeding might be accomplished by systematic use of germplasm that differs in protein profiles and has better quantitative traits.
This work presents some properties of Sunn-hemp mosaic tobamovirus (SHMV) orginally isolated from bean plants. Virus infected host range and induced symptoms that were typical for SHMV. Following plant species distinquished SHMV from tobacco mosaic tobamovirus (TMV): Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Lupinus albus and Lycopersicon esculentum. In immunoblotting the serum against SHMV did not react with TMV and Tomato mosaic tobamovirus (ToMV). The electrophoretical patterns of whole virions and capsid proteins were characteristic for SHMV and different from that of TMV and ToMV.
To saturate barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) genetic maps the linkage relationships of two isoenzyme loci Amp2 (aminopeptydase) and Aat2 (aspartate aminotransferase) with known genetic markers were investigated. Results of the genetic analysis support previous information on the localization of these loci on chromosome 1 and 6, respectively. The following recombination values were estimated: between locus Amp2 and T1-3b translocation break point 13.8 ± 2.1%, between locus Aat2 and translocation T6-7i, 17 ± 3.0% and between locus Aat2 and marker о 24.1 ± 3.0%.
Powdery mildew (Erysiphe pisi Syd.) significantly reduces the yield and quality of pea all over the world. Screening of a broad range of germplasm revealed three highly resistant genotypes (Fallon, PS99102238 and PS0010128); eleven (Shawnee, Lifter, Franklin, PS610152, PS810240, PS710048, PS610324, PS810191, CGN3273, CGN3272, and PS9910188) showed symptoms after inoculation but the infection was not severe and recovery was rapid. Powdery mildew caused 86% loss to the germplasm, and the severity of the disease was associated with various phases. The pathogen inhibits seed development in the pod. Severe natural infection is expected to eliminate susceptible germplasm, some of which may have valuable, unique characteristics. The screening data were used to explore the relationship between susceptible and resistant genotypes, and between genetic diversity and geographic patterns. Seed protein assays did not sort genotypes by geographic pattern or disease resistance. It is suggested to transfer genes conferring disease resistance and economic yield to one genotype.
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