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In this study the suitability of various feeds in mass rearing of burbot Lota lota (L.) larvae under controlled conditions was determined. During the rearing the fish were fed with: artificial fodder, live Artemia nauplii and decapsulated cysts of artemia. The experiment continued for 20 days and it was conducted from hatching of the larvae. The initial density of fish during rearing was 1000 individuals dm⁻³. Rearing water temperature was set at 12℃. The parameters such as: average body length and height of the larvae and survival after completion of rearing period, were recorded. The Artemia nauplii proved the most suitable for feeding burbot larvae during the initial rearing. Additionally, high mortality of larvae was recorded during the period of filling the swim bladder.
The growth and survival of burbot Lota lota (L.) larvae reared from the first feeding on freshly hatched Artemia franciscana nauplii at 12, 15, 18, 21, and 24ºC was compared in a 20-day experiment. Nauplii of the commercial strain Artemia proved to be an excellent start diet for L. lota larvae. The best fish growth was found at 21ºC where they attained a final average total length of 14.4 mm and an average body weight of 37.1 mg. The highest final survival rates of 90 and 92% were recorded at 12 and 15ºC, respectively. At all higher water temperatures, larval final survival rates were significantly lower, with the minimum value of 41% at 24ºC. In light of these results, it is evident that either temperatures lower or higher than 21ºC are outside of the optimal range for L. lota larvae as they produce relatively slow growth or poor survival or both.
Background. Burbot, Lota lota (L.), is a freshwater fish that is related to the marine family Gadidae. Its distribution is widespread in northern Canada. This species is not fished commercially at present. The high content of vitamin A and vitamin D in burbot liver oil was first reported in 1930. Since that time, there have been little or no research studies made on the nutritional components of burbot liver oil. The present study was aimed to assess the key nutritional components present in liver oil isolated from burbot caught in two northern Canadian lakes. Materials and Methods. Liver oil extracted from liver isolated from burbot caught in two northern Canadian lakes was tested for n-3 fatty acids and fat-soluble vitamins. Thermal stability of the liver oil was also evaluated. Burbot tissue was also analyzed for comparison purposes. Results. The contents of n-3 fatty acids, vitamin A and vitamin D of burbot liver oil were found to be comparable to those of the (reference) cod liver oil. Vitamin K content was discovered to be surprisingly high in comparison to known leafy green vegetable food sources. Conclusion. Burbot liver oil could provide a single source of dietary supplement of n-3 fatty acids, vitamin A, vitamin D, and vitamin K to meet the daily recommended nutritional allowances.
Growth, survival, condition (Fulton's coefficient) and biological quality (salinity stress test) were compared in 2-month-old burbot (20 mg BW, 10.9 mm TL) reared at 12,15,18, and 21°C. At 15°C, the fish showed the best growth in BW and TL (170 mg and 24.5 mm, respectively), and the highest final survival rate (97%), whereas their condition coefficient and tolerance to salinity proved to be the second best. This may indicate that a temperature of 15°C should be used for the practical purposes of juvenile burbot mass production under controlled conditions.
The nematode Comephoronema oschmarini Trofimenko, 1974 (Cystidicolidae) was found in the stomach of the burbot Lota lota (Linnaeus) of Lake Geneva, Savoy, France, collected on 23 March 2000 [prevalence 60% (3/5); intensity of infection 2–66 (mean 35)]. This material made it possible to study in detail the morphology of this so far little-known parasite, using both light and scanning electron microscopy (the latter not previously used for this species). The SEM examination showed taxonomically important morphological features, not previously reported, including the presence of distinct terminal pseudolabial projections (protuberances), four submedian labia, four bilobed submedian sublabia, and only four cephalic papillae. Deirids were found to be bifurcated. A description of the true arrangement of the two last pairs of minute caudal papillae and phasmids in the male is given. Species of Compehoronema Layman, 1933 are considered to be closely related to those of Ascarophis van Beneden, 1871. A key to valid species of Comephoronema is provided.
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