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The aim of the study was to learn about the character and dynamics of changes in the abundance of the catchable population of the signal crayfish, Pacifastacus leniusculus (Dana), the spiny-cheek crayfish, Orconectes limosus (Raf.), and the noble crayfish, Astacus astacus (L.), that all inhabit Lake Pobłędzie (northern Poland). During the study period of 1996 - 2005, the effectivity of crayfish catches conducted with Evo traps in the lake rose from 1.30 to 5.67 specimens trap⁻¹ night⁻¹. This indicates that crayfish abundance increased progressively. The noble crayfish was observed only in the 1999 - 2002 period and succumbed to growing pressure from both of the American species. Studies have excluded the existence of the crayfish “plague” caused by Aphanomyces astaci Schikora. The abundance of the signal crayfish, which was introduced in 1992, increased throughout the study period. The abundance of the spiny - cheek crayfish rose from 1999 to 2002. Although a slight decrease was noted in 2003, not until 2004 was a rapid decline noted in this species. A similarly dramatic decline has been noted since 2002 in the abundance of spiny-cheek crayfish in many other Polish waters. This was probably the result of an outbreak of an infectious disease particular to this species. The catch effectivity of signal crayfish (99.5% share of catches) in 2005 was 5.00 specimens trap⁻¹ night⁻¹ and was higher than the catch effectivity achieved with this species in Californian and Swedish lakes.
The history of the black cormorant, Phalacrocorax carbo sinensis (L.), at Lake Dobskie dates to 1964, and by 2008 the colony numbered 764 nests. Breeding success is 2.1 indiv./nest. Samples were collected weekly from 28.03.2008 to 22.08.2008. This material comprised more than 700 pellets and 3,104 regurgitated fish, which were used to identify the composition of the cormorant diet. Based on the regurgitated fish collected, it was determined that the cormorant diet included roach (51.5%), tench (13.0%), pike (9.6%), common and white bream (9.2%), perch (8.0%), and bleak (4.2%). The total weight of the prey taken by the colony studied in 2008 was 188 tons of fish.
The aim of the study was to determine the impact of various photoperiods and stocking densities on the growth and survival of narrow-clawed crayfish larvae. The four-week rearing period was carried out in 50 dm³ tanks in a closed recirculating system. The tanks were stocked with larvae two weeks post hatch with an average body length of 11.2 ± 0.9 mm (TL) and weight of 32.3 ± 2.5 mg. There were three stocking densities (300, 600, and 1200 specimens m⁻² ) and two photoperiods (groups L - 24-hour illumination and groups D - 24-hour darkness). The crayfish were fed ad libitum every 12 hours with granulated feed (45% protein, 6-12% lipid). The experiment indicated that photoperiod had a significant impact (P < 0.05) on the crayfish survival rate, while stocking density impacted growth. Crayfish survival was almost two times higher with 24-hour illumination than it was with 24-hour darkness at each of the stocking densities. The survival and the growth rate of crayfish decreased as the initial stocking density increased. The final biomass of the crayfish stocks reared in 24-hour darkness was similar for each of the stocking densities applied, but the biomass of stocks reared with 24-hour illumination increased along with the stocking densities used. This indicates that it is possible to apply initial densities even greater than 1200 _2 specimens m⁻² during crayfish rearing with 24-hour pond illumination.
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