Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 27

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Wyszukiwano:
w słowach kluczowych:  Coenagrionidae
help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
So far it has been regarded that Ischnura spp. is univoltine species in Poland. In 2010 the situations pointing out the emergence of the second generations were observed. In 2011 the studies designed to provide this evidence were conducted. A new and isolated pond (2x2 m, depth to 40 cm) was created in March in order to eliminate the possibility of the emergence of the first generation. It was situated near two shallow water bodies where in 2010 the larvae of Ischnura pumilio were found. In 2011 dynamics of the population in the new pond, two near shallow water bodies as well as in one large and deep water body were studied. The results confirmed the second generations of both species in the new pond and two shallow water bodies in its vicinities. Data from the large and deep water body did not confirm the emergence of the second generation of Ischnura elegans but also did not deny it. Metamorphoses lasted from the beginning of May till the end of August, with the peak in the second half of May. The time of larval development could be elongated by different water temperature than in small water bodies. However, the length of the development in experimental conditions at the temperature of 20–27°C is 60–70 days, and these temperatures prevailed for most of the season in the shore zone of this water body. Therefore, one can not exclude the possibility of development of the second generation in it – especially that it would explain the period of metamorphoses lasting up to four months. The full development of the second generation of Ischnura pumilio in the dug up pond lasted up to 60 days. This is the shortest development time found in the wild in Central Europe, similar to that of the development of I. pumilio in southern France, and the data from the breeding of other species of the genus (I. verticalis – 58 days, I. elegans – 60–70 days). The time of full development of the second generation of I. elegans in this water body was up to about 100 days. However, this water body was colonized by I. elegans reluctantly and the result may be unrepresentative. The time of development of the second generation of I. elegans may be much shorter, as indicated by the population dynamics in a shallow water body situated near the dug up pond. Data obtained during the research and a number of late records of I. pumilio indicate that the occurrence of the second generation of this species does not belong in Poland to rare exceptions. The arrangement of late records rather indicates the possibility of the emergence of the second generation in a large distribution area of the species in the country. Few observations of individual juveniles of I. pumilio in the half of September, and in one case 17 days after the record of the last juvenile specimen at the site, indicate the real probability of the emergence of even the part of the individuals of the third generation which requires further study.
The Pygmy Damselfly Nehalennia speciosa inhabits mainly small natural water bodies with the area less than 1 ha, great amount of mud sedge Carex limosa and slender sedge Carex lasiocarpa as well as submerged vegetation. In Poland, 75 sites of this species have been discovered so far of which 44 are regarded as contemporary. In the Tricity Landscape Park, the Pygmy Damselfly was discovered for the first time in July 2006 at the site about 1,1 km NE away from Kamień in the commune of Szemud (Konopko 2007). The next site was discovered in July 2009, in a peat bog bordered from NE with Zawiat Lake situated in the vicinity of Bieszkowice, in the commune of Wejherowo. The central point of the peat bog is a dystrophic water body with the Sphagnum moss matt separated from the lake by 90 meter- width belt of Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetum sylvestris Kleist 1929 bog woodland. The Pygmy Damselflies are present in Carex limosa swamp. The population is small; the highest number of individuals was 70. During earlier studies this species was not found in the peat bog. The colonization of this site was probably made before our eyes. Except for the Pygmy Damselfly, 32 dragonfly species were observed in the peat bog in which four of them are under protection: Aeshna subarctica, Leucorrhinia albifrons, L. caudalis and L. pectoralis. In the future, in the area of the peat bog, the forming of the nature reserve called „Bieszkowickie Moczary” is planned, however, nowadays the steps for establishing the second refuge for the Pygmy Damselfy in the area of the Tricity Landscape Park are taken.
Coenagrion armatum is a Siberian species whose south-western boundary of its distribution area goes through Poland. Formerly, it passed through the western part of the country. In the last 30–40 years it moped back ca. 300 km due to climatic and anthropogenic environmental changes. Currently, it runs through eastern regions – its putative form is shown on Fig. 1. The authors give five new sites of the species (Fig. 1). Breeding populations are probably at sites 1–3 (good habitat conditions, usually the large numbers of imagines) and less likely at site 5 (a water body partially dries out). In Puławy (site 4) a single imago was recorded in an unusual environment (a river slope), however, the complexes of water bodies in the valleys of the River Kurówka and Wisła are located nearby. The sites 4 and 5 are the first known from over 10 years in Poland which are located to the west of 22°N. They confirm the hypothesis of Bernard at al. (2009) about the existence of scattered relict populations outside this line. Probably there are more of them but a short and early flight period of C. armatum is the cause of its overlooking in faunistic studies. Nevertheless, the sites 1–3 are important because they confirm the form of the current species distribution area which was determined approximately due to the lack of precise data. The authors suggest the evaluation program as well as passive and active protection of C. armatum. It would be particularly important due to the regress and strong threats of the species in the neighbouring countries of Poland from the west and south – Poland is an important refugium of this species in Central Europe.
The paper discusses the records of 10 new sites of Nehalennia speciosa in eastcentral Poland. Sites 4–6 and 7 are located in the landscape more or less agriculturally transformed converted and do not have continuous forest buffering zone. In Poland, the habitat of N. speciosa without the typical continuous forest buffering zone have been previously known only from a few sites so far. Data in this study indicates that their number is probably higher in Poland than previously thought. A relatively low trophy of peat bog and pools despite the agricultural use of their catchment area probably results from the presence of aeolian/poor fluvioglacial sands in the ground. Identified habitats of N. speciosa mostly refer to acidic fens with abundant Sphagnum (sites 1–3, 5, 7, 10), and acidic fens without or small amount of Sphagnum (sites 4, 6, 8, 9). Particular fragments of habitats occupied by N. speciosa were situated near open surface of water bodies (sites 1, 3, 4, and probably a few more) as well as far from the influence of water bodies, as a shallow flooded peat bog (sites 2, 5, 6–10 and probably at others at some places). Water bodies at sites 1–3, 6, 7 and probably 5 had peat excavation origins. Formations of helophytes inhabited by N. speciosa (with probable or confirmed larval development) can be divided into two groups – monospecies formations: Juncus effusus (sites 3, 4, 5, 10), Carex rostrata (sites 1, 4), Carex elata (sites 6, 9), Carex lasiocarpa (site 6), Carex vesicaria (site 9); and mixed ones (where space structure is formed by two helophyte species): J. effusus + C. rostrata (sites 2, 4), J. effusus + C. vesicaria (site 10), C. elata + C. lasiocarpa (sites 6, 9), C. lasiocarpa + J. effusus (site 7), C. rostrata + C. lasiocarpa (site 2), C. lasiocarpa + Eriophorum angustifolium (site 8). The formation of J. effusus with larval development has been found for the first time in Poland. C. elata as the leading plant element was known so far only from two sites discovered after 2009 as well as C. vesicaria. Data in this paper and other recent records of N. speciosa in oldglacial areas show that the elements different than Carex limosa/lasiocarpa are more often inhabited in Poland than it was given in older data. Secondary habitats as well seem to be inhabited more often. The occurrence of imagines was also found within shallow and temporarily flooded marginal zones of peat bogs; at site 3 also at land. Larval development was not found in those zones. Vegetation used by imagines at the discussed marginal zones consisted of J. effusus, Eriophorum vaginatum, Carex canescens, however, mainly: Molinia caerulea, Glyceria fluitans as well as short grass unidentified to the species level. At sites 1–3, 4, 9, imagines at marginal zones occurred at higher densities than in the zones of larval development (maximum: up to 20 individuals per 1 m2 at site 3). Perhaps it is caused by favourable microclimatic conditions at temporarily flooded marginal zones as well as the presence of suitable structure of vegetation. Dispersion of imagines towards the marginal zones is in several cases certainly enhanced by the increase in water level, which causes thinning of vegetation on the actual surface of the peat bog (where larval development takes place) and shallow flooding of vegetation in the marginal zone. It is possible that the dispersion towards the marginal zones may be increased at sites 3 and 4 by not entirely suitable spatial structure of swaps of J. effusus in the development zones. Existence of imagines aside of larval habitats may occur more frequently than it was suggested by previous data, especially in habitats with greater fluctuations of water level.
Coenagrion armatum is a critically en- dangered species in Poland which has been vanishing in the western part of the country. Its refuge is eastern borderland, however, no contemporary existing populations have been found from the northern part of this area so far. The author gives the description of the first site of C. armatum known from Polish part of the Lithuanian Lake District: Lake Gulberek NE from Wiżajny (54°23 ’44” N, 22°55’26” E, 220 m. a.s.l., UTM: FF22).
Coenagrion armatum (CHARPENTIER, 1840) belongs to the critically endangered species in Poland. The main reasons for its regress are: drying out the habitats due to the climate and anthropopression as well as eutrophisation and the changes of space structure and species composition of veg- etation associated with this (BERNARD et al. 2009). The number of sites of this species in Poland is underestimated (BUCZYŃSKI et al. 2011). In this paper there are two new records of C. armatum from the southern Podlasie and the eastern Masovia, with giving co-occurring dragon*y species (* – native species undergoing the whole development cycle, # – probably native species). The site nr. 3 is situated outside the presumed range of the occurrence (BERNARD et al. 2009). This is the ;rst record of the species after several years in Masovia (TOŃCZYK et al. 1998) and the third record to the west of 22°E after 2002 (BUCZYŃSKI et al. 2011; SAMOLĄG 2002). In the light of the last records about Dark Bluet in Puławy and Jabłonów (BUCZYŃSKI et al. 2011), the record in Masovia shows that there are more sites outside the presumed range of the occurrence and the lack of data is the result of not only the rarity of the occur- rence itself but also the lack of directed searches. The sites 1–2 probably dry out in the periods of low level of ground waters. The records of this species in such water bodies shows its high mobility and ability to fast colonize of new habitats.
Two new localities of Nehalennia speciosa were found in 2010 in southeastern Poland, in the south of the Sandomierz Basin (Kotlina Sandomierska), in two nature reserves – „Bagno Przecławskie”(50º11’15”N, 21º25’15”E, UTM EA35) and „Torfy” (50º02’38” N, 21º17’45” E, EA24). They form – together with the localities near Błędów and in the nature reserve „Broduszurki” (Bernard, Daraż 2008; Bernard et al. 2009; Miszta, Cuber 2009) – the current southern range limit of the species distribution in Poland and Eastern Europe. Far outside this range, only a highly isolated and relict locality in the Southern Carpathians in the south of Romania is known (Manci 2009, 2010). Other localities of N. speciosa situated to the south of the current species range – in the southern Ukraine, Slovakia and northern Romania – are only historical as they have not been confirmed during the last half-century (Bernard, Wildermuth 2005; Šácha 2010). At the new localities, N. speciosa inhabits old peat excavations, with the water bodies abounding with Sphagnum sp. and Carex rostrata, and bounded by Molinia coerulea. It is typical of N. speciosa in the marginal zone of its distribution range to inhabit the partly secondary (i.e. anthropogenic) habitats and to use the vegetation composed of these species (cf. Bernard, Wildermuth 2005; Bernard, Daraż 2008).
The authors give 17 new sites of Nehalennia speciosa discovered in the years 2010–2011 in central–eastern Poland. This data is essential due to poor level of studying of this area and the species itself: stenotopic, under protection and very strongly threatened in Poland (EN category on the Red list of dragonflies of Poland). Species co-occurring with Sedgling were also given, indicating autochthonous species (marked with * symbol) and probably autochthonous (#). Among new sites 7 ones have situated in the eastern part of Masovia and 10 in the northern part of the Lublin District. They fill the gap between sites in northern Poland and the Łęczyńsko-Włodawskie Lake District and the areas of Kozienice. Therefore the state of maintenance of the species in the central-eastern part of the country is much better than it was suggested earlier (Bernard et al. 2009). Other discoveries in eastern Poland also confirm this fact (Buczyński et al. 2012; Czachorowski, Czachorowski 2009; Daraż 2011; Michalczuk 2012). The localities of Sedgling known before and new ones probably do not form the isolated range island but they belong to the extension of its compact main part situated in northern Poland. This is even more likely that at least in eastern Masovia there are numerous peat bogs located in forests similar to those described in this paper. This suggests the existence of a large number of yet unknown sites of N. speciosa which can form compact concentrations on which the analysis of satellite maps and geological maps of the Quaternary seem to indicate. In Poland N. speciosa inhabits: I. narrow zone of floating and waterlogged mats of vegetation on the boundary of open water Key Words. Odonata, Nehalennia speciosa, Sedgling, E Poland, new record, distribution area, habitat. table of lakes and small water bodies, and II. at least partially flooded parts of Sphagnum peat bogs and fens, usually at their small depression. Habitats of the first type are dominating (Bernard, Buczyński 2008). Among the localities we studied, we observed two types of environments, however, the rarer second type was more often (Bernard, Buczyński 2008). The preferences of imagines of N. speciosa towards Carex sp., Carex rostrata, Carex lasiocarpa and Eriophorum vaginatum were observed. New data shows that the number of localities in potential gaps of the range of N. speciosa can be large. Therefore taking a look for this species in other areas where such studies have not been conducted is needed.
The authors give a new site of Nehalennia speciosa in north–eastern Poland: a transitional peat bog in Błaskowizna village (54°15’22”N, 22°49’19”E). On July 4 and 7, 2011 about 10 individuals of the species were observed, with territorial males in it. They inhabited the flooded depression in the center of the peat bog grown with Carex lasiocarpa swamp with addition of: Utricularia minor, Aldrovanda vesiculosa, Menyanthes trifoliata and Dryopteris thelypteris. Aeshna juncea during metamorphosis was also noted there. In other zones of the peat bog, in a buffering zone as well as beaver canals with open water, 12 dragonfly species were recorded, including 9 autochthonic ones (Enallagma cyathigerum, Coenagrion puella, C. pulchellum, Aeshna grandis, A. juncea, A. subarctica, Cordulia aenea, Leucorrhinia pectoralis, L. rubicunda). The discussed site is threatened by drainage and overgrowing by alder and reed (now at initial stage). It requires protective activities. The peat bog in Błaskowizna is only the fifth site of N. speciosa known from the Suwałki Region. This results from the lack of adequately targeted research not the lack of the species itself. The similar diagnosis can be made for just 13 km distant south–western areas of Lithuania where only one site of this species has been discovered so far
The peripheral population of N. speciosa, discovered in 2004 in the nature reserve “Broduszurki”, SE Poland (49o49’ N, 22o21 ’ E; UTM EA91), is the southernmost remain- ing population of the species in E Europe and E part of Central Europe. The Broduszurki population represents the same Evolutionary Significant Unit (ESU) as other Polish popu- lations of the species and could be included into the same Management Unit (MU). How- ever, a slightly greater genetic distance and genetic differentiation against all other stud- ied populations, combined with the current state of strong isolation (the nearest species locality 90 km distant), might justify treating this population as a separate MU. This population, occupying ca 0.06 ha, is medium-sized (max > 400 imagines per control and min 1500 in the flight period) and dynamic, re- cently increasing and colonizing new patches of the habitat, but also tightly attached to se- lected small areas. The local high density was mirrored in a high mortality in spiders’ webs (e.g. 36 individuals/14 webs or 35/15). The habitat of N. speciosa is secondary: several- dozen-year old peat excavation pools in dif- ferent stages of succession, surrounded by low peaty pine forest. N. speciosa occurred in two subpopulations (pools) and four habitat patches. It was related mostly to the rich in water habitat with Carex rostrata, Sphagnum sp., Warnstorfia fluitans, and admixtures of Juncus effusus and Molinia caerulea, resem- bling the “rostrata” habitats known from sev- eral other localities in E Poland and Europe. However, the species occurrence in one patch based mostly on Molinia caerulea is excep- tional, known only from Lower Saxony, where one locality even highly resembles the Broduszurki one. The habitat in this patch is spatially separated between the lar- val one (Warnstorfia fluitans “soup” in water) and that one for imagines - land tussocks of M. caerulea explored by the species up to 5 m from the water. Dry leaves of Molinia, hanging into water and used for the emergence were a passage between these two microhabitats. However, the use of such an untypical habitat is possible only due to a specific combination of conditions, such as the appropriate submarged vegetation (W. fluitans) and the occurrence of M. caerulea under the canopy of trees protect- ing from excessive insolation and stronger winds. As N. speciosa was not observed in other seemingly similar places nearby for no apparent reason, it seems that some of these conditions have remained unrecognised.
Four sites of Nehalennia speciosa have been known so far from Central and Eastern Roztocze as well as the Biłgorajska Plain (NE part of the Sandomierska Basin). In the years 2008–2011, next 7 sites were recorded. In contrary to the northern part of the occurrence of this species in Poland, here it occurs first of all in transitional peat bogs with small water bodies in the advanced stage of succession and highly hydrated peatmoss. The dominating habitat type is also different than in the national scale: these are Sphagnum sp. patches with bottle sedge. One of the sites refers to a fen.
Coenagrion ornatum is a critically en- dangered species in Poland. It has been know from 24 localities so far, of which only one is preserved till now – in Śniatycze situated east of Zamość (south-eastern Poland). The authors give and discuss a new species lo- cality situated west-north-west of Zamość, ca. 40 km from Śniatycze, in the village of Średnie Duże (50°50’32”N, 23°01’15”E, UTM: FB43) (Fig. 1, Phot. 1–3). The species inhabits the River Rakówka. The discovery was made on 13 July, thus the estimating of population number is uncertain, however, it can be at least equally numerous as the po- pulation in Śniatycze which is regarded as large and stable. New data moves the boundary of the current range of C. ornatum in Poland a bit to the north. The presence of the species in south-eastern Poland is probably associa- ted with its occurrence in western Ukraine, where it was recorded at ca. 20 localities. Although many of them are historical ones, there is also fresh data from the Shatsk Lake District (CHROKALO, WERWES 2009). Rakówka seems to be untypical as a ha- bitat of C. ornatum due to high values of ri- ver section and >ow velocity. However, the calculated parameters of >ow turned out to be similar to these from the other localities of this species. The discussed locality is seriously en- dangered due to its localization in the centre of a village – the small river is fragmented into many stretches with different type of using. The Ornate Bluet has been observed on the stretch of the total length of ca 200 m, however, the numbers were different. In pla- ces with the least favourable conditions (with the bottom of concrete and removed vegeta- tion) the species was absent. Passive and acti- ve protection of this locality is a must.
On 8 July, 2012, a single male of Nehalennia speciosa has been found within the borders of Kampinos National Park in Poland, the Masovian voivodeship (52°19’10” N, 20°45’18” E, UTM: DC89). The individual was found in a habitat uncharacteristic for the species. The vegetation of the observation site consisted of young Scots Pines and Heather, growing on poor soils of sand dunes, with no water bodies, wetlands or peat bogs nearby. There is only one other site of this species currently known in the Kampinos National Park.
Distribution of Cercion lindenii (Selys) in Poland is presented, the origin and place of Polish population in the species range are discussed. The habitat of this species in Poland is described and the significance of coexistence with other zygopteran species is mentioned.
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 2 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.