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A total 44 isolates of S. enterica serovar Enteritidis (S. Enteritidis) belonged to three different phage types (PTs) 9a, 13a, 25 were analyzed by the technique of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Thirty and three strains were from two outbreaks (central and southern regions of the Slovak Republic PTs 13a, 25) and 11 isolates were sporadic isolates (PT9a). These isolates showed two different patterns in PFGE with Xbal digestion. Strains of PT13a generated PFP A and isolates of PT25 showed uniform PFP B. Nine sporadic isolates of PT9a belonged to PFP A and two isolates to PFP B. The PFPs A and B were differed by only two bands. The distribution of Xbal profiles did not corresponded with PTs. We conclude that the close genetic similarity observed between epidemiologically unrelated and outbreak-related isolates ofS. Enteritidis suggest clonal relationship of these isolates.
Two thousand nine hundred and fourteen Salmonella strains were tested in the National Veterinary Research Institute in 1994 to 1998. Poultry, feed stuffs and food of animal origin were the main sources of Salmonella isolation. Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium were the prevailing serovar among poultry and food isolates. Salmonella Mbandaka and Salmonella Agona were also often encountered. Several serovars not found in human isolates were observed mostly in feed and feed meals.
Multiple myeloma (MM) is an uncurable plasma cell malignancy, with incidence approximately 4 per 100 000 population and rich symptomatology causing often significant diagnostic problems. In 1992-2004 in Haematology Department of Medical University in Lublin MM was diagnosed in 197 patients (110 woman and 87 men, mean age 61± 11.2 years). The most common monoclonal protein type of was IgG, detected in 133 patients. At the time of initial diagnosis in 138 patients bone pain was a main complain, in 10,2% of these patients it was caused by pathological fractures. In 20 patients (10.2%) clinical course was indolent, and disease was diagnosed accidentally. In the other patients first clinical manifestation were unspecific symptoms, such as: general weeknes (15/197 patients), paraparesis (9/197), acute renal failure (8/197), prolonged infections (8/197) bone of soft tissue tumours (7/197). Taking into account unspecific clinical picture preliminary diagnostics should focus on characteristic for MM laboratory features, i.e.: highly accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation reaction resulted from hyper- and para-proteinaemia; proteinuria; osteolytic lesions in bone radiograms. Lack of appropriate diagnostic strategy prolongs time to therapy commencement to 5.3±4.7 months, in some cases even to 24 months. On the level of basic health care total protein serum level and bone radiograms are adequate diagnostic investigation to establish preliminary diagnosis of MM. In our study increase of total protein serum level and characteristic changes in bone radiograms were found in 96% of patients.
Dicrocoeliosis is poorly known and often underestimated by studies and practitioners in many countries. The prophylaxis of Dicrocoelium has been difficult and unsatisfactory to date due to the complexity of its biological life cycle and epidemiology (Otranto and Traversa, 2002). This study was performed to evaluate the efficacy of praziquantel at 50 mg/kg b.w. against D. dendriticum. Thirty-four sheep (11 male + 13 female), naturally infected with D. dendriticum, were allocated to two groups as follows: Treatment group 50.0 mg/kg b.w., n=14; Control group, n=10. Sheep were around 8-12-months-old. Sheep were randomized with equal groups based on mean weight and sex. Feces were collected two times before treatment and 2-7 days after treatment and just before slaughter. During the study feces were examined for parasite eggs microscopically. Equal numbers of animals (3 from each group) were slaughtered 9, 10, 11 and 12 days after treatment and livers with the bile sack and small intestine contents examined for the presence of parasites. It was concluded that praziquantel at the dose rates used in the study was 95.9% effective against D. dendriticum.
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