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The aim of the authors’ study was to determine the effects of various concentrations of a glycerol-containing preparation on the dynamics of changes in individual parameters of rumen fluid and energetic profile in dairy cows. The presented results suggest a potential positive effect of glycerol as an energetic supplement to dairy cows. A number of studies have showed that the positive effect of glycerol is influenced by the administered doses, time of feeding and the form of administered glycerol. In this experiment a significant positive effect of glycerol was observed only in the third experimental group that was administered the highest dose of the investigated preparation and was reflected in pH (P < 0.05), acetic acid (P < 0.05), butyric acid (P < 0.0) and BHB (P < 0.01). The recorded moderate antilipolytic and glucoplastic effects of glycerol and the buffering capacity of the powder vehicle used (zeolite) on the health of dairy cows needs to be further verified in a long- -term experiment with the highest dose of glycerol.
This study focuses on the effect of parenteral administration of Selenium (Se) and vitamin E on concentration of Se in plasma and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) in the blood of dairy cows during peripartal period and their effect on the reduction of clinical mastitis. From a 220 individuals Holstein herd in a two-four lactation-gestation cycle the control group (C), 1st (D1) and 2nd (D2) experimental group were selected. Every group consisted of 15 cows in the last phase of the pregnancy. All cows were fed with the diet containing 0.1 mg of Se per kg/DM. The blood samples from vena jugularis were collected approximately 21 days before calving (control sampling), 3 days, 12 days and 21 days after calving. On the day of control sampling and 12 days before calving in D1 group, cows were injected subcutaneously in the sprescapular region with preparation Selevit inj. a.u.v. at the doses of 48.4 mg/head of Se, and 550 IU/head of α-Tocoferol (α-Toc). In D2 group, cows were injected by the same preparation only on 21th day before calving with the same doses of Se and α-Toc. The increase in the concentration of Se in the plasma and activity GPx in blood in D1 group on the 3rd day and 12th day after calving were determined. Increase in plasmatic concentrations α-Toc on 3rd day after calving and reduction of occurrence of clinical mastitis (13.3%) as compared with control group were found.
The aim of the study was to examine the prevalence of antibodies against E. intestinalis in the blood serum of swine by the ELISA test and the possible effects of different states of the reproductive period on the occurrence of antibodies. The presence of specific anti-E. intestinalis antibodies was detected in 30 (56.6%) of 53 sows from the total count of examined sera. Each of the positive sera was reacted by the titre 1 : 200. Serological positivity to E. intestinalis was detected in 10 (58.8%) sows one week after birth of 17, in 6 (50%) sows one week before the birth of 12, in 7 (58.3%) sows one week after the weaning of 12 and in 7 (58.3%) sows one month after the birth of 12. The study did not detect any meaningful effect in the different state of the reproductive period of sows on the occurrence of antibodies.
The aim of this study was an evaluation of the effects of two species of coagulase negative staphylococci (CNS), Staphylococcus xylosus and Staphylococcus warneri, on the changes in technological parameters of cows’ milk. The study was conducted in a herd of Slovak Pied cattle breed (with share of HF blood). Based on the performance results from three subsequent months, cows in the 2nd and 3rd lactation with SCC up to 200 thousand/ml (8 heads, 32 quarters), and above 800 thousand/ml (8 heads, 32 quarters), after the 4th month of lactation, were selected. The samples were subjected to microbiological analysis, total bacteria count, somatic cell count; basic milk composition and physicochemical properties were also examined. The research has found the impact of bacterial infection on the increasing (p<0.05) of the number of somatic cells and a decrease (p<0.01) in protein levels in milk due to both types of staphylococci. There was a significant (p<0.05) reduction in C8: 0, C10: 0 and the total amount of saturated fatty acids in the milk of the infected cows in comparison to the healthy ones. The research also revealed higher (p<0.01) levels of C14: 0 and C20: 1 in milk from the healthy cows.
An effect of mammary gland infection caused by Streptococcus uberis on the changes in cows’ milk composition and its physicochemical properties was examined. The study was conducted in the herd of Slovak Pied breed cattle (with a share of HF blood), in 2nd and 3rd lactation, after 4th month of milking. Milk samples were collected from a quarter milking. The samples were subjected to microbiological analysis, basic milk composition, total bacteria count, somatic cell count and physicochemical properties were examined. Also analyses of protein fractions share and fatty acids profile were conducted. An effect of bacterial infection of the mammary gland bring an increase (P<0.01) in somatic cell count was observed in this study. Milk samples contaminated with S. uberis were characterized by higher (P<0.05) total bacteria count and total protein compared to milk samples collected from non-infected mammary gland. The level of κ-casein was significantly (P<0.05) decreased in cows with subclinical mastitis caused by S. uberis. Significant (P<0.05) reduction in the share of C13:0 acid, and an increased level of C18:0, C18:1n7t and CLA were observed in milk contaminated with S. uberis compared to healthy cows’ milk. It should be concluded that S. uberis causes the increase in total bacteria count, SCC and the decrease in κ-casein level, which significantly affects deterioration of technological quality of cows’ milk.
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