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This paper is a synthetic presentation of the current state of theoretical knowledge and practical applications of Coleoptera: Carabidae in environmental research. An additional task is constituted by the assessment of applicability of these indication methods in investigations at the landscape level. The source of information was constituted by the database of scientific papers of ISI Web of Science. The search was narrowed down to journals published by two environmental science publishing houses: Elsevier and Kluwer. Papers including the criteria of a time interval of 2005-08 and keywords “Carabidae” and “indicator” were selected. The publications were classified into six thematic groups: rural, forest, urban/suburban, natural, mixed, and the group survey/theory.
Within the last century millions of various dyes have been generated in an attempt to prepare new efficient photocatalysts for their degradation. As fullerenes are commonly known to be effective electron-donor scavengers and are very promising for synergistic reasons, fullerene-titanium dioxide (C60/TiO2) nanocomposites of different mass ratios (1:1, 1:10, 1:20, and 1:100) were prepared. Their photocatalytic properties were examined by investigating methylene blue (MB) degradation. As photodegradation of dye analysis indicated, the C60/TiO2 (1:20) composites were found to demonstrate the highest enhancement of photocatalytic activity. A series of techniques, including SEM and TEM microscopies, Raman and UV-VIS diffuse-reflectance spectroscopies, along with DSC and TGA analysis, was used to characterize the prepared material. It is expected that obtained composites will be able to create pro-ecological and cheaper methods of water disinfection, decontamination of soil, etc.
The paper presents faunistic data concerning new localities of 20 Carabidae species, which have been rarely reported so far from the Masurian Lake District. One of these species, Calathus mollis (MARSHAM, 1802) has been reported from this region for the first time. Carabids were collected in an agricultural landscape at two types of field complexes: small fields cultivated in a rather traditional way as well as intensively managed large area fields. The presented data complete and update the knowledge on distribution of Carabidae in the Masurian Lake District.
Our survey was carried out in two study sites of approximately 3.3 ha each located in the Suwałki Lake District in NE Poland in the year 2008. Earthworms and soil samples were collected during two campaigns (spring and autumn) from 25 × 25 cm and 30 cm deep sampling points. The complex arable landscape (CAL) supported higher earthworm diversity, density and biomass than the similarly managed but homogeneous arable landscape (HAL). The spring and autumn earthworm sampling campaigns revealed very different patterns, and we conclude that autumn sampling is the most adequate for biomonitoring. On the other hand, the spring collections were significantly correlated to soil physical parameters, thus spring sampling is more suitable for studying such correlations. Significant correlations occurred almost exclusively for CAL and the soil parameters significantly relating with earthworm community were: soil moisture, nitrogen and organic carbon contents. The possible reason for it is the presence of numerous refuges for lumbricids offered by field margins, balks, woodlots and meadows in the CAL and lack of them in the HAL.
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