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Agaricus bisporus plays an important role in ecological processes and is one of the most widely cultivated mushrooms worldwide. Mushroom growth-promoting bacteria have been isolated from casing soil and compost, but microorganisms in the fruiting body have received only a little attention. To get an overview of phylogenetic diversity of microorganisms in the fruiting body of A. bisporus, as well as to screen antimicrobial and mushroom growth-promoting strains, and eventually intensify mushroom production, we isolated and characterized microorganisms from the fruiting body of A. bisporus. In total, 55 bacterial strains were isolated, among which nine isolates represented Actinomycetes. All the isolates were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene RFLP and sixteen representative strains by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. According to the phylogenetic analysis, eleven isolates represented the Gram-positive Bacillus, Lysinibacillus, Paenibacillus, Pandorea and Streptomyces genera, and five isolates belonged to the Gram-negative Alcaligenes and Pseudomonas genera. The bacteria isolated from the fruiting body of A. bisporus had broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities and potential mushroom growth-promoting abilities.
Background: Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infection is causatively associated with a variety of human cancers, including gastric cancer (GC), which has one of the highest mortality rates of all human cancers. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) show important regulatory roles in human GC. SNHG8 is a recently identified lncRNA that was reported to show abnormal expression pattern in GC. However, little is known of its biological function in EBV-associated GC. Methods: We used cell viability, colony formation and cell cycle assays to investigate the roles of lncRNA SNHG8 in the cell growth of EBV-associated GC. Results: The transcript levels of SNHG8 in the cultured EBV-associated GC cells were significantly higher in the cultured EBV-associated GC cells compared with the levels in normal human gastric mucosal cells and EBV-negative GC cells. Knockdown of SNHG8 with specific shRNAs inhibited cell proliferation and colony formation and arrested the cell cycle in the G0/G1 phase in vitro. We also found that knockdown of SNHG8 suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Conclusions: These data indicate the pro-oncogenic potential of SNHG8 in EBVassociated GC, meaning it is a latent therapeutic target for the treatment of this type of cancer
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect and underlying mechanisms of short-term high-intensity sound exposure on guinea pigs to mimic the effects of non-lethal anti-riot weapons. A total of 92 male adult guinea pigs were exposed to high-intensity sound at 0 dB, 110 dB and 130 dB for 5 min. Basic clinical observation, repellent behaviour detection, peripheral blood routine examination, serum cortisol detection and hearing ability assessment were performed to analyse the functional changes after high intensity sound exposure. Meanwhile, routine haematoxylin and eosin staining, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the structure of the cochlear tissue. To investigate the mechanisms underlying the tissue changes, the levels of apoptosis and caspase 3, 8 and 9 were detected using TUNEL staining and immunohistochemistry. After short-term exposure to high-intensity sound, the guinea pigs exhibited fear and agitation, increased repulsive behaviour, high serum cortisol and an increase in auditory threshold. The inner hair cells and outer hair cells exhibited degeneration. In addition, apoptosis was observed in the cochlear tissue. After short-term exposure to high-intensity sound, the guinea pigs exhibited not only stress reactions but also impaired hearing and signs of hair cell degeneration. Apoptosis in the cochlear tissue may play an important role in the functional and structural injuries caused by high-intensity sound.
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