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Prevalence of intestinal nematodes in dogs from Warsaw region. Investigation of prevalence of intestinal parasites in dogs bave been conducted in order to protect human and animal health. The aim of the study was to establish species composition of intestinal parasites and to evaluate their prevalece in dogs from the shelter in Józefów situated on north from Warsaw. Additionally, urban dogs from Warsaw and village dogs from areas near the shelter, were examined. The prevalence of nematodes was: 62.3% in dogs from shelter, 37.5% in village dogs and 18.8% in urban dogs. In homeless dogs, the most common parasite was Uncinaria stenocephafa, then Trichuris vulpis and Toxarcaris leonina. In village dogs only eggs of U. stenocephala were detected; in urban dogs Toxocara canis and U. stenocephala were found.
A new cestode species from the genus Fimbriaria Froelich, 1802 is described. The parasites were found in the duodenum of Aythya fuligula L. and A. nyroca Güld. Described here new species differs from those previously recorded mainly by the mode of egg evacuation from gravid strobila: the Fimbriaria sarcinalis eggs leave the uterus in large irregular packets. Negative results of experimental infection of Acanthocyclops viridis and Macrocyclops albidus (Copepoda) considered as potential intermediate hosts of this new species of cestode are also described and discussed.
In total, 1414 Antarctic bony fishes and 66 sub-Antarctic ones were examined for nematodes. One species, Dichelyne (Cucullanellus) fraseri (Baylis, 1929), is redescribed and figured. Dichelyne fraseri var. nototheniae (Baylis, 1929) is considered identical with the nominal form. The validity of D. dichelyneformis (Szidat, 1950) is questioned. D. fraseri is considered a specific parasite of Notothenioidea (Perciformes) and a report on the occurrence in Muraenolepis marmoratus (Gadiformes, Muraenolepidae) is considered doubtful. Occurrence of D. fraseri is reported from 3 areas in the West Antarctic - at South Georgia, the S. Orkney Islands (new geographic record) and the S. Shetland Islands (new geographic record, probably at the southern border of its geographical distribution), as well as from the Kerguelen subregion of the sub-Antarctic. The species was also reported by various authors from the Magellanic sub- region, but it is absent in the subcontinental waters (southern part of the West Antarctic and the whole of East Antarctic). The species is associated with benthic and bentho-pelagic hosts. New host records are Parachaenichthys georgianus, Notothenia angustifrons, N. neglecta, Nototheniops nudifrons and Trematomus vicarius. All previous and present data are summarized.
In total, 400 bony fishes caught at a depth 120-1540 m in the east part of the Weddell Sea were examined and 63 fishes of 4 families occurring at depths of 120-590 m were infected with Macvicaria spp. Three species (185 specimens) were recognised, including two new species, M. microtestis sp. n. and M. longibursata sp. n., and one species, M. georgiana (Kovalyova et Gaevskaya, 1974), previously recorded only in the Western Antarctic. M. microtestis sp. n. occurs in nototheniids (Trematomus spp.) and artedidraconids. It has testes smaller than the ovary and which are entirely obscured by vitelline follicles dorsally. M. longibursata sp. n. occurs in two zoarcid species. It has the cirrus sac extending far posterior to the ventral sucker. M. georgiana occurs in eight species of the genus Trematomus (Nototheniidae) and in Cryodraco antarcticus (Channichthyidae); six host species are new. A key to seven species of the genus Macvicaria occurring in the Antarctic is presented.
Three lepocreadiid digenean species of two genera, Neolepidapedon Manter, 1954 and Lepidapedon Stafford, 1904, occur in notothenioid fishes of the genera Trematomus (Nototheniidae), Artedidraco and Pogonophryne (both Artedidraconidae), Bathydraco and Prionodraco (both Bathydraconidae) in the Weddell Sea. Descriptions of all species, including a new one and two previously recorded in the high Antarctic, are given. Neolepidapedon trematomi Prudhoe et Bray, 1973 is recorded in 4 host species, three of the genus Trematomus (2 new host species) and Pogonophryne permitini (new host species and family), for the first time in the Weddell Sea and south to 70°S. Lepidapedon garrardi (Leiper et Atkinson, 1914) and L. balgueriasi sp. n. belong to the “Beveridgei subgroup” of Bray and Gibson (1995). L. garrardi has the excretory vesicle reaching to the level of the border between the testes and it is transferred to this subgroup from the “Garrardi subgroup”, which is renamed to the “Zubchenkoi subgroup”. This species is recorded in 9 host species (7 new hosts), for the first time in the Weddell Sea. L. balgueriasi sp. n. is recorded in 4 species of the genus Trematomus, including T. loennbergi (type-host). This species has eggs similar in number and size to L. garrardi (egg length exceeding 0.1 mm), but it has relatively smaller suckers and pharynx, and vitelline follicles confluent in the forebody and dorsally to the testes; its site is in the pyloric caeca and anterior part of the small intestine. A key to species of the “Beveridgei subgroup” of the genus Lepidapedon is given.
The most important feature distinguishing this new species from the hitherto-described members of Fimbriaria is the number of genital primordia, which varies from about 30 in young segments to about 15 in older ones (probably as a result of their secondary division). Another essential character is the presence of 9 hook-like spines at the basis of the cirrus. The pseudoscolex and cirrus seem to attain greater sizes in this species than in the other members of the genus Fimbriaria.
Four digenean species were found in fish of the species Macrourus holotrachys caught at the North Scotia Ridge, sub-Antarctic. Gibsonia hastata Gaevskaya et Rodyuk, 1988 and Lepidapedon lepidum Gaevskaya et Rodyuk, 1988 are redescribed and figured based on new material and reexaminations of the type-specimens. L. lepidum possesses uroproct and therefore is transferred into the genus Pąralepidapedon. Gonocerca phycidis Manter, 1925 and Lecithochirium sp. (probably unknown species) are briefly described and figured. M. holotrachys is a new host for all these parasites.
In total, 23 fishes caught at depth 625-1540 m were examined and 21 found to be infected with digeneans belonging to 6 species, 4 lepocreadiids in the intestine and 2 hemiuroids in the stomach. Three lepocreadiid species are described as new: Lepidapedon brayi sp. n., L. ninae sp. n. and Paralepidapedon awii sp. n. Some morphological data for other species are given. Postlepidapedon opisthobifurcatus (Zdzitowiecki, 1990) and Glomericirrus macrouri (Gaevskaya, 1975) are reported from the high Antarctic for the first time and in new hosts. Gonocerca phycidis Manter, 1925 is found in a new host. The total number of digenean species recorded in M. whitsoni increased from 2 to 8.
The description of Fimbriaria teresae sp. n. is given. It differs from the 5 hitherto-described species of the genus Fimbriaria in having 7-10 genital primordia in every segment (one complex of proglottids), as well as deeply-situated genital atria giving the impression of the presence of proglottids. The cirrus pouch, the cirrus and the copulatory part of the vagina of F. teresae sp. n., are also bigger than the same organs in all the previously-described Fimbriaria species. The number of hook-like spines surrounding the base of the cirrus is 8.
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The aim of this study was to assess the occurrence of Trichomonas tenax in individuals with periodontal disease and also to check the correlation between the occurrence of protozoan and a kind of periodontal disease, bleeding index and dental plaque index. The study involved 77 individuals aged 22-77 years (47 women and 30 men). Culture revealed flagellate Trichomonas tenax. The incidence of trichomonal infection was 32%. In spite of using two different media no Entamoeha gingivalis was found. There was no significant dependence between the frequency of occurrence of T. tenax and age, sex or smoking. There was a correlation between the occurrence of T. tenax and the amount of dental plaque (correlation index=0.3; p=0.06) and there was also a statistical dependence between the occurrence of T. tenax and a kind of periodontal disease (correlation index=0.3; p=0.02).
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