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1
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Uszkodzenia drzew i odnowienia w wyniku ręczno-maszynowego pozyskania drewna z wykorzystaniem urządzeń agregowanych z ciągnikami rolniczymi

100%
Stanczykiewicz A.
Sylwan
|
2011
|
tom 155
|
nr 02
2

Poziom uszkodzen odnowienia w wyniku stosowania reczno-maszynowych technologii pozyskiwania drewna

100%
Stanczykiewicz A.
Acta Agraria et Silvestria. Series Silvestris
|
2006
|
tom 44
91-116
The level of damages in regeneration caused by manual and mechanical technologies under short wood (assortment) and long wood systems of timber harvesting is presented in this paper. Studies were carried out under different physiographic conditions of southern Poland, i.e. mountain regions (Jeleśnia Forest District, Forest Experimental Station in Krynica), submountain regions (Gromnik Forest District), and lowland regions (Krzeszowice Forest District), in coniferous as well as broadleaf stands where final cuttings and selection thinnings were conducted. The lowest damage level was found in mountain stands, and during early thinnings, while the highest level in lowland stands, and during final cuttings. In the case of technologies used under short wood system the level of damages was by 30% higher than in the case of long wood system.
3
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Model szacowania pracochłonności pozyskiwania drewna w drzewostanach ze śniegołomami

63%
Szewczyk G., Stanczykiewicz A.
Leśne Prace Badawcze
|
2012
|
tom 73
|
nr 2
4
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Uszkodzenia drzew i odnowienia w wyniku trzebieży wczesnych w wybranych drzewostanach jodłowych

63%
Stanczykiewicz A., Kulak D.
Studia i Materiały Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej
|
2014
|
tom 16
|
nr 2B[39]
5
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Zastosowanie monitora pracy serca do oceny efektywnego wydatku energetycznego w ręczno-maszynowych technologiach pozyskiwania drewna

63%
Leszczynski K., Stanczykiewicz A.
Sylwan
|
2014
|
tom 158
|
nr 02
Energy expenditure during labour constitutes one of the criteria used for assessing the laboriousness of timber harvesting. The major objective of this study was to point out the possibilities of defining work net energy expenditure (NEE) as related to the frequency of heart rate in the field exercise tests by changing posture and varied external work load. The scope of the study was restricted to the work of chainsaw operators performing hard physical labour during late thinning of fir and spruce on the middle mountain (Beskid Makowski, Beskid Śląski). The research involved dynamic work with elements of static load for which the NEE was investigated by means of heart rate as well as respiratory – indirect estimation of oxygen consumption as results of airflow measurement. The advantage of both methods is simplicity of application, the lack of necessity to perform additional analyses as time study and expected medium error. The conducted calculations pointed out to a strong linear correlation, where correlative coefficient was equal to 0.67. The conducted model analysis (including, among others: the normality, autocorrelation of residuals and identification of influential values) has confirmed its validity at the 10% statistical error. The obtained regression coefficient indicates a larger increase in value as compared to the available formulas with acceptable in practice standard error of prediction on 6.05 kJ/min level.
6

Determination of selected logging technologies impact, in thinned coniferous stands, on damage level of trees

63%
Sowa J. M., Stanczykiewicz A.
Zeszyty Naukowe Akademii Rolniczej w Krakowie. Sesja Naukowa
|
2005
|
tom 91
275-281
7
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Pracochlonnosc pozyskiwania drewna w drzewostanach ze sniegolomami

51%
Sowa J. M., Szewczyk G., Stanczykiewicz A., Grzebieniowski W.
Leśne Prace Badawcze
|
2009
|
tom 70
|
nr 4
429-434
8
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Wydajność zrywki drewna skiderem na terenach pochyłych

51%
Kulak D., Stanczykiewicz A., Szewczyk G., Wala L.
Sylwan
|
2019
|
tom 163
|
nr 07
The aim of the study is to characterise the working time structure of an operator of the LKT 82 skidder performing timber skidding on the sloping area, and to develop models of efficiency and time−consumption of the work depending on selected factors characteristic of the described transport process. The research was performed in the Sucha Forest District (S Poland). We considered two treatments: late thinning and felling performed in stands with the dominating share of beech. Logs obtained with chainsaws were initially extracted with horses and laid at the slope road. Later on the additional skidding with skidder tractor was done. Continuous timing of individual operations was performed with the use of a microcomputer equipped with time measurement software (accuracy of 1 second). We also determined skidding distance using a GPS device, the number of extracted logs in the load, and the volume of the logs. The total timing measurements lasted for a total of 70 h 24 min 27 s. During that time, the tractor made 72 cycles, transporting 998 logs with a total volume of 493.3 m³. In the mature stand, the average skidding distance amounted to approximately 1,160 m, a single load consisted of 3−4 logs with a volume of 7.7 m³. The operational efficiency of the skidding was 9.1 m³/h. In the thinning stand, the skidding distance was 1,230 m, the average load consisted of 22 logs with a volume of 5.8 m³. The operational efficiency amounted to 7.8 m³/h, on average. The working time structure was dominated by auxiliary (over 60%) and effective (nearly 30%) times. The obtained regression models of the duration of activities from the group of operational times were characterised by high correlation coefficient (about 0.75 for skidding time and driving without a load). Relatively strong relationships (r > 0.5) were also found between the times of collecting cable pulling and load attachment, and the volume of the extracted loads, and in the case of the times of collecting cable pulling also the type of treatment performed. The regression models for the times of log stacking, pulling the loads up with the winch and detaching them, despite the fact that they were statistically significant, characterised by relatively low correlation coefficients. The relationship between skidding efficiency and skidding distance was also determined (fig.). The duration of skidding cycles was described using the multiple regression with the volume of single loads and the skidding distance as the determinants. The regression models of skidding efficiency and time−consumption of skidding cycles may find practical application in estimating the efficiency of the tasks performed in stands and under conditions similar to those analysed in the present research.
9
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Rozmiar i charakter naruszeń wierzchniej warstwy gleby powstałych podczas pozyskiwania i zrywki drewna w trzebieżach wczesnych drzewostanów świerkowych

51%
Sowa J., Kulak D., Stanczykiewicz A., Szewczyk G.
Sylwan
|
2011
|
tom 155
|
nr 05
10
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Czasochłonność zrywki drewna skiderem z drzewostanu do szlaku operacyjnego

51%
Szewczyk G., Kulak D., Stanczykiewicz A.
Sylwan
|
2020
|
tom 164
|
nr 04
Skidders are used at two stages of log extraction: when pulling logs to a skid trail and for further semi−suspended log skidding along the trail to a landing. The aim of the study is to characterise the working time structure of a skidder operator performing timber extraction from the stand to the trail, and to develop time−consumption models depending on terrain slope and skidding distance. The research was done in stands situated in central and southern Poland, where late thinning and cutting in areas between tree groups (group clear cut) were performed. The timber was transported to skid trails by means of LKT 82 cable skidders. The timber was pulled to the trail on slopes with inclinations ranging from –30° (up the slope) via 0° (on a flat surface) to 38° (down the slope) at a maximum distance of 70 m. Time study of work cycles was performed and the volume of timber harvested in each package was calculated. Analyses of working time and its time consumption were performed for the operational working time. The measurements covered a total of 269 log extraction cycles with a total duration of over 20 hours. Altogether 752 logs with a total volume of over 520 m³ were extracted. The large share of time was devoted to load attaching and detaching (40%). Quite a large share of log extraction (24%) was associated with the long skidding distances. The time of stretching the collecting rope in the case of skidding up the slope (an average of 60 s) was significantly shorter than in the flat terrain or skidding down the slope (70 s). The average duration of a skidding cycle was also affected by the direction of the slope. Rectilinear relationships were determined between the duration of a skidding cycle and the terrain slope, as well as the skidding distance. The combined effect of these features on the duration of skidding was described. The duration of a skidding cycle was influenced by distance (61% of the general variability) more than the slope (16%). The time consumption of the skidding amounted to ca 12 min/m³. Two homogeneous groups were determined: uphill skidding as well as skidding in flat terrain and downhill. The relationship between the time consumption and the number of logs extracted along with their volume took the form of an exponential regression. The time consumption standard of log extraction performed with the use of a skidder along a skid trail should be supplemented with the time of forming timber packages in the stand and pulling them to the trail, with an additional distinction between the direction of skidding and terrain slope.
11

Damages to the surface layer of soil during timber harvesting using the equipment aggregated with farm tractors

51%
Kulak D., Sowa J. M., Stanczykiewicz A., Szewczyk G.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria
|
2012
|
tom 11
|
nr 2
In the study, impact of three devices aggregated with farm tractors on forest soil was compared – FRANSGARD 6000 GS cable winch and two processors – NIAB 5-15 and HYPRO 450. The basic difference between the above mentioned machines consists in the fact that the cable winch skids debranched tree stems while processors skid the whole trees, including their tree-tops. The percentage of soil injured in late pine stand thinning reached, respectively: 1.2%, 2.2% and 5.5%. The analysis of significance of differences in Ug indicators characterising the damages induced has shown that only the indicator computed for HYPRO processor is significantly higher than the others. However, as the simulation performed has confirmed, appropriate thickening of skidding routes enables to achieve a comparable level of damages for all the machines examined. Taking into account the impact on forest soil, application of processors aggregated with farm tractors can be recommended for thinning stands.
12

Cena za jakość

51%
Stanczykiewicz A., Sowa J., Szewczyk G.
Drwal. Pismo Przedsiębiorców Leśnych
|
2013
|
nr 04
13

Multifactor analysis of time consumption in manipulation and cutting stacked wood into length

51%
Szewczyk G., Sowa J. M., Kulak D., Stanczykiewicz A.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria
|
2012
|
tom 11
|
nr 2
Cutting stacked wood into length by means of a petrol chainsaw is a typical technical and technological wood harvesting solution. Due to the fact that wood harvesting is most commonly performed with the use of Tree-Length-System (TLS) or Long-Length-System (LLS), cutting into length in Poland is performed either after the first stage of skidding stems or logs to the skidding route or after the second stage of transportation, that is at the depot. Research was carried out in depots, during early and late thinnings of pine, fir, spruce and beech stands by means of manipulation and cutting into lengths using petrol chainsaws (Table 1). The aim of the study was to specify time consumption on the basis of the relativeness of EST = f (category of harvesting, roller’s length, chosen elements of the working day structure). Continuous time-motion analysis was carried out, according to the classification presented in Table 2. After completing harvesting, the produced material was received. Figure 1 presents the percentage of work activities observed in operational time. Performing cutting into length activities at a discussed working site resulted in high time percentage in case of T12 and T22 times. Table 3 presents the average values of time consumption correlated in terms of soft and hard wood species in the categories of early and late thinning stands. Some statistically significant differences in labour consumption levels have been demonstrated in case of specific stands and harvesting technologies. One multiple regression equation has been estimated – for early and late thinning. The regression model has been expressed by a formula (1). The equation parameters have been compiled in Table 4. Research results point to the relation between time consumption, the specific elements of the time structure of a working day, and the length of produced rollers expressing variable volume of produced rollers.
14

Rozmiar i rozmieszczenie naruszeń wierzchnich warstw gleby przy zrywce konnej w trzebieżach wczesnych drzewostanów jodłowych

51%
Kulak D., Szewczyk G., Stanczykiewicz A.
Nauka Przyroda Technologie. Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu
|
2014
|
tom 08
|
nr 1
15

Wpływ zrywki drewna z użyciem siągników typu skider na uszkodzenia gleby w górskich drzewostanach jodłowo-bukowych

51%
Kulak D., Stanczykiewicz A., Szewczyk G., Kobialka P.
Forestry Letters
|
2013
|
tom 105
16

Poziom obciążenia pracą robotników przy pozyskiwaniu drewna z wykorzystaniem procesorów agregowanych z ciągnikami rolniczymi w trzebieżach drzewostanów sosnowych

51%
Leszczynski K., Stanczykiewicz A., Sowa J. M.
Nauka Przyroda Technologie. Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu
|
2012
|
tom 06
|
nr 3
Przedmiotem badań było określenie poziomu uciążliwości pracy związanej z pozyskaniem drewna w selekcyjnych trzebieżach wczesnych i późnych drzewostanów sosnowych. W trakcie zabiegów zastosowano ręczno-maszynową technologię pracy w ramach systemu drewna krótkiego. Ścinka i obalanie drzew były realizowane przez pilarza z kilkuletnim stażem pracy. Do okrzesywania i przerzynki drewna zastosowano procesory NIAB 5-15 oraz HYPRO 450 wyposażone w sterowane radiowo przez operatora wciągarki linowe wykorzystywane w pierwszym etapie zrywki. Wydatek energetyczny określono na podstawie wentylacji płuc. Pomiary wykonano miernikiem wydatku MWE-1 produkcji polskiej. Przeciętny wydatek energetyczny podczas pracy drwala w technologii z procesorem wyniósł około 26,2 kJ/min, podczas gdy przeciętny wydatek energetyczny operatora procesora wyniósł 13,8 kJ/min. Analizy kosztu energetycznego wykonywanych prac wskazują na relatywnie niewielkie obciążenia operatora procesora oraz znaczne zmniejszenie obciążeń pilarza współpracującego z procesorem. Jednak, ze względu na występowanie pojedynczych operacji wymagających znacznego zaangażowania fizycznego, pracę na obu stanowiskach można kwalifikować jako ciężką.
17

Podstawy metodyczne waloryzacji uzupełnijących czasów pracy w operacjach pozyskiwania i zrywki drewna

51%
Szewczyk G., Sowa J., Kulak D., Stanczykiewicz A.
Forestry Letters
|
2013
|
tom 105
18
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Wpływ zrywki konnej na uszkodzenia wierzchnich warstw gleby w trzebieżowych drzewostanach sosnowych

51%
Kulak D., Stanczykiewicz A., Szewczyk G.
Studia i Materiały Centrum Edukacji Przyrodniczo-Leśnej
|
2014
|
tom 16
|
nr 2B[39]
19
Artykuł dostępny w postaci pełnego tekstu - kliknij by otworzyć plik
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Effectiveness of branch mats in soil protection on skidding trails during timber forwarding

51%
Kulak D., Leszczynski K., Stanczykiewicz A., Szewczyk G.
Sylwan
|
2023
|
tom 167
|
nr 03
20

Damage to trees and regeneration layer resulting from timber harvesting with the use of equipment aggregated with farm tractors in thinned pine stands

45%
Stanczykiewicz A., Sowa J. M., Kulak D., Leszczynski K., Szewczyk G.
Acta Scientiarum Polonorum. Silvarum Colendarum Ratio et Industria Lignaria
|
2012
|
tom 11
|
nr 2
The research was conducted in pine stands where selective early and late thinning was carried out with the use of NIAB 5-15 and HYPRO 450 debranching and cutting processors along with a FRANSGÅRD V-6000 GS cable winch aggregated with farm tractors. In case of cut-to-length system, timber harvesting was executed by means of processors and in case of tree-length system – by means of a cable winch. The harvested timber was forwarded to the depots in the second stage with the use of self-loading trailers or skidded with the use of a cable winch. Tree damage in case of processor technology oscillated at the level of 3.1-11.3%, and in case of a cable winch: 3.0-10.9%. The level of damage to the regeneration layer amounted to 4.1-27.1% for the areas where processors had been used. For the areas where timber was harvested by means of a cable winch, the level of tree damage was 5.2 -14.0% of trees growing under the main stand’s crown layer.
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