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The material consisted of the data concerning reproductive performance traits of the Polish Large White sows, which was used in the breeding value estimation using the BLUP method in second half of May 2008. The analysis covered sows, which gave from one to eight litters. The following two indexes were computed: WI – total number of days from sow birth date to last litter delivery day over the sum of piglets born, and WII – total number of days from sow birth date to last litter delivery day over the sum of piglets in day 21 of live. The values of both indexes decreased with successive litters. Regression coefficients were estimated on the basis of correlation between individual reproduction traits and indexes. The impact of individual traits upon the indexes changed in successive litters during the period of the use of a sow. The impact of total number of piglets in a litter decreased, and the impact of the period between first farrowing and last litter delivery increased. Considering this,longevity of sows may affect pork production profitability.
The performance of thoroughbred horses results from a long-term selection for maximum gallop speed which is tested in races. Their results enable to evaluate trends in speed development and to estimate the breeding value of thoroughbred sires. Due to a low heritability of recorded race times and their high dependence on climatic, pedological and other factors, the performance of thoroughbred sires is most frequently specified on the base of subsidies, prize money or on the base of results of general handicaps (time form). According to authors of selection models, these performance characteristics have a medium coefficient of heritability. In our model of estimation of breeding value we have used both of them and results of the estimation of breeding value according to the criterion general handicap (GH) with a index of performance (IDP).
The aim of this study was to verify the hypothesis that insertion/deletion (indel) polymorphisms within the promoter and intron 1 sequences of the prion protein (PRNP) gene can affect the breeding value of Holstein-Friesian bulls. The experimental material included 261 Holstein-Friesian bulls born between 1997 – 2002. It was shown that the polymorphism in the intron 1 (12 bp indel) sequence had a more significant effect on the analyzed traits than a polymorphism in the promotor (23 bp indel) sequence. A deletion allele within intron 1 (12del) significantly increased the bulls’ breeding value for milk yield (p=0.001), protein yield (p=0.042), type and conformation (p=0.018),udder width (p=0.003), dairy character (p=0.004), and decreased days open (p=0.022). A deletion allele (23del) at the polymorphic locus of the promoter significantly decreased the bulls’ breeding value for milk yield (p=0.001), udder width (p=0.029) and dairy character (p=0.033). Analysis of both alleles showed that 23del-12del haplotype increased the bulls’ breeding value for udder traits:udder (p=0.008), fore udder (p=0.043) and udder depth (p=0.041), and decreased for fat kontent (p=0.047) and conformation traits - body depth (p<0.001), chest width (p=0.029) and rear leg set - side view (p=0.029). Also positive effect of 23del-12ins haplotype for days open (p=0.003) and days between calving and first insemination (p=0.045) was observed.
Five single nucleotide polymorphisms in leptin and leptin receptor genes were analysed for their possible impact on estimating breeding values for somatic cell count score (SCS) in milk, longevity and reproductive traits. Used were 309 active Polish Holstein-Friesian bulls. The LEP-C(-963)T,LEP-Y7F, LEP-R25C, LEP-A80V, and LEPR-T945M genotypes were identified using the PCRRFLP method. For linked leptin mutations, the additional haplotype analysis was performed. The results obtained suggest that three polymorphisms of bovine LEP gene may be associated with nonreturn rate in cows. The most significant effect was found for LEP-A80V. Moreover, the LEPRT945M mutation seemed to be related to the age at first insemination.
Genetic parameters were estimated for the body weights, daily gains and body measurements of young bulls at central rearing stations. The data included 5512 black-and-white bulls and 1186 Holstein-Friesian (HF) and 1/2 HF bulls bom during 1981 - 1984 and 3959 black-and-white, 2098 HF and 1/2 HF bom during 1985 - 1987. The values of genetic parameters estimated in both periods were similar. Heritabilities of body weights at 120 and 360 days and average daily gains were between 0,21 to 0,29; estimates of heritabilities for heart girth and height at withers were slightly higher. The highest genetic correlations were found between body weight at 360 days and average daily gain. For bulls bom between 1981 and 1984 the BLUP method was used to evaluate predicted differences (1/2 of breeding value) in body weight at 360 days and average daily gains of young bulls. Averages of predicted differences calculated for each rearing station yielded small genetic differences among them. In addition, the predicted differences were evaluated for bulls’ sires based on their sons performances.
The aim of the study was to investigate associations between SLC27A1 genotypes and estimated breeding value of milk production traits (milk, fat and protein yield, kg; fat and protein content, %) in the Polish Holstein-Friesian cows’ herd. Three single nucleotide polymorphisms were genotyped,the g.14996C>G. in the exon 3, g.14791C>T in exon 4 and g.14589A>G in exon 5 of SLC27A1 gene.The genotype and allele frequencies for each polymorphism and the SLC27A1 haplotype frequencies were estimated in the examined herd. Significant relations between the SLC27A1 g.14791C>T SNP and breeding value for protein content were found. The results indicate that selection for the SLC27A1-CC individuals might contribute to increased protein content of milk in Polish Holstein-Friesian cows. Further studies are needed to confirm these results.
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