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Wrażliwość Trichomonas vaginalis na wysychanie

75%
Twelve strains of T. vaginalis were tested for their sensitivity to dessication at room temperature. Each of them, in the quantity of 0.5 cm³ of 36 hrs old culture (containing 2.5 mln cells) was placed in 5 sterilized tubes containing 2:5 cm³ of: sterilized Roiron medium, urine, 0.9% NaCl, tap water and distilled water. After shaking, the suspension of Trichomonas of each tube in the quantity of 0.15 cm³ was placed on depression slides. The slides were then placed in sterilized, not tightly covered Petri dishes, which were kept at room temperature. The suspension of 3 slides was examined under microscope and inoculated on Roiron medium prior to complete dessication. The same procedure was followed with respect to the fourth slide but only after the suspension had, dried. The suspension remaining in the tube (2.4 cm³) served as control. The experiment showed that in a drop of 0.9% NaCl, urine and Roiron medium, Trichomonas remains active for 120 min. When transferred to Roiron medium within that time, Trichomonas reproduces in a normal way which was not observed after a transfer from the suspension dried up. In a drop of water Trichomonas loses its ability to reproduce within a time shorter than 120 min. The results speak in favour of a possibility of a non-sexual infection with Trichomonas.
Using of fresh slides and culture T. vaginalis was found in 1094 persons (3.20%). It has been seen the morhpological differentiation of T. vaginalis connected with the age, physiological state of macroorganisms and the clinic picture of trichomoniasis. In vivo, the spheroidal as well as ameboidal forms of T. vaginalis were observed. The latter ones, characteristic in acute trichomoniasis, were often seen in pregnant women. On the other hand, nonmobile round-shaped forms of T. vaginalis occurred in vaginal contents of girls, women in child-bed and old (5 years after menopause) women. It seems, that morphologicaly variability of T. vaginalis depends on changes of specific environment of human vagina, which is very sensitive to hormon responses. It may be considered as adaptation of parasite to different biological conditions of vaginal environment.
Three cases of prostatitis caused by the invasion of T. vaginalis and C. albicans which has been found in different biological materials were described. After per rectum examination perineum biopsy of prostata was performed in all patients; in histopathological preparations painting at the inflammed reaction of that gland the fungi were detected. Also, the same microorganisms were proved in sexual partners of those patients but multifocal invasion of C. albicans - including genital and urinary organs, mouth and alimentary tract - also in members of their family.
Mammalian serum is essential for the growth of Giardia duodenalis cultivated under axenic conditions. Unfortunately, some factors present in bovine serum used as supplement in the culture medium may inhibit protozoal growth and activity. TYI-33-PACSR is a TYI medium supplemented with a serum replacement (PACSR) made up of Earle’s amino acid solution, Diamond’s vitamin-tween 80 mixtures and LCR (a lipid-cholesterol — rich mixture). PACSR was previously used in the culture media for axenic cultivation of Entamoeba histolytica and Trichomonas vaginalis. The main objective of this work was to demonstrate that TYI-33-PACSR is useful for axenic cultivation of G. duodenalis. Additionally, the activity of phospholipase A2 (PLA A2) in the sub-cellular vesicular fraction (P30) of G. duodenalis grown in TYI-S-33 and TYI-33-PACSR was compared. All strains of Giardia grown in TYI-33-PACSR reached relative cellular densities of 91 to 95% compared to controls growing in serum-supplemented TYI-S-33 medium. Additionally, PLA A2 activity was similar in the P30 sub-cellular fraction obtained from trophozoites growing in TYI-S-33 and TYI-33-PACSR. Thus, TYI-33-PACSR could be useful in analyzing the biological properties of G. duodenalis in the absence of serum.
Trichomonas vaginalis was incubated with bacteria for 30 min. After centrifugation of Staphylococcus aureus, incubation of T. vaginalis was continued for 40 min., 120 min. and 6 hrs. It was found that bacteria have been intensively phagocytated through whole surface of protozoan. Phagosome with bacteria at different stages of degradation, up to defecation of undigested residues were observed. It was observed that some bacteria, apparently not susceptible to digestion, were immersed directly in cytoplasm (outside vacuoles).
Estimation of virulence of T. vaginalis strains injected subcutaneously to mice was done. T. vaginalis strains were obtained from the urinogenital tracts of patients with different clinical forms of trichomonosis. The virulence of T. vaginalis strains measured by infiltration size was found to depend upon a clinical form of trichomonosis. It was moreover shown that the cutaneous infiltration size is proportional to a dose of Trichomonas administered subcutaneously. Histopathological analysis of cutaneous infiltration itself is not decisive as to the strains virulence, yet in addition to macroscopic examination it may be a criterium in the studies on strain pathogenicity.
It has been shown that glycoprotein and polysaccharide fractions obtained from T. vaginalis cells can be employed as antigens in serodiagnosis of trichomonosis. This refers especially to the polysaccharide fraction because of its easy availability, solubility in aqueous solutions, high diagnostic specificity and sensitivity. It has been stated that the diagnostic value of polysaccharide antigen of T. vaginalis, in occult trichomonosis in men particularly, is higher than the effect of the secretion examination by means of culture, even after the prostatic gland massage.
Sexually transmitted diseases are a major cause of acute disease worldwide, and trichomoniasis is the most common and curable disease, generating more than 170 million cases annually worldwide. Trichomonas vaginalis is the causal agent of trichomoniasis and has the ability to destroy in vitro cell monolayers of the vaginal mucosa, where the phospholipases A2 (PLA2) have been reported as potential virulence factors. These enzymes have been partially characterized from the subcellular fraction S30 of pathogenic T. vaginalis strains. The main objective of this study was to purify a phospholipase A2 from T. vaginalis, make a partial characterization, obtain a partial amino acid sequence, and determine its enzymatic participation as hemolytic factor causing lysis of erythrocytes. Trichomonas S30, RF30 and UFF30 sub-fractions from GT-15 strain have the capacity to hydrolyze [2-14C-PA]-PC at pH 6.0. Proteins from the UFF30 sub-fraction were separated by affinity chromatography into two eluted fractions with detectable PLA A2 activity. The EDTA-eluted fraction was analyzed by HPLC using on-line HPLC-tandem mass spectrometry and two protein peaks were observed at 8.2 and 13 kDa. Peptide sequences were identified from the proteins present in the eluted EDTA UFF30 fraction; bioinformatic analysis using Protein Link Global Server charged with T. vaginalis protein database suggests that eluted peptides correspond a putative ubiquitin protein in the 8.2 kDa fraction and a phospholipase preserved in the 13 kDa fraction. The EDTA-eluted fraction hydrolyzed [2-14C-PA]-PC lyses erythrocytes from Sprague-Dawley in a time and dose-dependent manner. The acidic hemolytic activity decreased by 84% with the addition of 100 μM of Rosenthal’s inhibitor.
The research was done in the dermatological laboratory of Bytom Hospital No 2 in the years 1979-1983. 31 842 women were examined at the age 16 to 82. Samples were taken from urethra and neck of the uterus with sterylized oese. Both direct slides in 0,9 % NaCl solution and permanent slides were made. The latter were dyed by means of Gram's method in order to establish identity of C. albicans and by means of Giemsa's method to identity T. vaginalis. During 5 years the cases of trichomonadosis and candidosis recorded in the years of 1982 and 1983 were the most numerous. Seasonal fluctuation of trichomonadosis in 1980 and 1983 years and of candidosis in 1970, 1980, 1983 are also presented.
Swabs of the genito-urinary tract of 638 women were taken and subsequently examined with the use of the latex agglutination test (LAT). The results were compared with wet mounts and cultures. The sensitivity of these methods were: 98, 30.7, and 46.1; the specifity: 99.8, 100, and 100; the usefulness: 99.5, 94.4, and 95.6, respectively. In acute trichomonosis the results of LAT and the conventional methods were almost identical but in the chronic and asymptomatic forms of the disease, the results obtained with the use of LAT were better whereas the conventional methods were of little significance. Any cross-reactivity of specific anti- Trichomonas vaginalis immunoglobulin G was observed neither between the antigens of fungi from the genus Candida nor between bacteria. Quantitative analysis of this new test indicates that the use of the latex reagent prepared in our laboratory makes it possible to detect the soluble T. vaginalis antigens in concentration of 50 ng/ml. Our results indicate that as a very sensitive and specific test, LAT can be useful in the diagnosis of asymptomatic trichomonosis when the microscopic examination and culture are ineffective.
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