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Background. Obesity and a sedentary way of life play an important part in public health in Hungary. This phenomenon is becoming more and more serious not only in adults but also children. Adults’ health behaviour is greatly affected by the existence or absence of health awareness. Regular exercising in association with general fitness form an integral part of health awareness. Our objective is to demonstrate the nutrition and fitness status of students in higher education with a comprehensive test. Material and methods. Beside general factors affecting health, such as BMI, skeletal muscle, body fat, visceral fat percentage, participants performed practical tasks which provided data of their stamina, muscular strength and fitness status: (1) a 15/20-minute shuttle run, (2) a scheduled abdominal muscle test (3) manual clamping force measurement (4) a scheduled push up test (5) a standing long-jump test, and (6) a flexibility test. Results. According to our survey, young adults’ nutrition status was satisfactory, two third of them had normal BMI. Left manual clamping force and trunk stretching force in men, stamina and explosive power in women were significantly determined by BMI classification. Basing on these results, we can state that body weight has no effect on joint mobility. Conclusions. The present study draws attention to several former conclusions which suggest that more efforts are needed in higher education to improve health promotion of the youth. Introduction of compulsory physical education classes might facilitate further research which may follow-up the changes in the fitness status of young people.
Background: The health potential of a person can be improved thanks to recreational physical activity and rational diet. The sense of life satisfaction is also one of significant health resources. Objective: The aim of the study was to analyze the relations between the level of life satisfaction and the frequency of consuming selected products in the group of young women who engage in fitness for recreational purposes. Material and Methods: The study involved 200 young women (20-30 years old) who regularly do recreational physical activity in fitness clubs in Małopolska. An original questionnaire was used to measure the frequency of consumption of food products, with the following scale: several times a day, once a day, several times a week, once a week, several times a month, and more rarely / never. The Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) by Diener et al., adapted into Polish by Juczyński, was used to measure life satisfaction. The results were analyzed with the use of U Mann-Whitney test and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients in a statistical package PQStat ver. 1.6. Results: Statistical analysis showed that along with higher life satisfaction, women significantly less often consumed: white bread (p<0.05) and whole milk (p<0.05), and significantly more often: wholemeal bread (p<0.05), whole-grain rice and pasta (p<0.001), legumes (p<0.05), fermented milk products (p<0.05), fish (p<0.05), seafood (p<0.01), beef (p<0.01) and vegetable juices (p<0.001). The comparison of the mean frequency of consumption of certain foods depending on the level of life satisfaction (low vs. high according to the SWLS) showed that women who displayed high life satisfaction significantly more often consumed wholemeal bread (p<0.01), whole-grain rice and pasta (p<0.001), curd cheese with reduced fat content (p<0.05), seafood (p<0.05), beef (p<0.001) and vegetable juices (p<0.05), and significantly less often, sweets and confectionery (p<0.05) than did women displaying low life satisfaction. Conclusions: The study proved the predictive role of life satisfaction in the development of eating habits of young, physically active women, indicating more rational dietary choices of women with higher levels of this individual quality.
Problem Statement. Becoming widespread and extremely popular with people throughout the world fitness has not left Ukraine, where there is a keen interest to this kind of recreational activities, aside. The Purpose was to study the origin of recreational fitness. Results: The article highlights the origins and genesis of health-related fitness in its international context, as well as in individual countries of the world. Particular attention has been paid to the development of recreational fitness in Ukraine and to the establishment of the Ukrainian market of fitness services, which originated in the late 90s. A rapid booming of fitness industry has been observed in Ukraine since 2005. The authors also deal with contemporary development of fitness services. At the same time the issue of terminological application has been tackled. Various publications put different interpretations of fitness terminological system in general and of the term “fitness” as well. Although fitness as a health-improving system has been gradually evolving, the commonly accepted meaning of the term has not been elaborated up till now. Various definitions of the term should be considered as complementary. Conclusions. Fitness has a long history and different versions of origin and evolution. Two of them are considered to be of significance, i.e. the western and the eastern versions. For ideological reasons, fitness in the Soviet Union (Ukraine being part of it until 1991) was practically ignored. Nevertheless, the mid-80s of the last century witnessed the breakthrough of fitness into the USSR. Establishment of the market of fitness services in the independent Ukraine started in the late 90s. Fitness industry in Ukraine is permanently growing.
There is a significant complexity of movements and an ability to adapt to changing situations during a match, hence, a factor which decides about sports rank of a player is their motor fitness. The assessment of muscle power output and abilities of coordination in high-rank players can be one of the most essential model indicators either in the process of athlete selection or in the process of sports training. The research question is: How the measured indicators of a somatic body construction and motor fitness condition the sports level of volleyball players who specialize in different tactical functions? The paper demonstrates the test results of 12 volleyball players from MKS Muszynianka – a vice-champion of Poland in 2009. Basic features of a somatic body construction were measured; the indicators of muscle dynamic strength, visual perception and visual-motor coordination were tested. The comparative analysis of the applied somatic and fitness indicators in the study explains both the model of choice of tactical specializations in the game and sports hierarchy of volleyball players at championship level. Lengthwise predispositions of a body construction are prominent in the model; however, fitness skills (muscle dynamic strength and visual-motor coordination) may well compensate for insufficient somatic indicators.
XXI wiek to epoka dbania o wygląd, starania o zdrowy tryb życia i poprawę jakości życia. „Kult ciała” stał się globalnym trendem, a zachowania prozdrowotne zaczęto traktować jako no-wy styl życia, który polega na odchodzeniu od tradycyjnych form spędzania czasu wolnego ze znajomymi, na rzecz odosobnionego i zindywidualizowanego gospodarowania czasem poza pra-cą. Współczesny prozdrowotny styl życia powoduje, że rynek związany z branżą sportową i re-kreacyjną rozwija się, pojawiają się nowe obiekty, w tym fitness kluby i siłownie. Celem pracy była diagnoza krakowskich fitness klubów i siłowni na terenie miasta Krakowa. W pierwszej części opisano „przemysł zdrowotny”. Następnie scharakteryzowano styl życia. W trzeciej przybli-żono Kraków jako miasto rozwijające się. W czwartej natomiast ukazano ofertę usług dostępnych dla mieszkańców Krakowa w wybranych fitness klubach i siłowniach.
Background. Fitness has recently become a very popular form of physical activity among women. Since more and more fitness clubs are founded, more and more women take up the job of a fitness instructor or participate in fitness classes. Therefore, the studies on female fitness instructors and participants are of great relevance. Objective. The objective of this study was to compare food behaviour and attitude towards nutritional knowledge in fitness instructors and fitness participants. Material and methods. The studied population comprised 200 women, including 100 fitness instructors and 100 fitness participants from fitness clubs in Poznań and the vicinity. The studied women filled in questionnaires on food behaviour and attitude towards nutritional knowledge. Statistical analysis was carried out by means of the IBM SPSS Statistics 19 computer programme. Results. Statistically significant differences were observed in the studied women’s age, education, the period of working as a fitness instructor or attending fitness classes and the frequency of teaching fitness classes or attending fitness classes, as well as avoiding poultry. Fitness instructors were older than fitness participants and a higher percentage of them had higher education. The period of working as a fitness instructor was almost twice as long as the period of attending fitness classes. The highest percentage of fitness instructors taught fitness classes more than four times a week, while the highest percentage of fitness participants attended fitness classes three times a week. More fitness participants than fitness instructors avoided poultry. Conclusions. Unfavourable food behaviour observed in the studied women, both fitness instructors and fitness participants, may increase the risk of diet-related diseases. The observed inadequacies in the studied women’s food behaviour, along with their conviction that their diets were adequate and that their nutritional knowledge was sufficient, suggest the necessity to implement education programme to popularise basic dietary recommendations.
The purpose of the present study was: 1) to determine young tennis players’ fitness and anthropometric characteristics; and 2) to determine to what extent these characteristics relate to the players’ national ranking. Forty young (age 15.1 ±0.4) trained male tennis players, who were ranked from 1 to 40 in their age group in the country’s youth tennis players list, were tested for speed, speed endurance, flexibility, strength, specific agility and quickness, aerobic capacity, height, and weight. Significant correlations were found between the players’ ranking and speed (r = 0.430 – 0.475), specific agility and quickness (r = 0.626), speed endurance (r = 0.562), strength (r = –0.416), aerobic capacity (r = –0.581), flexibility (r = 0.352), height (r = –0.443), and weight (r = –0.293). Stepwise regression analysis indicated that specific agility and quickness accounted for almost 40% of the players’ ranking, while its combination with the players’ height accounted for 56%. The results imply the overall importance of anaerobic capabilities and tennis-specific movements to the young tennis players’ ranking. The results also emphasize the importance of tennis-specific tests to the young tennis players’ performance evaluation.
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