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Neoplasia is one of the paradigmatic psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) disorders, and several studies showcased clinical associations between behavioral and emotional states and cancer and between those states and the immune system. If clinically relevant PNI effects on cancer were to be found, they would likely depend on selection of appropriate parameters: tumors susceptible to identifi ed immunologic functions; immune effects acting at appropriate points in the natural history of neoplastic disease, and effective immunomodulatory intervention. Animal studies suggest that natural killer (NK) cells are important for cancer control, especially with respect to dissemination and growth of metastasis. Surgical and psychological stress have been reported to suppress NK activity (NKCC) in animals and humans and this suppression was shown to compromise animal resistance to tumor progression. Studies published by Ben-Eliyahu showed powerful model of stressrelated NK-dependent metastasis. Metastatic progression in their MADB106 mammary adenocarcinoma model is related to surgical stress, swim stress, hypothermia or social confrontation and stress hormone-induced suppression of NKCC that is not dependent on physical dissemination of the primary tumor. Moreover, perioperative suppression of NKCC in the immediate postoperative period may contribute in part to the risk of subsequent emergence of metastasis, and perioperative interventios that reduce this risk may improve patient outcome.
The results of morphological and anatomical studies on Pinus uliginosa needles from newly-discovered localities of this species in Węglowiec (Bory Dolnośląskie) are presented. The data obtained were compared to similar published material on P. uliginosa needles from its loco classico in Batorow and from the lowland locality in Węgliniec Nature Reserve, and to P. sylvestris growing nearby. In terms of needle structure, all three P. uliginosa populations were slightly different. The samples analyzed differed markedly from the sample of P. sylvestris, which contradicts the hypothesis that Scots pine has had a significant influence on the gene pool of P. uliginosa.
Temperature is a factor which affects microbiological quality of feeds during their storage. Three storage temperatures of the feeds for fish were taken into account in this study: -11°C, 5°C and 20°C. Analyses comprised the survival of proteolytic, ammonifying, psychrophilic and mesophilic bacteria as well as fungi. It was found that after 72-day storage of fish feed at the three temperatures, fungi showed the highest survival (56% - 80%). As regards the four physiological groups of bacteria, the highest survival was observed for mesophilic bacteria (6.25% - 9.58%), followed by psychrophilic ones (2.5 - 3.25%) and ammonifiers (0.07 - 0.11%), while proteolytic bacteria showed the lowest survival (0%). No live cells of the latter bacteria were observed after 64-day storage of the feed at -11 and 5°C, and after 72-day storage at 20°C.
Studies were carried out on the survival of six strains of bacteria: Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Streptococcus faecalis, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus in fish feeds stored for 72 days in -11°C, 5°C and 20°C. On the last day of the study live cells of all bacterial strains were found in the feed stored in -11°C, of three strains in 5°C and two in 20°C. Two strains, Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus cereus survived throughout the whole storage period in all three temperatures.
Evaluation of water in the southern part of Leginski Lake and its usefulness for recreation was carried out on the basis of the following criteria: Kohl 1975 and Kavka 1987 in Albinger's modification; U.S Department of the Interior, Federal Water Pollution Control Administration; and the European Committee for the Quality of Water for Bathing Purposes. Research work was aimed at determining the number of bacteria indicatory of pollution (Total Viable Count 20°C) and sanitary state (FC and FS). Samples of water and bottom sediments were examined at three different sites. The results revealed that water in the southern part of Leginski Lake can be used for recreational purposes. The majority of samples examined was classi­fied as clean or little polluted. A higher degree of water loading was found only at the outlet of the stream coming from biological ponds of the local water-treatment plant.
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