Ograniczanie wyników

Czasopisma help
Autorzy help
Lata help
Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 91

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 5 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  black currant
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 5 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
In this paper assessment of the phenotypic diversity in 40 blackcurrant (Ribes ni- grum L.) cultivars was presented. The cultivars were from the breeding (working) collection, and originated from over a large geographical range. Bushes of the geno­types in the working collection were planted in autumn of 2004 in the Experimental Orchard in Dąbrowice, near Skierniewice, belonging to the Fruit Breeding Depart­ment of the Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture. Observations of 17 agronomical traits collected during the two years of 2007-2008 were analyzed. Two multivariate methods were used, i.e. principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) using Ward's method and the square of the Euclidean distance. The first three PCs explained about 56% of the multi-trait variation among the cultivars, and the first two accounted for about 39% of the multi-trait variation. There was a high correlation of the two phenological traits, fruit size and firmness of fruit skin with PC1. This correlation represents the most important genetic common factor that could be called, "Ripening time driving fruit size and firmness". The PC2 was mostly correlated with number of basal shoots and fruit yield per plant. It represents the sec­ond common factor called, "Plant architecture affecting fruit productivity". Traits such as ripening time, fruit size and firmness, number of basal shoots, fruit yield per plant, as well as susceptibility to diseases and pests are the most discriminating po- mological attributes that mainly contribute to overall phenotypic diversity of theblackcurrant cultivars. The cultivars were divided into five distinct clusters. Distribu­tion of the cultivars in two PCs coordinates allowed us to find the existing rich diver­sity for the studied traits. Such diversity proves, that the characterized blackcurrant cultivar collection has high potential for specific breeding goals. The cultivars in­cluded in the diverse clusters could be promising parents with complementary levels of the most discriminating traits. They should be used for hybridization in order to obtain a high heterotic response. This response would substantially contribute to the blackcurrant breeding programs.
Ions of irons, especially ferrous ions may be harmful for living organisms, because they generate reactive oxygen species like O2 •- or •OH. Probability of the risk rises especially in pathological conditions, in which high level of iron is observed. For this reason scientists try to establish new methods that can support organism in eliminating reactive ferrous ions. Nowadays, attention focuses on substances present in plants, especially polyphenols, whose administration prevents oxidative damages in iron overloading. This new approach requires some research on behavior of plant-derived compounds in human organism, within a system containing other biomolecules involved in iron metabolism. The aim of this study has been to investigate the influence of black currant (Ribes nigrum) seed extract, a source of polyphenols, on the activity of ceruloplasmin, an enzyme participating in Fe(II) elimination from blood plasma in human organism. Depletion of Fe(II) caused by ceruloplasmin isolated from healthy blood donors was compared to its decrease in a system containing both ceruloplasmin and the extract. The results have shown that addition of a particular amount of the extract elevates the effectiveness of ceruloplasmin in eliminating Fe(II) from the sample but only under physiological condition (pH 7.4; T 37°C). In a weak acidic solution, addition of the extract does not lead to any change in Fe(II) concentration.
There were tested and screened, in vitro and in vivo, for the first time in Romania, nine respectively six plant extracts manufactured by Hofigal S.A. against Botrytis cinerea (strain Bc 27) isolated from blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.). The highest antibotrytis in vitro activity (efficiency between 80 and 100%) was obtained using the following extracts: Hyssopus officinalis (at 20, 10 and 5%), Satureja hortensis, Allium sativum, Tagetes patula (at 20 and 10%) and Mentha (at 20%). A moderate antibotrytis activity (efficiency between 35.7 and 65.7%) has been noticed for Mentha (at 10 and 5%), Satureja hortensis, Allium sativum and Tagetes patula (at 5%) extracts. The lowest antibotrytis activity or no efficiency was noticed using extracts obtained from Achillea millefolium, Artemisia dracunculus ‘sativa’, Rosmarinus officinalis and Valeriana officinalis even applied at 20%. Based on results obtained in in vitro tests, six plant extracts were tested and screened in vivo, under field conditions at Hofigal S.A. Bucharest. Satureja hortensis, Allium sativum, Hyssopus officinalis, Menthaand Tagetes patula extracts have been efficient in limiting gray mold severity in blackcurrant applied at 10% compared to untreated control. No in vivo activity was registered for Valeriana officinalis extract. Plant extracts with highly efficiency can be recommended as a non-polluting and environmental-friendly alternative (organic horticulture) in the protection of blackcurrant as medicinal crop against grey mould, the most economically important disease in Europe at present.
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 5 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.