Some aspects of cultivation and utilization of waxy maize (Zea mays L. ssp. ceratina)

• Autorzy: Klimek-Kopyra A. , Szmigiel A. , Zajac T. , Kidacka A.

Warianty tytułu

PL

Wybrane aspekty uprawy i użytkowania kukurydzy woskowej (Zea mays L. spp. ceratina)

• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

This paper is a review of available literature on Zea mays L.ssp.ceratina. It contains information on the origin, cultivation and utilization of waxy maize in the world and can be a contribution to the development of new research on maize cultivation and starch processing technology. Maize, as an old and economically important cereal, played an enormous role in the ancient civilisations of the New World. Among the maize subspecies compared, Z. mays ssp. indurata and Z. mays ssp. indentata are now the most important in Poland. The subspecies Z. mays ssp. saccharata has a marginal role, while Z. mays ssp. ceratina has not been hitherto cultivated. Decisions to introduce the subspecies Z. mays ssp. ceratina into cultivation are based on different grounds, taking into account both agro-climatic conditions and industrial uses of grain processing products. The growing demand for maize grain, stimulated by the increased demand for maize starch and oil in the global market as raw materials that are important in food production, is an impulse for the development of agrobiological research. The development of the starch industry, associated with the demand for industrial starch, will probably contribute to increased interest in this subspecies in Central Europe, also including Poland. Waxy maize grain can be a major ingredient of high-energy feeds for livestock, replacing in this role the type of maize that has been grown for this purpose until now. A great advantage of waxy maize is its specific structure of starch, due to its unique and high amylopectin content (95-98%), which creates unlimited possibilities of industrial use. Currently, waxy maize acreage in Europe does not exceed 2% of the maize crop area in this continent.

PL

Praca stanowi przegląd dostępnej literatury dotyczącej Zea mays L. ssp. ceratina. Zawiera informacje na temat pochodzenia uprawy i wykorzystania kukurydzy woskowej w świecie i może być przyczynkiem do rozwoju nowych badań z zakresu uprawy i technologii przetwórstwa skrobi. Kukurydza jako stare i wiodące produkcyjnie zboże odgrywała ogromną rolę w starożytnych cywilizacjach Nowego Świata. Obecnie w Polsce z porównywanych podgatunków kukurydzy największe znaczenie mają Z. mays ssp. indurata oraz Z. mays ssp. indentata. Niewielką pozycję ma podgatunek Z. mays ssp. saccharata, a Z. mays ssp. ceratina nie była dotychczas uprawiana. Decyzje o wprowadzeniu do uprawy podgatunku Z. mays ssp. ceratina są różnorodnej proweniencji, zarówno agroklimatycznej jak i zastosowań przemysłowych produktów uzyskanych z przerobu ziarna. Impulsem do rozwijania badań agrobiologicznych jest rosnący popyt na ziarno kukurydzy, stymulowany zwiększonym zapotrzebowaniem światowego rynku na skrobię i olej kukurydziany, jako surowce mające znaczenie w produkcji żywności. Rozwój przemysłu skrobiowego, związany z zapotrzebowaniem na skrobię przemysłową, przyczyni się zapewne do wzrostu zainteresowania tym podgatunkiem w Europie Środkowej, w tym również w Polsce. Ziarno kukurydzy woskowej może stanowić podstawowy składnik pasz wysokoenergetycznych dla zwierząt gospodarskich, zastępując w tej roli kukurydzę dotychczas uprawianą do tych celów. Dużym atutem kukurydzy woskowej jest specyficzna budowa skrobi, z uwagi na unikatową i wysoką zawartość amylopektyny (95-98%), co nadaje nieograniczone możliwości wykorzystania przemysłowego. Obecnie areał kukurydzy woskowej w Europie nie przekracza 2% powierzchni zasiewów kukurydzy na kontynencie.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Agrobotanica
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: 65
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: p.3-12,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Klimek-Kopyra A.

• Department of Plant Production, Institute of Plant Production, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland

autor

Szmigiel A.

• Department of Plant Production, Institute of Plant Production, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland

autor

Zajac T.

• Department of Plant Production, Institute of Plant Production, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Mickiewicza 21, 31-120 Krakow, Poland

autor

Kidacka A.

• Malopolska Plant Breeding HBP-Limited Liability Company, Zbozowa 4, 30-002 Krakow, Poland

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