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Adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism and athletes’ attitudes toward doping and anti-doping policy in sport

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Sas-Nowosielski K., Budzisz A.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity. The Journal of Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport

2017

tom 09

nr 2

The article explores two issues – perfectionism and attitudes toward doping in sport. The study was aimed at verifying the thesis that perfectionism in its adaptive and maladaptive forms may have an effect on athletes’ attitudes toward doping. The study sample consisted of 110 athletes (43 females and 67 males). To test perfectionism the Adaptive and Maladaptive Perfectionism Questionnaire developed by Szczucka was used and to measure attitudes toward doping-free sport and anti-doping policies a questionnaire worked out by one of the authors. The effect of perfectionism on doping attitudes was measured. There were significant differences in attitudes toward controls and sanctions between men and women with men showing a more positive attitude. All regression models were significant, explaining from 7% to 12% of variance in the attitudes. In all cases adaptive perfectionism was a positive predictor of attitudes to doping. On the contrary, maladaptive perfectionism was negatively correlated with attitudes; only in the case of attitude toward controls the relationship was significant. With the rise of adaptive perfectionism, i.e. the tendency to set oneself high personal standards and strive for superb athletic performance, the probability of positive attitudes toward anti-doping policy also rises.

Dependence between body image and motivation in a group of professional swimmers and track-athletes

100%

Budzisz A., Nawrocka M.

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity. The Journal of Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport

2016

tom 08

nr 2

Background: The human body may be investigated on a variety of levels. This paper deals with the issue of self-perception of the body by sportsmen and motivation strategies they use. The aim of the study was twofold: firstly, to determine whether the sports discipline affects satisfaction with one’s own body and the level of motivation; and secondly, to establish if the type of sports motivation is dependent on the body image. Material and methods: The subject group comprised athletes (n = 42) and swimmers (n = 35). The subjects completed questionnaires. The research tools included the Body Esteem Scale (BES) by Franzoi & Shields and the Sport Orientation Questionnaire (SOQ) by Gill and Dieter. Results: The results were analysed separately for each gender (according to the applied tool (BES)). Significant differences in self-perception of the body occurred in males in terms of the sports discipline, and the athletes perceived themselves better (Physical attractiveness [p < 0.01; F(8,33)] Body strength [p < 0.05; F(4,17)] Physical condition [p < 0.02; F(5,63)]). The differences did not occur in the female group. The same applies to the whole study group in terms of the level of motivation. Regression analysis demonstrated that the body image was a significantly independent variable in the case of motivation focused on the aim (females [the sexual attractiveness subscale] β = 0.46; males [the physical condition subscale] β = 0.35). In terms of the sports discipline, there are significant differences in satisfaction with the body; however, they occur only among males. The subject athletes expressed greater satisfaction with their bodies. Conclusions: The body image, perceived among female subjects as an object (also sexual), affects the level of sports motivation focused on the aim. For males, the aspect of body capability, i.e. physical condition, is the factor responsible for an increase in the motivation focused on the aim.

Ograniczanie wyników

2 Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity. The Journal of Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport

2 Budzisz A.

1 Nawrocka M.

1 Sas-Nowosielski K.

1 2017

1 2016

Wyniki wyszukiwania

Adaptive and maladaptive perfectionism and athletes’ attitudes toward doping and anti-doping policy in sport

Dependence between body image and motivation in a group of professional swimmers and track-athletes