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Authors discuss the occurrence of dragonflies in the Kampinos National Park and its buffering zone which are also protected as Biosphere Reserve “Kampinos Forest”. The center of the reserve is the Kampinos Forest, the largest compact forest complex in Central Poland. The data on dragonflies of the biosphere reserve is in 21 papers which encompass in general 41 species (37 from the park and 25 from its buffering zone). The authors’ data discussed in this paper concerns 49 species. 12 species in the biosphere reserve, 12 species in the national park and 7 species in the buffering zone have been found for the first time. In total, 53 dragonfly species were recorded in the study area. In the Kampinos National Park 49 species of dragonflies were found. This number is high, however, on the vast areas of the park, poorly diversified odonatocoenoses typical of small water bodies and fens formed by common eurytopes are dominating. Stenotopes with special care species among them are known from a few dispersed sites. The most valuable is Coenagrion armatum, however, it has not been found for 17 years and its current status is unknown. The park is also a “hot-spot” of species richness of dragonflies as well as the refugium of tyrphophilous fauna with its most valuable representative Nehalennia speciosa, which is associated with the only well preserved Sphagnum peat bog (Długie Bagno). This is one of a few sites of this species of Central Poland. The area of the park requires further studies, especially on Długie Bagno which has only initial and fragmentary data. Large part of the Kampinos National Park are derelict lands on which the processes of renaturation are still ongoing. In addition, vast fens have been almost entirely drained. As a result, the leading role in the maintenance of species richness of dragonflies play anthropogenic waters – especially canals and large artificial water bodies. These habitats are more labile than natural ones, prone to succession and disturbances. The authors recommend their monitoring and, if necessary, interference in their succession and renaturation. In the buffering zone of the Kampinos National Park 32 dragonfly species have been recorded so far. More or less complete data refers only to the Vistula River, where well preserved odonatocoenoses typical of large and medium-sized lowland rivers were found. Southern and western part of the buffering zone is not interesting, subjected to strong anthropic pressure, and characterized by low diversity of water habitats. However, the western part (with the valley of the River Bzura) and northern part (with the Vistula River), encompassing flood areas and interesting oxbow lakes (with Aeshna viridis among others), cankeep valuable and diversified assemblages of dragonflies. The authors point to the urgent need for their evaluation.
On 8 July, 2012, a single male of Nehalennia speciosa has been found within the borders of Kampinos National Park in Poland, the Masovian voivodeship (52°19’10” N, 20°45’18” E, UTM: DC89). The individual was found in a habitat uncharacteristic for the species. The vegetation of the observation site consisted of young Scots Pines and Heather, growing on poor soils of sand dunes, with no water bodies, wetlands or peat bogs nearby. There is only one other site of this species currently known in the Kampinos National Park.
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