Ograniczanie wyników

Czasopisma help
Autorzy help
Lata help
Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 281

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 15 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  behaviour
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 15 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
Consumers demand ever newer products; therefore permanent development of new products and launching them on the market is inevitable in the competitive surroundings of contemporary markets. This paper deals with the relationship of innovation and the family life cycle as a predictor of behavior. We are dealing in her analysis of relationships between innovation and the family life cycle as a predictor of behavior, through a survey carried out. In the results are presented the facts about innovation at all stages of the Family life cycle.
Four male and 8 female captive pine martens Martes americana (Turton, 1806) were observed for signs of mating. Behavioural changes associated with the breeding season began in mid-June. Subjective observation indicated that the frequency of abdominal scent marking and body contact between males and females increased from June through July and decreased during August. Aggression between females in­creased markedly during the breeding season. The animals emitted diverse vocaliza­tions, including a throaty chuckle that was associated with breeding and that was indistinguishable by observers from a call emitted when females appeared to be consoling young kits. Copulation was observed on 4 occasions during July in one pair of martens, and was typical of that described for Martes species in general. Two individual copulatory acts were timed and lasted 5 and 14.5 min, respectively. The female appeared to control the timing and duration of copulation and seemed in one instance to actively solicit the attention of the male.
I analyze and summarize the empirical evidence supporting alternative hypotheses posed to explain the evolution of rodent group-living. Eight hypotheses are considered: two rely on net fitness benefits to individuals, five rely on ecological and life-history constraints, and one uses elements of both. I expose the logic behind each hypothesis, identify its key predictions, examine how the available evidence on rodent socioecology supports or rejects its predictions, and identify some priorities for future research. I show that empirical support for most hypotheses is meager due to a lack of relevant studies. Also, empirical support for a particular hypothesis, when it exists, comes from studies of the same species used to formulate the original hypothesis. Two exceptions are the hypothesis that individual rodents live in groups to reduce their predation risk and the hypothesis that group-living was adopted by individuals to reduce their cost of thermoregulation. Finally, most hypotheses have been examined without regard to competing hypotheses and often in a restricted taxonomic context. This is clearly an unfortunate situation given that most competing hypotheses are not mutually exclusive. I suggest that in the future comparative approaches should be used. These studies should examine simultaneously the relevance of different benefits and constraints hypothesized to explain the evolution of rodent sociality.
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 15 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.