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In the three-year field trials the effect of ecological cultivation of table potatoes (in comparison with conventional cultivation) on the selected factors of tuber quality was estimated. Trials were performed at two localities in the Czech Republic with seven varieties. Based on the statistical evaluation it is evident that the ecological cultivation positively affected nitrate and reducing sugar content. In ecological variant the nitrate content was by 11% lower and reducing saccharide content was by 22% lower as compared to conventional option. Contrary a negative effect of ecological cultivation was determined in total polyphenol content (by 10.2% higher) and yields per ha (by 36% lower). Cultivation method did not significantly affect the dry matter content and glycoalkaloid content.
In precise field trials on three locations in the Czech Republic the impact of yellow, red and purple-fleshed potato cultivars in the years 2006 and 2007 was investigated as well as the effect of location conditions on antioxidant activity (AA) of tubers (expressed by ABTS assay in mg ascorbic acid 100 g⁻¹1 FM). The highest AA was determined in the darkly purple-fleshed cv. Violette (95.4 mg ascorbic acid·100 g⁻¹ FM). In the purple and red-fleshed cultivars, AA was on the average 2.9 times higher as compared to yellow-fleshed cultivars. Significant AA differences between purple and red-fleshed cultivars were found; the cultivars of the highest total anthocyanin content (TAC ranged from 18.6 to 64.1 mg·100 g⁻¹ FM) were reaching the highest AA values. The obtained results did not prove the impact of location on AA of tubers.
In precise field trials at five localities in the CR within years 2004-2005 the effects of different locality conditions and yellow- and purple- fleshed potato cultivars on ascorbic acid (AA) and total polyphenol (TP) contents in tubers were determined. AA content on average of nine cultivars reached the value 170.3 mg·kg⁻¹ FM and was demonstrably affected by the genotype of cultivar and locality conditions. The highest level was achieved in Marabel cv.; in other eight cultivars AA contents lower by 5-33% were estimated. Among five localities the highest AA content at the locality in lowland region (174 m a. s.) with the warmest and dry climate and light-textured soils was determined. In the case of total polyphenols no significant difference among localities was found, but the tendency to higher TP (by 9-22% as compared to other localities) at the locality Stachy was observed, what was connected with apparently lower temperature during vegetation period at this locality. In Valfi purple flesh cultivar higher by 90% TP content was found as compared with the mean value for yellow flesh cultivars. In the group of yellow flesh cultivars significant differences of TP content among particular cultivars were also determined.
The aim of this study was to examine the effect of genotype in a total of twelve varieties with purple- and red-fleshed tubers on the content of important antioxidants - total polyphenols (TP), ascorbic acid (AA) and total anthocyanins (TA). Precise field experiments were performed in 2008 and 2009 in the Czech Republic. Genotype of the variety showed a significant influence on the contents of the TP, AA and TA. Purple- and red-fleshed varieties reached 2.7 to 3.8 times higher content of the TP in comparison with control yellow-fleshed variety, difference between them has a maximum of 16.8%. The highest AA content in the group of the varieties with colored pulp showed the Highland Burgundy Red variety (233 mg·kg⁻¹ FM), which with other two varieties matched the yellow-fleshed control, for other varieties a decrease of 18.5 to 28.0% was demonstrated. The TA content varied in a wide range from 68.7 to 573.5 mg cyanidin·kg⁻¹ FM and corresponded with the intensity and color range of light-marbled flesh of tubers of each variety.
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