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Analysis of the athlete burnout phenomenon: The past, the present and the future of athlete burnout research

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Akhrem A., Gazdowska Z.
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity. The Journal of Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport
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2016
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tom 08
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nr 3
The paper describes traditional and alternative conceptualizations of athlete burnout, measurement instruments, the most recent studies investigating athlete burnout and potential prevention and intervention strategies. Athlete burnout, being an extremely aversive experiential state, is a serious problem for athletes and their coaches. It needs special treatment and discussion because of the severe consequences it leads to. Burned-out athletes are likely to withdraw from sport despite time, efforts and money they invested into it. However, the decision to leave sport usually does not relieve symptoms of burnout, but may also worsen athletes’ moral state. Therefore, it is not surprising that this topic has become a subject of scientists’ interest. Athlete burnout has been a matter of scientific dispute since mid-1970s. A number of theoretical conceptualizations explaining burnout in athletes have been introduced, three various tools for its measurement have been suggested, a number of empirical studies have been conducted and are in the process of being conducting at this very moment, but still there are plenty of issues in the area of athlete burnout awaiting explanations. The research on burnout constantly continues. The development of positive psychology and increased attention to positive organizational behavior of workers contribute to burnout being viewed as lack of engagement, and this perspective of burnout is likely to lead to the understanding of burnout as a negative pole on the continuum of employee well-being. Thus, future research would need to establish which factors are responsible for job engagement and employee well-being in order to explore possible burnout intervention and prevention strategies.
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Właściwości psychometryczne polskiej wersji Inwentarza Pewności Siebie w sporcie (TSCI-PL) – badanie pilotażowe

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Gazdowska Z., Parzelski D.
Aktywność Ruchowa Ludzi w Różnym Wieku
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2016
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tom 3[31]
The aim of the work is to present the psychometric properties of the polish version of Trait Sport-Confidence Inventory (TSCI-PL), which measures the level of sport-confidence as a trait. Robin Vealey designed the inventory (1986). The pilot study of the polish adaptation was conducted on 100 active athletes, both professional and amateur. Participants completed Trait Sport-Confidence Inventory as well as Multidimensional Self-Esteem Inventory. The analyses have confirmed high reliability and construct validity of TSCI-PL. Correlations with MSEI scales have confirmed the criterion validity of the adapted tool. The questionnaire requires further research, as well as examining a bigger group of participants, through the Internet and in person. As a result, a useful tool, characterized by satisfactory psychometric properties will be adapted for use in Poland.
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Psychometric properties and validation of the Polish adaptation of the Trait Sport-Confidence Inventory (TSCI-PL)

80%
Gazdowska Z., Parzelski D., Vealey R.
Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity. The Journal of Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport
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2017
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tom 09
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nr 3
Background: The purpose of the study was to validate and adapt the Trait Sport-Confidence Inventory (TSCI-PL) for use in Poland. Robin Vealey created the original tool (TSCI), which consisted of 13 self-assessment items. The phases of the adaptation procedures are described in this paper. Material/Methods: 353 amateur and professional Polish athletes took part in the study. The participants filled in the TSCI-PL, SSCQ-PL and MSEI questionnaires as well as a short demographic survey. Results: Reliability of the TSCI-PL as well as the discriminatory power of the items turned out to be high. The internal validity of the TSCI-PL was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis, as a single factor model of TSCI-PL was well matched to the data. The criterion validity of the TSCI-PL was confirmed, based on numerous correlations with SSCQ-PL and MSEI scales. Moreover, no significant correlation or difference regarding age and gender has been noted. Conclusions: Results confirmed satisfactory psychometric properties of the Polish adaptation of TSCI-PL. Therefore, the tool is ready for use among Polish sport psychologists.
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