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Wegorczyca [Strongyloidosis]. Cz.6.Modele zwierzece

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Animal models (rat, mous, dog and monkey) being used in comparative investigations on immunobiology, pathology, clinical manifestations and treatment ot human atrongyloidosis were presented.
The formation of Strongyloides stercoralis infections in the tropical countries and in the temperate climatic zone, with special attention to the factors and the high risk groups, were described. The concurrent infections, prevention and control of strongyloidosis was also presented.
Strongyloidosis. Part VIII. Parasitological diagnosis. The effectiveness and safety of the methods of detecting Strongyloides stercoralis, by passing larvae from the faeces to water, in duodenal fluid (duodenal intubation, Enterotest), in sputum and other body fluids, have been estimated. The author recommend Baermann technique for detecting S. stercoralis in individual examinations and Dancescu technique in mass field examinations. The detection of S. stercoralis larvae by the two methods ought to be checked by Fülleborn agar Petri dish technique in order to identify parasite to the species level.
The discovery of Strongyloides stercoralis, a parasite of human gastrointestinal system and lungs, was presented from the historical point of view. The sequence of achievements, in regard of explanation of the parasite's life cycle, determining its ways and invasion sites and discovering a different kind of autoinfection in strongyloidosis cycle, was described.
The source of invasion of Strongyloides stercoralis and the routes of transmission strongyloidosis were presented. The survival, development and behavior forms parasitic and free-living generation of S. stercoralis in soil and host was also described.
General data in the world of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in human hosts, were presented. In addition, particular distribution of parasite in Asia, Oceania, Australia and America were described.
The role of specific, non-specific cellular and humoral immunity in different clinical forms of strongyloidosis is discussed. The role of immunosuppression in the immunocompromised patients with disseminated strongyloidosis is also given.
The life cycle of parasitic and free-living generation of Strongyloides stercoralis were described. Factors influencing development of parasitic and free-living generations of S. stercoralis were also described.
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Pathogenesis and pathology of alimentary system of man infected with Strongyloides stercoralis are shown. Allergic, macroscopic lesions of duodenal, small and large intestinal walls, existing in different clinical strongyloidosis types are discussed. The role of endoautoinfection in the course of strongyloidosis in the immunocompromised patients with fatal disseminated strongyloidosis is shown. In disseminated strongyloidosis lesions include stomach, liver and rarely pancreas. Pathogenesis of macroscopic and microscopic lesions in respiratory, circulatory and central nervous systems of a man infected with Strongyloides stercoralis, mainly in the course of fatal disseminated strongyloidosis, is shown. Rare cases of presence of parasite filariform larvae in urinary tract, reproductive system, and other organs are also given.
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Wegorczyca [Strongyloidosis] - przypadek kliniczny

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A case of Strongyloides stercoralis infection was described.
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Wegorczyca [strongyloidosis]. Cz.9. Leczenie

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Strongyloidosis. Part IX. Treatment. The treatment of chronic and massive (uncomplicated) and severe (complicated) disseminated srrongyloidosis, was presented from the historical point of view. The sequence of achievements in regard of treatment of the gentian violet, dithiazine iodide, benzimidazoles (thiabendazole, mebendazole, albendazole, cambendazole), ivermectin and cyclosporin A, was described. The recommendations for treatmenl of strongyloidosis are also given.
The distribution of Strongyloides stercoralis infection in human host in Africa and Europe were described.
Specific, recurrent, tortuous or linear serpiginicus urticarial rash and nonspecific, stationary urticarial skin lesions appearing during infection with Strongyloides stercoralis and concomitant clinical manifestations in human were presented. Pathognomic form of larva currens in primary infection with S. stercoralis and in already allergic host during exoautoinfection of the parasite, and similar skin lesions appearing during the endoautoinfection but without the presence of S. stercoralis larvae in skin were described. Nonspecific urticarias were set against the pathognostic lesions.
Strongyloidiasis frequently causes chronic asymptomatic disease in the gastrointestinal tract. Saliva samples have been recommended for antibody detection due to the ease of acquisition, non-invasive collection, and low risk of infection to the laboratory technicians. The present study was elaborated to examine the potential effectiveness of saliva samples for the detection of strongyloidiasis. A total of 118 paired human serum and saliva samples were analyzed to detect IgA and IgG anti- Strongyloides by the IFAT and ELISA using Strongyloides ratti antigen. By IFAT 54.2% of serum samples and 72.9% of salivary samples were specific IgA positive, while IgG positivity was 70.9% in serum and 33.3% in saliva samples. In ELISA, the positivity for serum IgA was 66.7% and 45.8% for salivary IgA, whereas specific IgG positivity was 77.1% in serum and 29.2% in saliva. It was concluded that IFAT, to detect specific IgA in saliva, and ELISA, to detect specific serum IgG, may be the more useful tests. Saliva can thus be used as an alternative fluid, in the application of IFAT, for strongyloidiasis identification.
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