Wyniki wyszukiwania - AGRO

1

Digestive responses of wapiti Cervus elaphus canadensis to seasonal forages

100%

Jiang Z., Hudson R. J.

Acta Theriologica

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1996

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tom 41

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nr 4

We tested the hypothesis that seasonal differences in passage rate and digestibility of native forage in wapiti Cervus elaphus canadensis Erxleben, 1777 were due to seasonal appetence and digestive adaptation as well as plant phenology and composition. To this end, we compared digestive characteristics of seasonal pasture with those of a standard alfalfa-barley pellet fed to wapiti hinds throughout the year. No evidence of seasonal effects independent of forage quality was found. Although dry matter intakes differed 2-3 fold, the digestibility of the standard pelleted diet was not signficantly different in winter (0.68 ± 0.02), spring (0,74 ± 0.01) and summer (0.71 ± 0.01). However, digestibilities of natural forages increased greatly from winter (0.51 ± 0.01), to spring (0.77 ± 0.02), with a gentle decline into autumn (0.65 ± 0.02). Because retention times of pelleted diets were not significantly different among seasons (winter 28 + 1 h, spring 24 ± 2 h, summer 22 ± 1 h), digestive kinetics also seemed to be mainly a function of seasonal composition of native forage rather than specific seasonal adaptation. The mean retention time of winter herbage (41 ± 2 h) was significantly longer than that of spring (28 + 3 h) and summer (25 ± 2 h) forages. Pasture forages were retained longer (51 ± lh) than pellets in winter but not in spring (28 ± 1 h) and summer (27 ± 1 h). Fecal moisture was a good indicator of digesta retention time despite forage type and may provide a simple index of digestive function for field studies.

2

Investigation of determination of ergosterol content and digestibility of poultry fodder contaminated by mouldy fungi

86%

Augonyte G., Kulpys J.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Przegląd Hodowlany

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1998

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tom 36

3

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Effect of dietary fibre fractions on in vitro digestibility of rapeseed napin proteins

86%

Joehnke M. S., Sorensen S., Bjergegaard C., Markedal K. E., Sorensen J. C.

Polish Journal of Food and Nutrition Sciences

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2018

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tom 68

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nr 4

Protein digestibility may be Influenced by the presence of dietary fibre affecting the nutritional quality of a feed or food product. This study investigated the interplay between rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) protein and fibre constituents separated by industrially scalable pilot plant processing and recombined in mixed samples. Total dietary fibre (TDF) fractions were isolated from rapeseed hulls (TDF-RH) and purifi ed rapeseed embryo fibres (TDF-RE). The effect of TDF sources on in vitro protein digestibility (IVPD) of a rapeseed protein concentrate rich in napin proteins (RP2) was assessed at three inclusion levels (200, 333, and 500 mg/g DM) using a sequential transient proteolysis by pepsin (1 h) and pancreatin (1 h). The IVPD of RP2 was dose-dependently decreased upon addition of hull fibres at all inclusion levels (8.9-26.6%; P<0.05), whereas the effect of embryo fibres was of a markedly lower magnitude and only signifi cant at the medium to high levels (7.3-8.9%; P<0.05). These results demonstrated that TDF fractions obtained from rapeseed differentially affect the protein digestibility of rapeseed napin proteins depending on the fibre source and inclusion level.

4

Quality and nutritive value of sorghum silage

86%

Dorszewski P., Grabowicz M., Mikolajczak J., Szterk P., Kostrzewska M.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences. Supplement

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2006

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tom 03

61-66

5

Estimation of nutrient digestibility of timothy silages using the NIRS method

86%

Kanski J., Kowalski Z. M., Rinne M.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences. Supplement

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2006

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tom 03

73-77

6

Effects of direct-fed microbials and their combinations with yeast culture on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics

86%

Doto S. P., Liu J. X.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2011

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tom 20

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nr 2

This study was conducted to determine the effects of Bacillus licheniformis (Bl) and Clostridium butyricum (Cb) and their combinations with yeast culture on in vitro rumen fermentation in a two-way factorial design. Treatments included Bl or Cb at levels of 0, 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 mg and their combination with yeast culture at 0, 18, 27, 36 and 60 mg per 200 mg substrate, respectively. Gas production was recorded after 2, 4, 6, 9, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72 h incubation. In vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) was estimated by 24 h gas production. Rumen fermentation parameters were determined after 24 h of incubation. Rate constant of gas production was not influenced by Bl or Cb alone, but increased (P<0.05) with inclusion of yeast culture. The IVOMD was influenced (P<0.05) by addition with Bl, Cb or yeast culture, with highest IVOMD observed when Bl or Cb was combined with 60 mg yeast culture. Total volatile fatty acids were affected by Bl and yeast culture (P<0.01), but not by Cb (P>0.05). There were significant interaction effects on pH, acetate to propionate ratio and ammonia-N between yeast culture and Bl or Cb. From the above results, it is indicated that Bl and Cb may be more effective as feed additives when combined with yeast culture than when offered separately.

7

Optimum ratio of standardized ileal digestible tryptophan to lysine for piglets

86%

Borgesa G., Woyengo T. A., Nyachoti C. M.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2013

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tom 22

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nr 4

Two experiments were conducted to determine optimal standardized ileal digestible (SID) tryptophan:lysine ratio for piglets using growth performance and plasma urea N as response criteria. In Experiment 1, piglets were fed 6 diets with 8.5, 9.5, 10.5, 11.5, 12.5 or 13.5 g · kg–1 SID lysine to estimate lysine requirement. In Experiment 2, piglets were fed 6 diets with 9.2 g · kg–1 SID lysine, and 0.178, 0.182, 0.196, 0.216, 0.227 or 0.236 SID trytophan:lysine to estimate optimal tryptophan:lysine ratio. The SID lysine requirement was estimated to be 10.2 g · kg–1. Response criteria measured were unaffected by SID tryptophan:lysine ratio, implying that the diets fed were not deficient in tryptophan. In conclusion, the SID lysine requirement for the piglets was close to the recommendation by NRC (1998; 10.1 g · kg–1), but not NRC (2012; 12.3 g · kg–1). The optimal SID tryptophan:lysine ratio of the piglets was either equal to or less than 0.178.

8

Variability of amino acid digestibility in pigs: inherent factors in feedstuffs and considerations in methodology

86%

Sauer W., He J., Fan M. Z., Cervantes M., Kies A., Caine W.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences. Supplement

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2001

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tom 10

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nr 1

9

Acid-insoluble ash as a marker in digestibility studies: a review

86%

Sales J., Janssens G. P. J.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2003

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tom 12

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nr 3

10

Composition and nutritional value of the meat protein of lamb

86%

Klobukowski J., Brzostowski H., Tanski Z.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences

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2003

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tom 13

11

Estimation of in vitro dry matter digestibility using the filter bag method

86%

Ludwin J., Kowalski Z. M.

Annals of Animal Science. Supplement

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2003

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nr 2

12

Effect of fertilization and variety on digestibility of phosphorus from plant feedstuffs in pigs

86%

Hovenjurgen M., Rodehutscord M., Pfeffer E.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2003

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tom 12

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nr 1

13

Effects of dietary phytic acid on digestibility of main nutrients and mineral absorption in mink [Mustela vison]

72%

Denstadli V., Romarheim A. T., Sorensen M., Ahlstrom O., Skrede A.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2010

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tom 19

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nr 1

104-112

The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of dietary phytic acid (IP6) on the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of main nutrients and apparent absorption of minerals in mink (Mustela vison). A basal moist diet consisting of fish meal, fish oil and wheat starch was added at different concentrations of soluble sodium phytate, thus obtaining six diets with graded levels of IP6 (0-19.9 g IP6 kg dry matter-1). Each diet was fed to four adult male mink kept in individual cages. There were no significant effects of IP6 on the ATTD of crude protein, fat, starch or energy, whereas the apparent absorption of copper and magnesium was significantly reduced with increasing concentration of IP6. Thus, as observed in other monogastric animals, we conclude that dietary IP6 could impair mineral status in mink, but may not affect digestibility of energy-yielding nutrients.

14

Effect of probiotic product "Cytozyme" on digestibility of finishing diets and their utilization by feedlot steers

72%

Siuta A.

Acta Agraria et Silvestria. Series Zootechnica

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1991

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tom 29

15

The effect of tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia leaf meal on performance, egg quality, and nutrient digestibility in laying hens

72%

Zhang G. J., Li Y., Sun Y. H., Yuan C. Q., Xu Z. H.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2013

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tom 22

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nr 4

A 60-day feeding experiment was conducted to study the effects of including 0, 20, 40, or 60 g · kg–1 leaf meal of tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia (TRLM) in diets on performance, egg quality, and apparent nutrient and amino acid digestibility of hens. Egg mass and egg weight were both higher when feeding 40 g · kg–1 TRLM than the other three diets, the egg shape index linearly increased (P < 0.05). No significant effects of diet were seen on the other hen performance or egg quality parameters. Apparent nutrient and amino acid digestibilities increased at first and subsequently decreased with increasing inclusion of the foliage, but no significant differences were observed in dry matter or glycine. Digestibility of crude protein, ether extract, gross energy and acid detergent fibre increased up to 20 g · kg–1 TRLM and subsequently decreased, and similar trends were observed for 13 amino acids, but the digestibility of neutral detergent fibre decreased up to 40 g · kg–1 TRLM and subsequently increased. A significant linear decrease (P < 0.05) in the digestibility of proline was observed with increasing inclusion of TRLM into the diets. Tetraploid Robinia pseudoacacia leaf meal could be a potential supplementary protein source in laying hen diets at inclusion levels not exceeding 60 g · kg–1.

16

Effect of rice straw in the diet for growing goats on site and extent of digestion and N balance

72%

Zhao X. G., Jiang H. L., Sun Z. H., Tang S. X., Zhou C. S., Cong Z. H., Tayo G. O., Tan Z. L.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2007

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tom 16

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nr 3

379-388

17

Apparent ileal amino acid digestibility and energy utilization in hulless oats [Avena nuda L.] fed to growing pigs

72%

Nyachoti C. M., Rigaux L., Woyengo T. A., Kiarie E.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2010

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tom 19

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nr 1

59-71

The aim of the present work was to determine nutrients and energy utilization of four hulless oat varieties, namely Paul (PA), Gehl “VAO-02” (GV), AC-Gwen (AC) and Lee Williams (LW) in growing pigs. The crude protein, lysine, crude fat and neutral detergent fibre contents (g kg-1 DM) ranged from 153 for LW to 184 for PA, 7.08 for LW to 7.94 for PA, 53.8 for LW to 72.1 for GV and 77.3 for PA to 120 for LW, respectively. Apparent ileal lysine digestibility differed (P<0.05) among the varieties and ranged from 60.0% for LW to 78.9% for AC. The DE and ME contents (MJ kg-1) also differed (P<0.05) among the varieties and ranged from 16.66 for LW to 17.92 for PA and 16.65 for LW to 17.90 for PA, respectively. Ileal amino acids digestibility and energy contents revealed variability among the varieties studied.

18

Effect of cellulase and xylanase on in vitro TMR digestibility and the performance of dairy cows

72%

Wylegala S., Nowak W., Kruczynska H.

Polish Journal of Natural Sciences. Supplement

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2006

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tom 03

265-269

19

The effects of Carnobacterium divergens AS7 bacteriocin on gastrointestinal microflora in vitro and on nutrient retention in broiler chickens

72%

Jozefiak D., Sip A., Kaczmarek S., Rutkowski A.

Journal of Animal and Feed Sciences

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2010

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tom 19

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nr 3

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of divercin, a bacteriocin produced by lactobacilli strain Carnobacterium divergens AS7, on the microflora status under in vitro conditions and on nutrient retention and nitrogen-corrected apparent metabolizable energy (AMEN ) of divercin in an in vivo trial on broiler chickens. Low (DL) 200 AU·ml1 (0.05% of the liquid divercin prepatation), and high (DH) 1600 AU·ml-1(0.4% of the liquid divercin prepatation) doses of divercin were used in both trials. In the in vitro trial divercin at concentration, 1600AU ml-1 of divercin had stronger antibacterial effects as compared with 200 AU·ml-1. In the crop and ileal digesta, the DH treatment was characterized by the lowest lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and coliform bacteria counts (0.4-0.8 log cycle reduction). There were no differences in nutrient retention between treatments. Salinomycin and divercin supplementation tended to increase fat digestibility and N retention. However, the highest AMEN were obtained in the DL treatment. The results of both studies show positive effects of divercin in terms of reduction of microbial populations isolated from the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of broiler chickens as well as improvement in AMEN. The presented data may suggest that bacteriocin derived from Carnobacterium divergens AS7 could play a role in controlling the microbial ecosystem in the broiler chicken GIT.

20

Response surface optimization of manufacturing dietary starch products

72%

Le T.-B. J., Bialas W., Lewandowicz G.

Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Technologia Alimentaria

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2009

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tom 08

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nr 4

51-62

Background. The development of food ingredients that beneficially affect the human organism has attracted much interest recently. Especially important seems to be resistant starch i.e. starch fraction which resists hydrolysis catalysed by amylases present in the gut. Although research on starches resistant to amylolytic enzymes began in 1990s, there is still lack of cheap and easy methods of its production. The aim of the work was to optimize the process of high pressure homogenization of potato starch pastes in order to reduce their digestibility to the utmost. Material and methods. The optimization of the homogenization process was examined by means of the commercial software STATISTICA. Homogenisation was performed for the pastes of the concentration of 5%. Digestibility of the obtained starch samples was evaluated by the amount of glucose formed after 16 h of hydrolysis with the mixture of pancreatic alpha-amylase and glucoamylase. Results. It was found that high pressure homogenization of starch pastes provides products of digestibility reduced up to 50%. Moreover, it was proved that at low temperatures, it is necessary to apply high pressure and low number of passages. At high temperatures, it is necessary to apply low pressure and high number of passages. Medium values of all of parameters did not provide low values of digestibility. Conclusions. The application of the response surface methodology (RSM) for development of dietary starch products allows a quick identification of important process factors (such as temperature, pressure or numbers of passages) and shows interactions between them

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