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Несоединенный дополнительный отросток — это одна из многих врожденных аномалий развития локтевого сустава. Этот изъян зиагнозировано клиническим и рентгеновским исследованием у 9 немецких овчарок, 1 басета, 1 афганской борзой и 2 догов. В 3 слу rаях болезнью были объяты оба локтевых сустава. У 1 пациента, басета, кроме несоединенного дополнительного отростка, произошло преждевременное закрытие ростового хряща дальнейшей локтевой кости. На рентгенограммах отмечались полосчатые прояснения, отделяющие треугольную тень дополнительного отростка от локтевого отростка.
The objective of the investigations was to comparatively evaluate the size and shape of the liver on the basis of x-ray and ultrasonographic examinations and to estimate the liver parenchyma and intrahepatic vessels on the basis of ultrasonographic examinations. The studies were done on 64 dogs and 13 cats of different breed and sex, aged from 1 day to 18 years. The ultrasonographic examinations were done with the use of Bruel and Kjaer apparatus type 1849 and Concept 2000 by Dynamic Imaging. In 64 animals the ultrasonographic image of the liver was normal. In 7 cases an enlargement of the liver without any changes in the liver parenchyma was noted. An enlargement of intrahepatic veins was found in 8 cases (4 with circulatory insufficiency, 2 with ascites). The assessment of the size and shape of the liver done on the basis of ultrasound examinations agreed with that based on x-ray examinations. The ultrasonic examinations also allowed the evaluation of the liver parenchyma and intrahepatic veins.
The objective of the studies which included the comparison of the clinical, radiological and ultrasonographic examinations was the estimation of the mutual correlation between the changes in the ultrasound image of the liver and in other organs. The examinations were performed on 6 dogs and 5 cats of different breed and sex, aged from 1 to 13 years. The ultrasonic examinations were done with the ultrasound apparatus by Bruel and Kjaer type 1849 and Concept 2000 by Dynamic Imaging. In two cats there was an intensified reflection of the ultrasound beam from the liver parenchyma. In one of them the gross examination revealed panleukopenia and liver dystrophy. The reduction of echogenicity of liver parenchyma was observed in two cases. A significant enlargement of the gall bladder size and changes in the kidney parenchyma in the form of focal echoless areas were noted in one case. Hydronephrosis and uremia were additionally diagnosed in the other animal. Fatty generation of the liver was diagnosed in 3 animals with signs of significant overweight. In 4 patients with the ultrasound signs of the liver cirrhosis the clinical and x-ray examinations also revealed circulatory insufficiency (1 case), urinary system disorders (2 cases) and ascites (1 case). The suspicions of hepatitis, dystrophy, fatty degeneration and liver cirrhosis indicate the need for the ultrasonographic examination of the liver.
The aim of the investigation was the comparison of the diagnostic value of the clinical, radiological and ultrasonographic examinations in the diagnosis of focal changes in the liver and the determination of the relations between the changes in the ultrasound image of the liver and the changes in other organs. The investigation was performed on 24 animals: 20 dogs and 4 cats of different breeds and sex, aged 1.5 to 14 years. The ultrasonographic examinations were done using the apparatus of Bruel and Kjaer type 1849 and Concept 2000 of Dynamic Imiging. The following changes were diagnosed in the ultrasonic picture: aechogenic changes in 5 animals, hypoechogenic in 2 animals, normechogenic in 2 animals, hyperechogenic in 8 animals and changes of mixed echogenicity in 5 animals. The connection between clinical signs and the results of X-ray and ultrasonographic examination allowed the recognition of the changes in the liver as cysts, abscess and neoplasm of the liver.
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