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This study was to discover if there is any relationship between antioxidant status after harvest and bioactives fate during apple storage. The clearer link in this issue concerned enzymatic part of antioxidant apparatus, for which the particularly high year effect was noted. Except for anthocyanins, non-enzymatic bioactives end-status was not strictly related to their harvest size. However the content during the first months of storage might be closely connected with antioxidant status measured after harvest. A significantly higher concentration of majority assessed antioxidants was characterized by apple harvested and stored in 2005/2006 season, on the average. Simultaneously many, statistically proved, correlations over storage between the examined antioxidants at that time existed. Total antioxidant power (FRAP assay) significantly increased after the first storage period, probably as a result of fruit acclimatory response to storage conditions, and next decreased. In general, changes of FRAP value reflected fluctuations of individual compounds measured in this study.
The study was carried out on two highbush blueberry cultivars: Bluecrop and Darrow in 2001 and 2002 seasons. Analyses for phytochemical contents in berries were made during commercial maturity of fruit. Concentration of anthocyanins and low molecular weight thiol compounds was significantly higher in ´Darrow´ berries in comparison to Bluecrop cv., irrespective of the harvest year. Tested cultivars did not differ in the ratio of the reduced form of glutathione in its total quantity. As opposed to this, the higher proportion of the reduced form of ascorbate in its total concentration was noted for ´Bluecrop´, but it was statistically proven only in the first year of research. A very low activity of antioxidative enzymes was noted, however on the average, considerably higher activity of glutathione reductase showed ´Darrow´, whereas ´Bluecrop´ had higher catalase activity. The ascorbate peroxidase activity was not detected in the extracts of ´Bluecrop´s’ berries. Berries of ´Darrow´, which exhibited, in general, the higher antioxidants content in the first year of the study, were harvested at two different dates in 2002: in the middle of July and at the end of August. The harvest date had a significant effect on the level of some phytochemicals. The fruit harvested in August had lower content of cysteine, glutathione, phenolics, flavonols and anthocyanins than the ones harvested in July. Ascorbate content was similar at both harvest dates. Growing season also had the influence on antioxidant properties, especially on the content of ascorbic acid.
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