Human exposure to silver released from silver-modified activated carbon applied in the new type of jug filter systems

• Autorzy: Garbos S. , Swiecicka D.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

Background. A water filtered by jug filter system (JFS) can be applied for the preparation of food products, as well as it can be directly consumed as drinking water. In the European Union, in both above-mentioned cases the quality of water filtered using JFSs has to fulfill the requirements listed in Directive 98/83/EC. However, Directive 98/83/EC sets no parametric value for silver, JFSs are not regulated under this legislative act and additionally, silver-modified activated carbon (applied in such systems) has not been approved by European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Therefore, the exposure to this metal should be assessed for all JFSs containing filtration cartridges with silver-modified activated carbon, present on the retail market. Objective. A comprehensive study was conducted in order to examine the effect of JFSs (consisted of filtration oval-cartridges of the new type with silver-modified activated carbon) on the quality of filtered water regarding the released amounts of silver. Silver migration from such type of cartridges has not been examined before. The aim of work was the assessment of exposure to silver released into filtered water from silver-modified activated carbon applied in such types of JFSs. Material and methods. Silver migration from six brands of JFSs (A–F) was investigated according to British Standard BS 8427:2004 using a validated inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry method. Results. The average daily silver concentrations in the composite samples collected on six measurement days for A, B, C, D, E and F JFSs were in the ranges of: 3.95–18.1 μg/l, 4.6–21.7 μg/l, 0.41–8.7 μg/l, 6.9–10.9 μg/l, 3.3–17.1 μg/l and 10.1–20.8 μg/l, respectively. The established grand mean concentrations of released silver from all six oval cartridges were in the range of 2.7–14.3 μg/l. The estimated Hazard Quotient (HQ) indices were in the range of 0.015–0.082 Conclusions. The estimated HQ indices were significantly lower than 1 and therefore no long-term risk for human health could be expected. All the investigated JFSs of the new type meet previously established provisional migration limit for silver from such systems – 25 μg/l.

PL

Wprowadzenie. Woda filtrowana za pomocą systemu filtra dzbankowego (JFS) może być użyta do przyrządzania produktów żywnościowych, jak również do bezpośredniej konsumpcji jako woda przeznaczona do spożycia. W Unii Europejskiej, w obydwu opisanych powyżej przypadkach jej jakość musi spełniać wymagania opisane w Dyrektywie 98/83/EC. Niemniej jednak w Dyrektywie 98/83/EC nie ustalono wartości parametrycznej w przypadku srebra, ww. akt legislacyjny nie obejmuje systemów JFS i dodatkowo węgiel aktywny modyfikowany srebrem (zastosowany w tych systemach) nie uzyskał aprobaty Europejskiego Urzędu ds. Bezpieczeństwa Żywności (EFSA). Dlatego też narażenie na ten metal musi być oszacowane w przypadkach wszystkich systemów JFS obecnych na rynku detalicznym. Cel pracy. Kompleksowe badania systemów JFS zawierających owalne wkłady filtracyjne nowego typu z węglem aktywnym modyfikowanym srebrem, przeprowadzono w celu określenia wpływu na jakość filtrowanej wody, biorąc pod uwagę wymywane ilości srebra. Migracja srebra z tego typu wkładów filtracyjnych nie była wcześniej badana. Celem pracy było również oszacowanie narażenia na srebro wymywane do filtrowanej wody z węgla aktywnego modyfikowanego srebrem zastosowanego w tego typu systemach JFS. Materiał i metody. Badania migracji srebra z sześciu rodzajów systemów JFS (A–F) przeprowadzono zgodnie z Normą Brytyjską BS 8427:2004, stosując zwalidowaną metodę opartą na spektrometrii mas z jonizacją w plazmie indukcyjnie sprzężonej.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

human exposure; silver; migration; silver-modified activated carbon; new type; jug filter system; Directive 98-83-EC

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Roczniki Państwowego Zakładu Higieny
• Rocznik: 2013
• Tom: 64
• Numer: 1
• Opis fizyczny: p.31-36,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Garbos S.

• Department of Environmental Hygiene, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland

autor

Swiecicka D.

• Department of Environmental Hygiene, National Institute of Public Health - National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Str., 00-791 Warsaw, Poland

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