Preferencje help
Widoczny [Schowaj] Abstrakt
Liczba wyników

Znaleziono wyników: 43

Liczba wyników na stronie
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 3 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników

Wyniki wyszukiwania

help Sortuj według:

help Ogranicz wyniki do:
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 3 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
Aeromonas organisms are widely distributed in aquatic environments and are also recognized as being pathogens in a variety of animals and humans. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of metal ions (Ca⁺², Cu⁺², Fe⁺², Mg⁺², Zn⁺²) and protease inhibitors (PMSF, EDTA, E-64) on the activity of Aeromonas supernatant caseinase and elastase activity. Sixteen strains of bacteria isolated from MAI/MAS diseased carp, identified as A. hydrophila (n=13) and A. sobria (n=3) were used in the study. Zinc and copper inhibited Aeromonas supernatant caseinase activity, where zinc, copper and iron inhibited elastase activity.
Synthetic pyrethroids commonly used for plant protection often contaminate superficial water sources and therefore they become a health threat for fish. The objective of the studies was to evaluate the influence of permethrin present in water on phagocytic activity of neutrocytes macrophage/monocytes of the main kindneys and circulatory blood of the carp. The fish of about 90 ±10 g were exposed for 96 h to permethrin at a concentration of 0.03 and 1.1 µg/L in the insecticide Ambusz 25EC. The percentage of phagocytic cells (KF) among neutrocytes and macrophages, the value of phagocytic index (IF) and metabolic activity of phagocytes (NBT) were determined in the kidneys and in blood of 6 individuals from each experimental group at 1, 3, 4, 7 and 14 days after the end of the experiment. The same parameters have been evaluated three times for controls at day 1, 7 and 14 of the experiment. The 96-hour exposure of the carp to permethrin during the experiment induced leukopenia and neutrocytosis and lowered the percentage of the kidney cells (KF) active in phagocytosis. Compared to control, at day 7 the value of phagocytic index in the fish under experimentation also decreased.
The aim of this study was the isolation of diplomonads from the digestive tract of infected rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and the molecular identification of Spironucleus species from samples. Samples were collected from a total of 40 fish (0.8 g ± 0.1) from a commercial farm in Pomorskie Voivodeship, Poland. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and a partial sequence analysis of the 18S ribosomal gene were used to identify Spironucleus species. The PCR of the 18S rDNA yielded a 705 bp DNA band on agarose gel, and a sequence analysis of the DNA confirmed the isolate as Spironucleus salmonis. This is the first molecular identification of an isolate of S. salmonis in Poland. Further studies are needed to determine the prevalence of the parasite in this species of fish in other locations and to investigate the impact of the parasite on the total fish population.
The aim of the present study was to analyze the effectiveness of levamisole and trichlorphon in controlling intestinal capilariasis in zebrafish. Various protocols of treatment against this parasite were successively tested. Fish (280 g ± 53 g) were randomly assigned to 3 experiments. In experiment I, fish (n = 160) were administered levamisole at 1 mg/L (group 1), 2 mg/L (group 2), 5 mg/L (group 3), and 10 mg/L (group 4), by 72 h bath. In experiment II, fish (n = 160) were administered levamisole by bath (as in experiment I) and per os at 200 mg/100g diet twice a day for 3 days. In experiment III, fish (n = 160) were administered levamisole by bath (as in experiment I) and trichlorphon per os at 0.2 mg/100 g diet twice a day for 3 days. These schemes of treatment were repeated at days 7 and 14. At the beginning of treatment,100% of fish were infested by Capillariinae. The mean abundance was estimated at 3.5 (range of intensity: 2-5). In experiments I and II, 21 days after the beginning of treatment, fish were still infested by live parasites. However, with the highest dose of levamisole, the mean abundance of invasion decreased to 0.8 (range of intensity: 0-3) in experiment I, and to 0.3 (range of intensity: 0-2) in experiment II – a reduction of 73.33% and 90.00%, respectively. The combined treatment in experiment III (levamisole by bath and trichlorphon per os) was the most effective. Only in experiment III were parasites eliminated after 14 days in groups 2 and 3, and after 21 days in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4. These results suggest that a combination of levamisole and trichlorphon could be an effective alternative for the control of nematode zebrafish infections, including those by levamisole-resistant strains.
Studies were performed on 60 carps werghing from 30 to 40 g. Levamisole was used at the concentration of 10 mg per 1 l of water for 1 hour, and the drug TFX at 5 mg per 1 l of water for 96 hours. Blood was collected after 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 12 and 16 weeks after the treatment. The following were assessed: the number of leukocytes and neutrocytes, the metabolic activity of granulocytes (NBT) and the level of lysozyme in the blood by the spectophotometric method. It was found that both levamisole and the drug TFX possessed immunostimulating effects in carps. Their effects lasted for 5 weeks following levamisole administration and to the end of the experiment in case of the TFX drug. The authors suggest that the TFX drug is more effective than levamisole and persists for a longer time in carps treated in such a manner.
The economic importance of Spironucleus diseases led the authors to study the effect of aqueous and ethanol plant extracts on the growth of S. vortens. In the present study 0.025 g L⁻¹, 0.05 g L⁻¹ and 0.10 g L⁻¹ (w/v) aquatic and ethanol extracts of tetterwort (Chelidonium majus), purple coneflower (Echinacea purpurea), garlic (Allium sativum), chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum), horseradish (Armoracia rusticana), Bryophyllum pinnatum (Kolanchoe pinnata), oregano (Origanum vulgare), tansy (Tanacetum vulgare), thyme (Thymus vulgaris), and yarrow (Achillea millefolium) were tested against in vitro growth of Spironucleus vortens isolated from the digestive tract of discus (Symphysodon discus). The extracts of chestnut, garlic, horseradish, oregano and tansy were found to be the most effective. The 0.10 g L⁻¹ extracts of these plants attained a high level of over 90% parasite growth inhibition, while their 0.025 g L⁻¹ extracts, with the exception of the oregano, attained 60% parasite growth inhibition. The results of the study confirmed that natural products are potential sources of new agents for the treatment and control of spironucleosis.
Pierwsza strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wstecz Poprzednia strona wyników Strona / 3 Następna strona wyników Pięć stron wyników wprzód Ostatnia strona wyników
JavaScript jest wyłączony w Twojej przeglądarce internetowej. Włącz go, a następnie odśwież stronę, aby móc w pełni z niej korzystać.