Forma korony a uszkodzenia mrozowe pędów i pąków kwiatowych drzew brzoskwini

• Autorzy: Szewczuk A. , Jawoszek B. , Gudarowska E.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Crown shape and frost damage to shoots and flower buds of peach trees

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

EN

The experiment was conducted at the Experimental Fruit - Growing Station in Samotwór, belonging to the Wroc ł aw University of Environmental and Life Sciences. The aim of the study was to determine the extent of damage to the shoots and flower buds of peach trees after the winter of 2009/2010, when the temperature fell to - 24 to - 26 o C. Under evaluation were six - year - old trees of the cultivars ‘Redhaven’ and ‘Inka’ grown at a spacing depending on the type of canopy: 4 x 3 m (open vase), 4 x 1 m (vertical axis), and five - year - old trees of ‘Suncrest’ and ‘Cresthaven’ grown at 3.5 x 1 m (vertical axis), 3.75 x 2 m (spindle), and 4.25 x 3 m (open vase). The degree of damage to one - year - old shoots was estimated by using a five - point scale according to Ho ł ubowicz’s test. Flower buds were dissected and divided into two groups (healthy and damaged). The shoots under assessment came from the top and bottom part of the crown. The trees were of different heights, depending on the form of the crown. The highest trees were trained in the form of a vertical axis and the lowest as an open vase. The temperature of - 24 o C did not cause large differences in the degree of damage to the shoots of ‘Inka’ and ‘Redhaven’ trees in relation to the type of crown. Only in the case of ‘Redhaven’ trees, greater damage to lower shoots was noted in the open vase system in comparison with vertical axis. Following the - 26 o C frost, the crown form was found to have no effect on the extent of damage to t he lower shoots of 'Suncrest' and 'Cresthaven' peach trees. Only in the case of the shoots at the top of the tree, more serious damage was found in 'Cresthaven' trees shaped as an open vase. Irrespective of the crown shape, the low temperatures had caused severe damage to flower buds in the lower part of the crown. In the upper part of the crown, considerably fewer damaged buds were found in the taller trees shaped as a vertical axis in comparison with the shorter ones shaped as an open vase.

Słowa kluczowe

PL

brzoskwinia; drzewa owocowe; forma korony; odmiany roslin; paki kwiatowe; pedy; pedy jednoroczne; temperatura powietrza; uszkodzenia mrozowe; wrazliwosc roslin; zima

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Zeszyty Naukowe Instytutu Sadownictwa i Kwiaciarstwa w Skierniewicach
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: 18
• Opis fizyczny: s.39-49,tab.,wykr.,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Szewczuk A.

• Katedra Ogrodnictwa, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy we Wrocławiu, pl.Grunwaldzki 24a, 50-363 Wrocław

autor

Jawoszek B.

autor

Gudarowska E.

Bibliografia

• DeJong T.M., Tsuji W., Doyle J.F., Grossman Y.L. 1999. Comparative economic efficiency of for peach production system in California. Hort Sci. 34(1): 73-78.
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• Iwaniszyniec P., Hołubowicz T. 1997. Porównanie wyników oceny wytrzymałości na mróz jednorocznych pędów gruszy trzema metodami: różnicową analizą termiczną, testem przeżyciowym i metodą kondukto-metryczną. X Ogólnokrajowe Sem. Grupy Roboczej „Mrozoodporność”, 23-24 maja, 97-100.
• Jakubowski T. 1986. Evaluation of frost injures to peaches after a test winter of 1984-1985. Fruit Sci. Rep. 13(3): 117-122.
• Jakubowski T. 2005. Plonowanie drzew brzoskwiń po testowej zimie 2002/2003. XIV Ogólnopol. Sem. Sekcji „ Mrozoodporność”, 23-24 maja, 121-124.
• Morgaś H.,Szymczak J. 2007. Jakość owoców brzoskwini (Primus persica L. Batsch) w zależności od miejsca ich wyrastania w koronie drzewa i systemu uprawy. Zesz. Nauk. Inst. Sadów. Kwiac. 15: 5-15.
• Radajewska B., Pisarska L. 1994. Brzoskwinie i nektaryny po zimie 1993/94 w Przybrodzie koło Poznania. XXXIII Ogólnopol. Nauk. Konf. Sadów. Skierniewice ISK, 27-28 września, 135-136.
• Rieger M., Myers S.C. 1996. Growth and yield of high density peach tree as influenced by spacing and rooting. Acta Hort. 451: 611-616.
• Singh H., Kanwar J.S. 2004. Effect of planting distances and training systems on light interception in high density plantations of peach trees grown under subtropical conditions. Acta Hort. 662: 225-229.
• Szewczuk A.,Gudarowska E., Dereń D. 2007. The estimation of frost damage of some peach and sweet cherry cultivars after winter 2005/2006. J. Fruit. Omam. Plant Res. 15: 55-63.

Uwagi

PL

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