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FRET-based biosensors can be used for the analysis of intracellular signalling, including sensors for monitoring cyclic AMP. The concept is that the donor/acceptor emission ratio excited at the donor excitation wavelength can be used as a concentration dependent measure in donor/acceptor 1:1 tandem biosensors. General problem, however, is that this ratio varies not only with the changes in cAMP concentration, but also with the changes of the ionic environment or other factors affecting the folding probability. We are developing a novel Epac Based FRET-Sensor that is much less sensitive to changes in ion concentrations to obtain a reliable measure of the absolute cAMP concentrations under patho-/physiological conditions with high temporal and spatial resolution. Such data will be correlated with electrophysiological measurements obtained under pathological as well as physiological conditions.
In 72 samples collected from various types of habitats of West Spitsbergen 150 algal taxa have been identified, including 100 taxa of Cyanoprokaryota, 40 of Chlorophyceae, and 10 of Xanthophyceae. Seventy-two species, mainly blue-green algae (55 taxa) are considered as new for Svalbard flora.
The paper describes cyanobacterial assemblages in relation to mosses and vascular plants forming mosaic communities in Arctic tundra. The study area is located in the north of the Hornsund fjord. In the selected 14 type of habitats, the study analyzed the quantitative and qualitative share of cyanobacteria, mosses and vascular plants. Due to their similarity in cyanobacterial assemblages and their relations to vegetation, they were divided into 10 groups. Each group was characterized by a particular combination of species with a distinguishing cyanobacteria dominant species and mosses and vascular plants. The significant role of cyanobacteria crusts and mats in the formation of the Spitsbergen tundra suggests they should be included in the descriptions of communities present in the region.
Hormotila ramosissima Korš., a very rare in the world and poorly known species, have been found in peat bogs of Lower Silesia. The growth stages typical of this species but unknown so far, have been described and illustrated. It was found that this species has many features in common with the representatives of Volvocales, Tetrasporales, and chlorococcales. The regularly observed zoospores and hemizoospores, which accompanied the various developmental stages of that species, showed an internal structure of Chlamydomonas-type. Studies on Hormotila ramosissima were based on live material collected in ample quantities from peat bogs. The collected in this way repeatable and abundant data allowed to discuss problems concerning morphology, reproduction and development, as well as consider the taxonomic position this species.
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