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The present qualitative and quantitative study on macrozoobenthos was conducted in 1998 in the coastal zone of the Baltic Sea adjacent to the Słowinski National Park (SNP). The macrozoobenthos of this zone exhibited quantitative scarcity (12 species) and low content of the wet mass. More frequent were only Oligochaeta, Pygospio elegans, and Batyporeia pilosa. Because of a better specific diversity, density, and wet mass of the macrozoobenthos in the zone outside 1 nautical mile limit, the author suggests widening the proposed marine protected zone of the SNP giving it the status of marine Landscape Park up to 3 nautical miles.
Автор представляет интересные возможности противодействия загрязнениям морских вод и их биологического разрушения с помощью методов применяемых в марикультуре. Одним из них является метод активной базы.
A population of Mya arenaria was studied in the Polish coastal zone (up to 3 nautical miles) of the Baltic Sea in the open coast of Polish Middle Pomerania. Abundance, wet biomass, and the frequency of Mya were determined in the coastal waters, including estuaries of the Parseta, Wieprza, Słupia, Łupawa, and Łeba rivers and Władysławowo. The frequency (F) of Mya in the open coast of the Middle Pomerania amounted to 19.5%. The abundance of Mya, in the coastal zone surveyed, ranged from 0 to 265 specimens per m2 of the bottom (x¯ = 10.4 spec. m–2). Wet biomass of this bivalve ranged from 0 to 25.52 gww m-2 (x¯ = 1.56 gww m-2). Apparently Mya arenaria has found better conditions for living and development in the central of the Middle Pomerania coast. The abundance of this mollusc in the estuary of Słupia (Ustka) was 100-fold higher than in the estuary of Wieprza (Darłowo) and Łupawa (Rowy) and the wet weight was 11-fold higher, respectively. Mya arenaria plays an important role in the monitoring of benthos of the Baltic Sea, constitutes a food base of animals (fish), and takes part in the process of purification of waters of the coast stretch studied (biofiltration, biosedimentation).
A population of Hydrobia sp. (Hydrobia ulvae Pennant and Hydrobia ventrosa Montagu) was studied in the Polish coastal zone (up to 3 nautical miles) of the Baltic Sea within the open coast of Polish Middle Pomerania. Abundance, wet biomass, and the frequency of Hydrobia were determined in the coastal waters, including estuaries of the Wieprza, Słupia, Łupawa, Łeba rivers and open coastal in the vicinity of Czołpino (Słowinski National Park) and Władysławowo. The frequency (F) of Hydrobia in the open coast of the Middle Pomerania amounted to 39%, while in the coastal zone of the open sea (Czołpino and Władysławowo) there were no snails. The abundance of Hydrobiidae, in the coastal zone surveyed, ranged from 0 to 398 specimens per m-2 of the bottom ( x = 33.7 spec. m–2). Wet biomass of this bivalve ranged from 0 to 12.0 gww m-2 ( x = 1.0 gww m-2). Apparently Hydrobia sp. has found better conditions for living and development in the estuary Middle Pomerania coast compared to open coastal. The abundance of this gastropods in the estuary zone was 27-fold higher than in the open coast and the wet weight was about 1.5-fold higher, respectively. Hydrobiidae plays an important role in the monitoring of benthos of the Baltic Sea, not constitutes a distinct food base of animals (fish and other hydrobionts).
Periphytic organisms inhabiting biotic and artificial substrates in Polish lagoons, locally known as „coastal lakes” are little known. In the frames of an interdisciplinary studies on the revitalisation of eutrophicated Lake Kopan, a study on different ecological formations, including the periphyton formations inhabiting Phragmites australis (CAV.) TRIN. ex STEUD. and artificial stilon (Polish trade name of a nylon) substrates, was carried out in 1999. It was demonstrated, that the average concentration of periphytic algae on reed in Lake Kopan amounted to 104 000 cells m⁻², periphytic microfauna - 54 874 specimens m⁻²; and macrofauna - 1 598 specimens m⁻². The concentration of periphyton on the studied biotic substrate was considerably lower compared to the organisms growing on the artificial substrate (potato-bag fabric, stilon fabric, foil), which were placed in Lake Kopan. The periphytic formation will play a significant role in the revitalisation project of the lake, by purification and deeutrophication of the waters, and in creating an additional, abundant food base for extensive culture of the rainbow trout.
Gut contents of Pygospio elegans Claparede (Spionidae) individuals collected in the Polish coastal zone of the Baltic were analysed. Guts of almost all the P. elegans (89-100%) were found to contain sand grains and detritus. Microalgae (Bacillariophyta, Chlorophyta, Flagellata) occurred in the guts of 8-100% P. elegans individuals. Noteworthy was the finding, in the P. elegans gut contents, of oligochaeta remains, indicative of some predatory behaviour of the polychaete. The oligochaete contribution to the P. elegans food increased with polychaete size (from 33 to 100%). Therefore, P. elegans in the Baltic population should be regarded as omnivores rather than suspension feeders- deposit feeders they have been classified with so far.
Quantitative aspects of the spionid polychaete Pygospio elegans population in the Polish coastal zone of the Baltic Sea, in estuarine areas of Pomeranian river mouths were investigated. The fre-quency of occurrence (F) of P. elegans in the Polish coastal zone averaged 54% (permanent spe-cies) and ranged from 20 to 80%. The polychaete abundance along the Central Pomeranian coast peaked at 1 837 ind. m-2, the mean abundance being 175.7 ind. m-2. The density of the spionid worm in the Middle Pomerania was low and rarely exceeded 1 000 ind. m-2. The mean wet weight biomass of P. elegans in different areas was low (max. 0.29 gww m-2). The abundance of P. elegans in the river mouth areas (estuaries) was basically higher west of the mouth, in areas less exposed to polluted and freshened riverine water; water in those areas, however, carried lower bioseston loads, which affected trophic conditions.
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