Evidence for the dual role of floral secretory cells in Bulbophyllum

• Autorzy: Stpiczynska M. , Davies K.L.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Floral epidermal cells of most species of Bulbophyllum Thouars studied to date produce both lipid-rich foodrewards and fragrance. Since fragrances largely consist of terpenoids and have an affinity for lipophilic stains, the simultaneous presence of lipid-rich food-rewards frustrates identification of fragrance-secreting cells by conventional histochemistry. Furthermore, since both lipid-rich food-rewards and fragrances are probably synthesized by a similar complement of organelles, interpretation of TEM images can prove difficult. All members of section Racemosae Benth. & Hook. f. investigated to date, however, are unusual in their secretion of a predominantly proteinaceous food-reward, and lipids are seemingly absent. This might enable their use as models for the identification and characterization of fragrance-secreting tissues and organelles. Three members of sect. Racemosae were chosen, namely Bulbophyllum dissitiflorum Seidenf., B. lilacinum Ridl. and B. tricorne Seidenf. & Smitinand. All produced food-rewards. Of these, one (B. dissitiflorum) lacked fragrance and was used as a control, whereas the remaining two species produced fragrance. Having established that the food-reward was mainly proteinaceous in each case, and did not test positively for lipid, we undertook further histochemical investigations, as well as light microscopy, SEM and TEM. Specialized palisade-like epidermal cells of all species contained protein bodies and rough endoplasmic reticulum consistent with the production and secretion of a protein-rich food-reward. Cuticular pores were also present. In fragrant species, these cells also contained abundant smooth endoplasmic reticulum, oil droplets and many, well-developed, spherical plastids with numerous plastoglobuli, similar to those found in the osmophores (fragrance-producing structures) of other orchids. Indeterminate, osmiophilic cytoplasmic inclusions were also present. By contrast, the non-fragrant species lacked oil droplets and other osmiophilic inclusions and the plastids were scant, poorly developed, often elongate or irregular in shape and contained few plastoglobuli. Smooth endoplasmic reticulum was also less frequent. Since food-rewards tested negatively for lipid, it is probable that any oil droplets present were involved in fragrance production, especially since they were absent from the non-fragrant species. Thus, the unusual absence of lipids from the food-rewards of sect. Racemosae provided a rare opportunity, permitting, for the first time, the unraveling of these two secretory processes (food-reward and fragrance) in Bulbophyllum and clearly demonstrating the plasticity of these cells and their dual role in secretion.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Bulbophyllum; secretory cell; plant anatomy; fragrance; histochemistry; micromorphology; protein; secretion; ultrastructure

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica
• Rocznik: 2016
• Tom: 58
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.57-69,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Stpiczynska M.

• Faculty of Biology, Botanic Garden, University of Warsaw, Al. Ujazdowskie 4, 00-478 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Davies K.L.

• School of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK

Bibliografia

• ANTOŃ S, KAMIŃSKA M, and STPICZYŃSKA M. 2012. Comparative structure of the osmophores in the flower of Stanhopea graveolens Lindley and Cycnoches chlorochilon Klotzsch (Orchidaceae). Acta Agrobotanica 65: 11–22.
• BASSHAM DC. 2002. Golgi-independent trafficking of macromolecules to the plant vacuole. Advances in Botanical Research 38: 66–92.
• BRAGA P. 1977. Aspectos biologicos das Orchidaceae da Amazônica Central. Acta Amazonica, Manaus 7: 1–89.
• BRUMMITT RK, POWELL CE. 1992. Authors of plant names. Kew, UK: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
• BURRIEZA HP, LOPEZ-FERNANDEZ MP, and MALDONADO S. 2014. Analogous reserve distribution and tissue characteristics in quinoa and grass seeds suggest convergent evolution. Frontiers in Plant Science, doi: 10.3389/fpls.2014.00546.
• CURRY KJ, MCDOWELL LM, JUDD WS, and STERN WL. 1991. Osmophores, floral features and systematics of Stanhopea (Orchidaceae). American Journal of Botany 78(5): 610–623.
• DAVIES KL, and STPICZYŃSKA M. 2009. Comparative histology of floral elaiophores in the orchids Rudolfiella picta (Schltr.) Hoehne (Maxillariinae sensu lato) and Oncidium ornithorhynchum H.B.K. (Oncidiinae sensu lato). Annals of Botany 104: 221–234.
• DAVIES KL, and STPICZYŃSKA M. 2014. Labellar anatomy and secretion in Bulbophyllum Thouars (Orchidaceae: Bulbophyllinae) sect. Racemosae Benth. & Hook. f. Annals of Botany 114: 889–911.
• DAVIES KL, STPICZYŃSKA M, and RAWSKI M. 2014. Comparative anatomy of floral elaiophores in Vitekorchis Romowicz & Szlach., Cyrtochilum Kunth and a florally dimorphic species of Oncidium Sw. (Orchidaceae: Oncidiinae). Annals of Botany 113: 1155–1173.
• DAVIES KL, and TURNER MP. 2004. Morphology of floral papillae in Maxillaria Ruiz & Pav. (Orchidaceae). Annals of Botany 93: 75–86.
• DAVIES KL, TURNER MP and GREGG A. 2003. Lipoidal labellar secretions in Maxillaria Ruiz & Pav. (Orchidaceae). Annals of Botany 91: 439–446.
• de PÁDUA TEIXEIRA S, BORBA EL, and SEMIR J. 2004. Lip anatomy and its implications for the pollination mechanisms of Bulbophyllum species (Orchidaceae). Annals of Botany 93: 499–505.
• FISHER DB. 1968. Protein staining of ribboned epon sections for light microscopy. Histochemie 16: 92–96.
• FLACH A, DONDON RC, SINGER RB, KOEHLER S, AMARAL MCE, and MARSAIOLI AJ. 2004. The chemistry of pollination in selected Brazilian Maxillariinae orchids: floral rewards and fragrance. Journal of Chemical Ecology 30: 1045–1056.
• HERMAN EM, and LARKINS BA. 1999. Protein storage bodies and vacuoles. The Plant Cell 11: 601–613.
• JENSEN WA. 1962. Botanical histochemistry: Principle and practice. W.H. Freeman, San Francisco, California, USA.
• JIANG L, and ROGERS JC. 2001. Compartmentation of proteins in the protein storage vacuole: a compound organelle in plant cells. Advances in Botanical Research 35: 139–170.
• KOWALKOWSKA AK, KOZIERADZKA-KISZKURNO M. and TURZYŃSKI S. 2015. Morphological, histological and ultrastructural features of osmophores and nectary of Bulbophyllum wendlandianum (Kraenzl.) Dammer (B. section Cirrhopetalum Lindl., Bulbophyllinae Schltr., Orchidaceae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 301: 609–622.
• MELO MC, BORBA EL, and PAIVA EAS. 2010. Morphological and histological characterization of the osmophores and nectaries of four species of Acianthera (Orchidaceae: Pleurothallidinae). Plant Systematics and Evolution 286: 141–151.
• NEPI M. 2007. Nectary structure and ultrastructure. In: Nectaries and Nectar. S. Nicolson, M. Nepi and E. Pacini (Eds). Springer, Dordrecht, Netherlands. 129–166.
• NUNES ELP, SMIDT EC, STÜTZEL T, and COAN AI. 2014. What do floral anatomy and micromorphology tell us about Neotropical Bulbophyllum section Didactyle (Orchidaceae: Bulbophyllinae)? Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 175: 438–452.
• NUNES ELP, SMIDT EC, STÜTZEL T, and COAN AI. 2015. Comparative floral micromorphology and anatomy of species of Bulbophyllum section Napelli (Orchidaceae), a Neotropical section widely distributed in forest habitats. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 177: 378–394.
• ONG PT, and TAN KH. 2012. Three species of Bulbophyllum Section Racemosae pollinated by Drosophila flies. Malesian Orchid Journal 9: 45–50.
• POHL F. 1935. Zwei Bulbophyllum-Arten mit besonders bemerkenswert gebauten Gleit- und Klemfallenblumen. Beiheft Botanisches Zentralblat. 53: 501–518.
• PRIDGEON AM, and STERN WL. 1983. Ultrastructure of osmophores in Restrepia (Orchidaceae). American Journal of Botany 70(8): 1233–1243.
• PRIDGEON AM, and STERN WL. 1985. Osmophores of Scaphosepalum (Orchidaceae). Botanical Gazette 146(1): 115–123.
• PRIDGEON AM, CRIBB PJ, CHASE MW, and RASMUSSEN FN. 2014. Genera Orchidacearum Volume 6; Epidendroideae (Part 3). Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK pp. 4–51.
• REYES FC, CHUNG T, HOLDING D, JUNG R, VIERSTRA R, and OTEGUI MS. 2011. Delivery of prolamins to the protein storage vacuole in maize aleurone cells. The Plant Cell 23: 769–784.
• REYNOLDS ES. 1963. The use of lead citrate at high pH as an electron-opaque stain for electron microscopy. Journal of Cell Biology 17: 208–212.
• RUZIN SE. 1999. Plant microtechnique and microscopy. Oxford University Press, New York.
• SANGUINETTI A, BUZATTO CR, PEDRON M, DAVIES KL, FERREIRA M de A, MALDONADO S, and SINGER RB. 2012. Floral features, pollinators and breeding system of Chloraea membranacea Lindl. (Orchidaceae: Chloraeinae). Annals of Botany 110(8): 1607–1621.
• STPICZYŃSKA M, DAVIES KL, and KAMIŃSKA M. 2015. Diverse labellar secretions in African Bulbophyllum (Orchidaceae: Bulbophyllinae) sections Ptiloglossum, Oreonastes and Megaclinium. Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 179: 266–287.
• van der CINGEL NA. 2001. An atlas of orchid pollination – America, Africa, Asia and Australia. A.A. Balkema, Rotterdam, Netherlands.
• van der PIJL L, and DODSON CH. 1969. Orchid flowers: their pollination and evolution. Coral Gables, Florida: University of Miami Press.
• VOGEL S. 1990. The role of scent glands in pollination. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C, USA.

Identyfikatory

DOI

10.1515/abcsb-2016-0013