Пель работы состояла в определении пригодности и местной эффективности дымных таблеток, выпушенных „Bioiwet” в Пулавах в 1987 г. и применяемых для борьбы с варроатозом в том же году. Это были препараты: Apiwarol AS — с 0,0125 г амитразы, Warrosekt — с 0,002 г малатиона (исследовали „весеннюю” и „летнюю” серии препарата), и Warrosekt НМ — с 0,01 г этиловой производной малатиона (экспериментальная серия). Исследования провели на пчелиных семьях, лишенных расплода до первого мероприятия. Показали большую местную эффективность и безвредность для пчел Apiwarol AS. Отметили, что этот препарат сохраняет свои варроацидные свойства значительно дольше, чем определяет это гарантийный срок. Показали значительные разницы в эффективности действия между „весенней” и „летней” сериями Warrosekt, а также в пределах самой „летней” серии этого препарата. Warrosekt ЕМ в исследуемой дозе был высокотоксичным для пчел.
This investigation was carried out on 1-3 days old eggs, as well as on 1, 3 and 5 day old larvae. The bee brood was treated with Apiwarol AS or Fumilat in special chambers containing 1/5 of the beehive dadant. The dosage used was 5 times lower than that for normal bee families. In the control group with eggs, 91.9% bees were exterminated and approx. 83% treated with Apiwarol AS. The unfavourable effect of Apiwarol AS was confirmed on 1, 3 and 5 day old larvae. The average exterminated bees from the brood treated with Apiwarol AS was 61.6%, which was 21% lower than in the control group. On the other hand, Fumilat was not so toxic. Eggs treated with Fumilat had approx. 90% exterminated bees. The average exterminated bees from the brood treated with this drug was 84% which was 1.4% lower than in the control group. Apiwarol AS has a greater effect on the reduction of bee body weight when compared with Fumilat. Nervertheless, the 1-day old larva stage of bee life is most sensitive to anti-varroa drugs.
The use of electric smoker for the application of Apiwarol is a practical method for Varroa destructor control in honey bee colonies. However, according to some reports this method may decrease the efficacy of the drug. The aim of this study was to compare Varroa control in colonies treated by the electric smoker Wakont and in the traditional method. Twenty colonies were investigated. They were fumigated four times every four days. The electric smoker was used in ten colonies and in another ten colonies the tablets were smoked inside the beehives on the bottom board. Bottom traps were inserted in hives to collect and count dead Varroa. A day after the last fumigation treatment, a sugar roll test was applied to assess the number of mites left on bees. There were no statistically significant differences in the Varroa fall during the treatments and in the number of mites left on bees after the treatments between these two groups. We did not ascertain a decreasing of the effectiveness of Apiwarol after application by using the electric smoker.