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Pelage color variants have been documented in some small mammals, but there is not any reported about coat color variation in shrews. Here, pelage color variants of the two sibling species (Sorex cylindricauda and Sorex bedfordiae) were uncovered in different sampling sites. Our data may initiate new interest to pelage color variants in small mammals. Furthermore, the classification of two striped shrews has been controversial for several decades. We conducted a detailed examination of the morphometric characters for the two sibling shrews. Significant differences between the two species morphologically confirmed the two-species classification status.
The small mammal species were investigated in the urbanized environment of Nitra city (Slovakia) in a multiscale-approach: at habitat level and at landscape level (urban-rural gradient). Continuous comprehensive rodent samplings from 2012 to 2015 were conducted in ten study sites, classified into three urban zones (landscape level). The total effort comprised 1,250 specimens of 13 species (Microtus arvalis, Apodemus sylvaticus, A. flavicollis, A. uralensis, Clethrionomys (Myodes) glareolus, M. subterraneus, Micromys minutes, Mus spicilegus, M. musculus, Crocidura suaveolens, C. leucodon, Sorex araneus, S. minutus) gathered in 14950 trapxnights. Environmental variables (habitat level) at each site were processed in the Geographical Information System as a proportion of landscape units around the trapping line and by a phytosociological survey. At the habitat level, we found a relationship between the landscape habitat structure and each species of small mammals. Diversity, species richness and relative abundance of small mammals decreased with the density of the built-up area. At landscape level, urban zones had a significant influence on species diversity, richness and relative abundance of small mammal populations. On the other hand, the presence of small mammal species precisely determined the urban zones, where we identified seven indicative species.
The earliest Oligocene faunas of Europe are characterised by a large number of Asian immigrants. One of the classical sites that shows the faunal change after this so−called “Grande Coupure” is Hoogbutsel in Belgium (MP 21). Recently a new locality from the lowermost Oligocene was discovered in Belgium, Boutersem TGV. Here, we describe a new heterosoricid (Mammalia, Soricomorpha), Belgicasorex ramboeri gen. et sp. nov., from these lowermost Oligocene localities. We assume that, like the erinaceid Tetracus nanus Aymard, 1846 and the nyctitheriid Oligonyctia hoffmani Smith, 2004, Belgicasorex ramboeri was one of the Asian immigrants that entered Europe after the “Grande Coupure”.
Sylwan
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2015
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tom 159
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nr 06
Beavers activity i.e. dam building, burrows and canals digging and foraging, radically changes the environment at both abiotic and biotic level. The consequences of beavers activity for other organisms are visible mainly through changes in their habitats. Such changes influence the number, species composition and species diversity of numerous flora and fauna species. One group of species that also may be influenced by beavers activity are small mammals (Rodentia and Soricimorpha). In Bieszczadzki and Magurski National Parks (southern Poland), small mammals community has not been studied at beaver sites yet. The aim of this study was to determine species composition, species diversity, and the relative abundance of small mammals at beaver sites, comparing to sections of the stream not inhabited by beavers (control sites). Small mammals were captured in three types of habitats – meadow, forest and riparian woodlots. Transects with live−traps were set there within beaver and control sites. Captures were conducted from one to three times annually, during 2−3 consecutive years. Total trapping effort amounted to 2540 trapdays. It was found that species composition, species diversity, and also the relative abundance of small mammals did not differ significantly between beaver and control sites. Only M. agrestis had significantly higher share in the community at the beaver sites. In mountain conditions, the presence of beaver sites probably does not affect the communities and abundance of small mammals significantly.
W latach 1995-2014 w celu rozpoznania składu gatunkowego drobnych ssaków na obszarze Parku Narodowego Ujście Warty i terenów przyległych prowadzono badania za pomocą następujących metod: (1) odłowów w pułapki żywołowne na 18 stanowiskach, (2) analizy pokarmu norki amerykańskiej Neovison vison i szopa pracza Procyon lotor z terenu zalewowego Parku Narodowego (położonego w międzywalu Warty), (3) analizy pokarmu płomykówki Tyto alba z 7 stanowisk, (4) obserwacji oraz danych od innych osób. Łącznie stwierdzono 17 gatunków (5 z rzędu ryjówko-kształtnych Soricomorpha i 12 z rzędu gryzoni Rodentia). We wszystkich siedliskach wilgotnych obserwowano nornika północnego Microtus oeconomus, karczownika Arvicola amphibius, ryjówkę malutką Sorex minutus i rzęsorka rzeczka Neomys fodiens. Rzadko stwierdzano zębiełka karliczka Crocidura suaveolens i nornika burego Microtus agrestis. Wykazany skład gatunkowy jest charakterystyczny dla dolin rzecznych i zbliżony do występującego na innych obszarach o podobnym charakterze np. doliny Biebrzy.
Analyses of tawny owl pellets were used to determine the species composition and distribution of small mammals in Kampinos National Park and its protection zone (central Poland). The total material collected from 58 localities contained the remains of 11,235 vertebrates (including 8,335 mammals). The study revealed 29 species of small mammals of the following orders: Soricomorpha - 4, Chiroptera - 9, Rodentia - 14, Lagomorpha - 1 and Carnivora - 1. These included two bat species of special interest (Myotis myotis and Barbastella barbastellus) listed in the 2nd Annex to the Habitats Directive of the European Union. Muscardinus avellanarius, a rodent typical of broad-leaved woodland, appeared to be relatively common and abundant in suitable habitats. Species inhabiting wet habitats, Microtus oeconomus and Neomys fodiens, were found in many localities, whereas Arvicola amphibius was rarer and less abundant. Some important refuges of small mammals were found, mostly in strictly protected areas. Although the studies conducted to date in this area likely reveal a complete list of small species of Soricomorpha and Rodentia, it is possible that 3-5 species of Chiroptera and 2 small species of Carnivora may remain to be identified.
We used geographic ranges of North American shrews and environmental data to better understand spatial distribution of species richness in the Soricidae. Richness was examined as a function of latitude and longitude and was compared with climatic variables at random points (≥90 km apart). Latitudinal trend in richness was parabolic with a maximum near 48°N, consistent with the general hypothesis that diversity is limited by energy to the north and by moisture to the south. Precipitation, snowfall, and July heating degree days were positively related to shrew richness. Richness of North American Soricidae was high in areas where topographic relief allowed for a variety of forested habitats and precipitation was high, such as the Southern Appalachians and Pacific Northwest. This broad, geographic study supports the idea that environmental moisture importantly limits distributions of shrews, which has been suggested by much autecological work in this group .
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