The aim of the study was to investigate dynamics of transcriptomic changes in hippocampus during stress in correlation with behavioral and physiological symptoms of acute and chronic stress response. Male Swiss Webster mice were subjected to repeated social stress and decapitated after 1, 4, 8, and 13 days of repeated encounters with other male mice. There was also a group of mice subjected to 13 days of social stress and then left without stress for 5 days. Acute stress induced decrease in food intake and in body weight. Repeated stress induced thymic involution progressing with increasing duration of stress and significant increase in spleen weight, was observed after 13 days of stress. In mice subjected to stress and then left for 5 days for recovery the spleen weight did not differed from control mice and there was partial recovery of thymic weight. During the recovery period there was also increased food intake compared with control mice. Using microarray and quantitative real-time PCR technologies we found that social stress affected hippocampal transcription of genes involved in pathways of insulin secretion, intracellular signaling and cellular transport. Among them, during subsequent time points of social stress we observed progressive upregulation of Ttr gene coding transthyretin involved in amyloidosis, seizures, or dementia and prolactin receptor – Prlr, involved in anxiolyting effects at brain level. The results show that repeated stress provokes major changes in hippocampal physiological pathways. Effects of stress on expression of genes involved in insulin signalling and cellular transport indicate that stress may affect the CNS structure and produce the long-term and irreversible changes in the CNS functions.
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