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The National Programme of Forest Cover Increasing, adopted by the Council of Ministers in 1995, needs tobe modified. The main directions of changes in this programme, estimation of land area for afforestation supply in short (until 2005) and long period of time (until 2020), revised methodology of commune categorization in terms of afforestation needs and preferences, are presented in the paper. The work includes results of questionnaire studies on land demand for afforestation.
4
88%
Sylwan
|
2001
|
tom 145
|
nr 03
15-26
Opracowanie Krajowego Programu Zwiększania Lesistości spowodowało konieczność dostosowania dokumentów prawnych (ustaw) z zakresu leśnictwa i planowania przestrzennego odnośnie procedur związanych z przeznaczaniem gruntów do zalesienia. W pracy opisano etapy KPZL, instrumenty prawne dotyczące procedury zwiększania lesistości, a także szczegółowo przeanalizowano regulacje i procedury prawne związane z zalesianiem gruntów. Wskazano niespójności przepisów, dwutorowość działań i ich konsekwencje.
A great progress of studies on the importance of landscape structure for control of environmental threats provides the grounds to its management enabling the optimization of productivity with protective functions. Shelterbelts may create very efficient means for environment protection where profits from agricultural activities are substantial and arable land is in large demand. The network of shelterbelts will play environmental protection functions similarly to a forest but covering much smaller area. Solving the problem if a given area should be afforested or mid-field shelterbelts ought to be introduced will depend on arable land valorisation. Choice of valorisation indices ought to characterize the three fundamental pillars of sustainable development: economy, ecology and social needs. The quality of land should be considered as well as environmental threats together with economical conditions and citizen standard of living. Forming of diversified agricultural landscape structure e.g. by means of shelterbelt introduction increases resistance to threats and simultaneously permits maintenance of production at the level ensuring gains. Although there are some legal ways of financing afforestations, introduction of shelterbelts has not found clearly defined ways of financing yet. The successful introduction of mid-field shelterbelts into the space planing will require legal regulations with indication the resort responsible for those activities; possible the best solution will be Ministry of Environment coordinating shelterbelt management, similarly to proposal stated on the National Programme of Afforestation Increase. The programme stressed that shelterbelts can substitute the forest, but did not launch legal ways for its financing. One can suppose that strongly emphasized principles of sustainable development in the Constitution of the Republic of Poland as well as in the Second National Ecological Policy, what is also expressed in the policy of European Union supporting sustainable development, will result in the executive acceptance of the mid-field shelterbelt programme.
The organizing problems connected with the afforestation of non-cultivated post-farmland both, the state-owned and private ones, were discussed. Hitherto existing range of the afforestation having been realized within 1947-2000 is presented and - against that background - the assumptions of the National Programme of Afforestation Development for the years 1995-2020 are proposed. Elementary costs of the forest planting were analysed and the expenditures for this purpose, born by the State Forests as well as the share of national treasury, the National Fund of Environment Protection and Water Management, the Ecofund and the other sources, were pointed out. The sources of financing afforestation completed by the land owners (individual farmers) were also mentioned. The diversity of economic aspects involved in the development of afforestation programme in Poland were emphasized.
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