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Evolutionary changes in the ribbing density on body chambers in samples of the scaphitid ammonite Hoploscaphites constrictus (J. Sowerby, 1817) are used for time correlation of the Kazimierz Opoka (Late Maastrichtian, Belemnella kazimiroviensis Zone, Poland) with the Danish White Chalk succession. It is proposed that the upper part of the Kazimierz Opoka corresponds to the lower part of the B. kazimiroviensis Zone in Denmark while the lower part of the unit probably corresponds to the upper part of the Belemnitella junior Zone in Denmark. This correlation, if correct, suggests diachronism of the lower boundary of the B. kazimiroviensis Zone.
The end of the carbonate sedimentation of the Famennian Wocklumeria limestone in the Holy cross Mts and Sudetes coincides with the disappemance of a high-diversity warm-water assemblage of ammonoids and conodonts with elaborated platform elements. In replacement, a low diversity ammonoid community of Acutimitoceras prorsum and a thin-crown conodont Protognathodus fauna migrated to the afea. When carbonate sedimentation was re-established in the Tournaisian, the new high-diversity ammonoid and conodont faunas represented again almost the whole range of morphologies known from the Famennian. Migrations into the area from unknown sources dominated, with little contribution from the local phyletic evolution. This characteristic ammonoid-conodont community disappeared with the sea-level rise in the Siphonodella crenulata Zone, to emerge at the same time in the North American Midcontinent. The reverse direction of migrations marks the latest Tournaisian Scaliognathus anchoralis event. In yet another cycle of the late Viséan, the new high-diversity faunas were not able to develop as elaborate conch or platform element morphologies as before. In a review of the literature it is shown how the Variscan orogenic activity, progressing towards the Northeast, and glaciations in Gondwana influenced the distribution of late Carboniferous ammonoids in Poland. Conodont taxa Weyerognathus gen. n., Neopolygnathus sudeticus sp. n., and Siphonodella belkai sp. n. are proposed.
The upper Bathonian-lower Callovian ammonite fauna of Chacay Melehué was sampled through new exposures under close stratigraphic control. Two new faunal horizons are described: the Iniskinites gulisanoi horizon and the Iniskinites crassus horizon, lying in the lower and middle parts, respectively, of the Steinmanni Zone. The ammonite fauna contains some species not previously described: Choffatia aff. neumayri (Siemiradzki, 1899) [M&m], Iniskinites evolutus sp. n. [M], Iniskinites sp. A [M], Eurycephalites aff. gottschei (Tornquist, 1898) [M], Xenocephulites aff. neuquensis (Stehn, 1923) [m], and Xenocephalites sp. A [m]. Oxycerites tenuistriatus (de Grossouvre, 1888) is new for the Andean region. Several species are represented by large samples that allow descriptions and analyses to be made of the entire ontogeny and the characterization of the principal morphs within each species. It is then possible to propose sexual dimorphic correspondence between some nominal morphospecies. The successive species Lilloettia steinmanni (Spath, 1928), Eurycephalites gottschei (Tornquist, 1898), E. rotundus (Tornquist, 1898), and E. extremus (Tornquist, 1898) form a phyletic morphocline here interpreted as a mosaic heterochronocline.
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Aconeceras trautscholdi ammonitellae mass occurring in the Aptian of Symbirsk, central Russia represent consecutive calcification stages of the primary organic shell wall. Already after the formation of the organic shell with proseptum, the first whorl and umbilical walls of the initial chamber were calcified, then the remaining part of the initial chamber, and finally the nacreous primary constriction was formed and the proseptum was calcified. The original mineral participating in calcification was aragonite, which formed primary prismatic layers. The ammonite embryonic shell was thus formed similarly to the archaeogastropod larval shell. This explains the microstructural distinction of the ammonitella and proseptum walls with respect to the rest of the ammonite shell.
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Middle Triassic ammonoids from Silesia, Poland

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A description of new ammonoid specimens (Acrochordiceras aff. damesi, cf. Acrochordiceras sp. indet., Discoptychites cf. dux, ?Paraceratites sp., cf. Balatonites sp. indet., Beneckeia buchi) from the Lower Muschelkalk (Anisian, Middle Triassic) of Silesia (southern Poland) is presented. The detailed stratigraphic position of the new finds is given. The description is supplemented with a list of all species of ammonoids found hitherto in Silesia, which was a southern part of the Germanic Basin during the Anisian. Beneckeia and Noetlingites were typical of epicontinental seas and usually appeared in the early part of transgressions. Other ammonoids entered from the Tethys into the epicontinental sea of the Germanic Basin during the maxima of transgressions. Some of them (balatonitids, paraceratitids, bulogitids, Discoptychites and probably Acrochordiceras) were successful colonizers which established their own populations in the Germanic Basin and evolved towards morphologies typical of epicontinental seas. Other (Beyrichites sp., Paraceratites binodosus, and 'Trachyceras' sp.) are regarded as unsuccessful immigrants or empty shells drifted post-mortem from the Tethys.
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