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1

Investigation of heavy metals leaching from industrial wastewater sludge

100%

Swierk K., Bielicka A., Bojanowska I., Mackiewicz Z.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2007

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tom 16

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nr 3

447-451

Galvanic sewage sludge from electroplating plant was examined for leaching of heavy metals using various extracting solutions. The investigated parameters that influence heavy metals leaching were: contact time, type and concentration of leaching agents and form of sludge. The results of investigations show that the amounts of heavy metals (copper, nickel, chromium) released from industrial sludge using various leaching agents were from 0.07% to ~99% of their total contents. The form of sludge (air – dry or mineral residue) has a significant influence on quantities of metals leached.

2

Fractionation of iron and manganese in the horizons of a nutrient-poor forest soil profile using the sequential extraction method

86%

Walna B., Spychalski W., Ibragimow A.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

2010

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tom 19

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nr 5

Soil iron and manganese fractionation is evaluated in the soil profile sampled from a pine-covered area of Wielkopolski National Park (mid-western Poland), that for years has been exposed to acid rain. The soils studied are sands and loamy sands with a pH of 3.3-4.4. The content of iron and manganese was analyzed by sequential extraction in the following fractions: exchangeable, acid extractable, reducible, oxidizable, and residual. The soil profile displays a lithogenically dichotomous structure that is reflected in the iron and manganese content, especially in the Fe residual fraction and Mn oxidizable fraction. In terms of the lability of manganese, it can be stated that the amount of manganese in reducible fractions (Mnred) is higher than in exchangeable and acid extractable ones (except in the surface layer), while the amounts of manganese in fractions in which it is poorly available (Mnox) and unavailable (Mnres) are lower than that of Mnred. For iron, this sequence looks as follows: Feex

3

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Fractionation of buckwheat seed phenolics and analysis of their antioxidant activity

86%

Karamac M., Biskup I., Kulczyk A.

Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences

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2015

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tom 65

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nr 4

Five fractions of phenolic compounds were obtained from the extract of common buckwheat seed (Fagopyrum esculentum Moench) using Sephadex LH-20 column chromatography with methanol as a mobile phase. The total phenolics content ranged from 19.8±1.5 (fraction I) to 164±2.2 mg (+)-catechin eq/g (fraction IV). The profiles of phenolic acids and flavonoids in the fractions were analysed using RP-HPLC-DAD. The antioxidant activity was tested as ABTS^+ and DPPH scavenging activity and capability to reduce the Fe(III)/2,4,6-Tris(2-pyridyl)-s-triazine complex to the ferrous form. Results were expressed as Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC), IC50 and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) values, respectively. The highest antioxidant activity was noted for fraction IV that was predominated by flavones. TEAC, IC50 and FRAP values were: 1.47±0.01 mmol Trolox eq/g, 0.058±0.003 mg/assay and 2.18±0.05 mmol Fe(II)/g, respectively. Rutin constituted 77.7% of the compounds identified in fraction III. The antiradical activity and reducing capability of this fraction were lower compared to fraction IV, but significantly higher than in fractions I and II. The main phenolic compounds of fractions I and II were phenolic acids (caffeic, 5-O-caffeoylquinic and p-coumaric). The antioxidant activity of fraction V was similar to that of fraction III.

4

Speciation analysis of phosphorus in bottom sediments - comparison of two methods

86%

Siwek H.

Journal of Elementology

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2010

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tom 15

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nr 1

161-170

The purpose of this paper was to compare two methods of fractionation of reactive phosphorus forms (RP) in bottom sediments of polymictic water reservoirs located in rural areas. As a criterion for estimation, quantities RP extracted in analyzed fractions versus the general content of Al, Fe and Ca were used. The sediments were collected in springtime, from rural areas with different land use in the drainage basin (arable fields, uncultivated land, farmyards). The sediments were collected with a KC-Denmark core sampler for bottom sediments, which makes it possible to collect samples leaving the upper structure of 6 cm in thickness intact. After mineralization, each sample was analyzed for the general phosphorus content and a speciation analysis was performed by two methods. With the first method (M1), the RP bonded to Al (Al_RP), Fe (Fe_RP) and Ca (Ca_RP) was determined. The second method (M2) was applied to determine fractions of reactive phosphorus released from the sediments under reduced conditions, mainly from bonds with iron and manganese (BD_RP), adsorbed on aluminium oxides mainly AL2O3 and other surfaces (NaOH_RP) and apatite phosphorus and bonds with carbonates. In almost all the sediments, most RP was determined in the phosphorus fractions with Ca extracted with acid solution. For the fractions obtained via the M1 method, more of the general RP, as well as phosphorus bonded to calcium and iron was found than for fractions obtained with the M2 method, and the differences might be attributed to translocation of phosphorus from organic to inorganic compounds during fractioning. The fraction of reactive phosphorus determined with the M1 method is correlated more strongly with the general content of the metal in the sediments than reactive phosphorus fractions determined with the M2 method. The strong correlation between the content of iron and the fraction of BD_RP in mineral sediments shows that it can be an indicator of the sensitivity of sediment to changes in the redox potential.

5

Preliminary analysis of the cauliflower mitochondrial proteome

86%

Pawlowski T., Rurek M., Janicka S., Raczynska K. D., Augustyniak H.

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum

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2005

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tom 27

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nr 3A

Purified cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis) mitochondrial proteins fractionated into soluble, membrane, integral membrane and peripheral membrane samples were analyzed by 2D- PAGE (isoelectric focusing/ SDS polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis). 2D gels patterns were compared using the Imager Master 2D Elite software. 561 silver stained protein spots were resolved after electrophoresis under standard conditions of a whole protein extract. In the soluble fraction a prevalent number of more intense protein spots was observed. The cauliflower protein 2D patterns resembled Arabidopsis thaliana 2D patterns. The two protein spots selected which occupied a similar isoelectric point positions on both gels represented the same proteins as revealed by ESI-MS analysis of cauliflower proteins. The third selected spot belongs to unidentified proteins. The comparative analysis of mitochondrial suborganellar fractions proved the usefulness of this approach.

6

Mercury fractionation in sediments of the Lower Vistula River [Poland]

86%

Boszke L., Kowalski A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

|

2007

|

tom 36

|

nr 3

7

Fractionation of soil copper and lead in strongly contaminated soils using different methods

86%

Mocek A., Owczarzak W.

Scientific Papers of Agricultural University of Poznan. Agriculture

|

1999

|

tom 01

8

Fractionation of DNA isolated from lymphocytes of patients under therapy with the antiblastic drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum [II] using pulsed field gel electrophoresis

86%

Jaruga P., Zastawny T. H., Tujakowski J., Olinski R.

Acta Biochimica Polonica

|

1993

|

tom 40

|

nr 1

9

Wykorzystanie metody frakcjonowania do pozyskania glutenu i czystej skrobi z maki pszenzytniej

72%

Czuchajowska Z., Paszczynska B., Nowotna A., Gambus H.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Technologia Alimentaria

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2005

|

tom 04

|

nr 2

17-24

W pracy zastosowano metodę frakcjonowania według Czuchajowskiej i Pomeranza [1993] w celu uzyskania z mąki pszenżytniej następujących frakcji: glutenu, substancji rozpuszczalnych w wodzie, skrobi szlamowej, nierozpuszczalnego włókna oraz czystej skrobi. Stosując tę metodę uzyskano z mąk pszenżytnich mniej glutenu mokrego oraz czystej skrobi, natomiast więcej substancji rozpuszczalnych, skrobi szlamowej i nierozpuszczalnego włókna w porównaniu z ilością tych frakcji otrzymanych z mąki z pszenicy ‘Emika’. Metodą frakcjonowania uzyskano mniejszą ilość glutenu zarówno z mąki pszennej, jak i pszenżytniej z odmian ‘Presto’ i ‘Vero’ w porównaniu z oznaczoną ilością tej frakcji klasyczną metodą za pomocą aparatu Glutomatic.

10

Distribution, bioavailability and fractionation of metallic elements in allotment garden soils using the BCR sequential extraction procedure

72%

Bielicka-Gieldon A., Rylko E., Zamojc K.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2013

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tom 22

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nr 4

Metal associated with urban soils are of environmental concern due to their direct and indirect effects on human health. Metallic elements in contaminated soils are absorbed by plants and undergo biomagnification in the food chain. Allotment gardens are often situated in city centers and in areas with strong anthropogenic pressure – e.g. near industrial plants and roads. The aim of this study was to identify the bioavailable forms of metals present in urban soils. The sequential extraction procedure was applied to fractionate the following metals in urban soil samples from allotment gardens in Koszalin, Poland: chromium, copper, iron, manganese, nickel, lead, cadmium, and zinc. The mobility of the metals from studied soils decreased in the order: Cd > Mn > Pb > Zn > Ni > Cr > Cu > Fe. The sum of particular metals in the bioavailability fractions BCR I-III was: Cd 77-89%, Mn 72-81%, Pb 64-80%, Zn 54-77%, Ni 31-57%, Cr 32-53%, Cu 20-50%, and Fe 12-17%.

11

Przygotowanie sadzeniakow jako czynnik warunkujacy plonowanie bardzo wczesnych odmian ziemniaka

72%

Szutkowska M.

Ziemniak Polski

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2005

|

tom 15

|

nr 1

14-17

12

Organic compounds fractionation for domestic wastewater treatment modeling

72%

Makowska M., Spychala M.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

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2014

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tom 23

|

nr 1

Organic compounds in domestic wastewater have a highly differentiated composition, which depends on the source of wastewater. Detailed fractionation of organic pollutants is indispensible to determine their transformation during treatment processes. Mathematical modeling requires the division of organic compounds in wastewater into the fractions: dissolved, suspended, biodegradable, and unbiodegradable. It is possible to determine the content of fractions based on BOD₅, COD, and reaction rate coefficients. In this work, fractions of organic pollutants in wastewater, originating from small sources and treated in small treatment plants (0.66-22.00 m³/d), were identified. For comparison, fractions of organic pollutants in a medium municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) of 4,000 m³/d capacity have been determined. It was found that the wastewater from small sources and households differ in composition from typical municipal sewage. They are characterized by higher contents of dissolved and suspended biodegradable fractions. A similar result was found for septic tank effluent. The high content of biodegradable compounds and relatively large reaction rate coefficients positively affect the efficiency of pollutant removal.

13

Określenie przydatności przesiewacza AS 200 firmy Retsch do frakcjonowania skrobi ziemniaczanej

72%

Tomaszewska-Ciosek E., Golachowski A.

Zeszyty Problemowe Postępów Nauk Rolniczych

|

2010

|

tom 557

Istnieje wiele metod rozdzielania skrobi na frakcje różniące się wielkością gałeczek w tym: metoda sedymentacyjna, rozdział z użyciem hydrocyklonów i wirówek oraz rozdział skrobi na sitach. Każda z wymienionych metod posiada ograniczenia, które w dużym stopniu utrudniają przeprowadzenie rozdziału skrobi na frakcje o różnej wielkości gałeczek i otrzymanie próbek o dużej jednorodności. Celem pracy było zbadanie możliwości rozsortowania skrobi ziemniaczanej przy użyciu przesiewacza oraz próba usprawnienia procesu przesiewania. Rozsortowanie skrobi na frakcje różniące się wielkością gałeczek przeprowadzano przy zastosowanie urządzenie przesiewającego AS 200 firmy Retsch oraz zestawu sit, zawierającego 3 sita o średnicach oczek: 45 µm, 32 µm i 20 µm. W kolejnych etapach doświadczenia eksperymentalnie ustalono wpływ modyfikacji różnych czynników i parametrów procesu przesiewania na czystość frakcji w tym: sposobu przesiewania, wilgotności przesiewanego materiału, możliwości zastosowania wspomagaczy przesiewania, ilości jednorazowo przesiewanego materiału, amplitudy drgań zestawu przesiewającego oraz czasu przesiewania. Właściwymi warunkami przesiewania skrobi ziemniaczanej były: wilgotność przesiewanej skrobi - 9%, masa przesiewanej skrobi - 150 g, amplituda drgań sit - 2,8 mm, czas przesiewania - 5 godz., proces przesiewania prowadzony z wspomagaczami przesiewania. Po przesianiu skrobi w tych warunkach uzyskano 4 frakcje skrobi charakteryzujące się dobym zróżnicowaniem średnich średnic wielkości gałeczek we frakcjach.

14

Improved method of wheat starch isolation for friabilin analysis

72%

Budny J. A., Fornal J., Amarowicz R., Pegg R. B.

International Agrophysics

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2005

|

tom 19

|

nr 2

15

Particle size characterization using fraunhoffer diffraction and milling performance of maize

72%

Le Deschault de Monredon F., Chaurand M.

International Agrophysics

|

1997

|

tom 11

|

nr 4

16

Fractionation of some heavy metals in bottom sediments from the Middle Odra River [Germany-Poland]

72%

Glosinska G., Sobczynski T., Boszke L., Bierla K., Siepak J.

Polish Journal of Environmental Studies

|

2005

|

tom 14

|

nr 3

Fractionation of Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn has been performed in bottom sediment samples collected along a 75 km section of the middle Odra River by a modified method of 5-step sequential extraction according to Tessier. The results have shown the presence of Cu, Ni, Zn and Mn already in exchange fraction (I); the mean percent content of metals in mobile phases (exchange and carbonate) reached 35% (Cu), while the maximum values reached 59% (Ni). From among the metals studied, Zn, Mn, Fe, Cr and Ni were dominant in the species bound to hydrated iron and manganese oxides, so the metals contained in the bottom sediments were not permanently immobilized. Good correlation was found between the concentrations of Zn, Mn and Cd in the mobile phases (I+II) and their total concentrations. Similarly, the concentrations of all metals determined in the reducible fraction and in the fraction bound to organic matter (except for Cd and Cr) were well correlated to their total content.

17

Mechanical fractionation as the procedure for increasing feeding value of animal feedstuffs

72%

Sredanovic S., Levic J.

International Agrophysics

|

1994

|

tom 08

|

nr 4

18

Agrotechnika minibulw

58%

Zaklukiewicz K., Sekrecka D., Jedrzejowska E.

Ziemniak Polski

|

1996

|

nr 3

28-31

19

Wymiary nasion rzepaku jako czynnik ksztaltujacy ich zawartosc technologiczna oraz jakosc oleju

58%

Rotkiewicz D., Tanska M., Konopka I.

Rośliny Oleiste - Oilseed Crops

|

2002

|

tom 23

|

nr 1

103-112

20

Mercury fractionation in floodplain soils of the Warta River, Poland

58%

Boszke L., Kowalski A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

|

2008

|

tom 37

|

nr Suppl.1

Ograniczanie wyników

Investigation of heavy metals leaching from industrial wastewater sludge

Fractionation of iron and manganese in the horizons of a nutrient-poor forest soil profile using the sequential extraction method

Fractionation of buckwheat seed phenolics and analysis of their antioxidant activity

Speciation analysis of phosphorus in bottom sediments - comparison of two methods

Preliminary analysis of the cauliflower mitochondrial proteome

Mercury fractionation in sediments of the Lower Vistula River [Poland]

Fractionation of soil copper and lead in strongly contaminated soils using different methods

Fractionation of DNA isolated from lymphocytes of patients under therapy with the antiblastic drug cis-diamminedichloroplatinum [II] using pulsed field gel electrophoresis

Wykorzystanie metody frakcjonowania do pozyskania glutenu i czystej skrobi z maki pszenzytniej

Distribution, bioavailability and fractionation of metallic elements in allotment garden soils using the BCR sequential extraction procedure

Przygotowanie sadzeniakow jako czynnik warunkujacy plonowanie bardzo wczesnych odmian ziemniaka

Organic compounds fractionation for domestic wastewater treatment modeling

Określenie przydatności przesiewacza AS 200 firmy Retsch do frakcjonowania skrobi ziemniaczanej

Improved method of wheat starch isolation for friabilin analysis

Particle size characterization using fraunhoffer diffraction and milling performance of maize

Fractionation of some heavy metals in bottom sediments from the Middle Odra River [Germany-Poland]

Mechanical fractionation as the procedure for increasing feeding value of animal feedstuffs

Agrotechnika minibulw

Wymiary nasion rzepaku jako czynnik ksztaltujacy ich zawartosc technologiczna oraz jakosc oleju

Mercury fractionation in floodplain soils of the Warta River, Poland