Lead toxicity evaluation in ramz grazing on pasture during autumn and winter:a case study

• Autorzy: Khan Z.I. , Ashraf M. , Ahmad K. , Bayat A. , Mukhtar M. K. , Naqvi S. A. H. , Nawaz R. , Zaib M. J. , Shaheen M.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

A study was conducted to appraise the levels of lead (Pb) in soils, pastures, and plasma of 20 rams raised in a farm alleged to have metal contamination. Samples of soil, pasture, and ram blood were taken four times with a one-month interval during autumn and winter, from October to January, and analyzed for Pb by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Considerable statistically significant differences were found in soil, pasture, and plasma Pb contents as a function of sampling time. The mean Pb values in soil ranged from 17.9 to 28.8 mg/kg, in forage from 9.92 to 16.4 mg/kg, and in plasma from 0.058 to 0.086 mg/1 with a steady dwindle with sampling times. Forage Pb concentrations found in the present study were higher than the decisive Pb level for animals, but lower than the toxic limits for forage, signifying no anticipation of toxicity present in rams grazing therein. A significant positive correlation also was found between soil and forage and between forage and blood plasma Pb during this study. Overall, soil, forage, and rams contained tolerable amounts of Pb, so there is no risk of Pb toxicity presently to the rams being reared at the animal farm under study.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
• Rocznik: 2012
• Tom: 21
• Numer: 5
• Opis fizyczny: p.1257-1260,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Khan Z.I.

• Department of Biological Sciences, University of Sargodha, Pakistan

autor

Ashraf M.

autor

Ahmad K.

autor

Bayat A.

autor

Mukhtar M. K.

autor

Naqvi S. A. H.

autor

Nawaz R.

autor

Zaib M. J.

autor

Shaheen M.

Bibliografia

• 1. TRIPATHI M. K., MONDAL D., KARIM S. A. Growth, haematology, blood constituents and immunological status of lambs fed graded levels of animal feed grade damaged wheat as substitute of maize. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutri. 92, 75, 2008.
• 2. FRELICH J., PECHAROVA E., KLIMES F., SLACHTA M., HAKROVA P., ZDRAZIL M. Landscape management by means of cattle pasturage in the submountain area of the Czech republik. Ecology, 25, SI 15, 2006.
• 3. JELINEK P., GAJDUŒEK S., ILLEK J. Relationship between selected indicators of milk and blood in sheep. Small Rumin. Res. 20, 53, 1996.
• 4. MASSANYI P., NAD P., TOMAN R., KOVACIK J. Concentrations of cadmium, lead, nickel, copper and zinc in various muscles of sheep. Die Bodenkultur 52, 255, 2001.
• 5. RAJCAKOVA L., GALLO M., MLYNAR R. Accumulation of copper, zinc, lead and cadmium in grass with high imission load and its effect on the production of grass mass. Slovak. J. Anim. Sci. 36, 221, 2003.
• 6. CERMAK B., LAD F., KLIMES F., JILEK R., KOBES M. Dynamic of nutrients quality characteristic of pasture in different altitude in South Bohemian region.Slovak J. Anim. Sci. 39, 99, 2006.
• 7. SKRIVANOVA V., SKRIVAN M, TUMOVA E., SEVCIKOVA S. Influence of dietary vitamin E and copper on fatty acid profile and cholesterol content of raw and cooked broiler meat. Czech J. Anim. Sci. 49, 71, 2004.
• 8. SOLAIMAN S. G., CRAIG JR T. J., REDDY G., SHOEMAKER C. E. Effect of high levels of Cu supplement on growth performance, rumen fermentation, and immune responses in goat kids. Small Rumin. Res. 69, 115, 2007.
• 9. ROBERTS J. R. Metal toxicity in children. In: Training manual on pediatric environmental health; Putting it into practice. Emeryville, CA: Children's Environmental Health Network http://www.cehn.org/cehn/trainingmanual/pdf/manual-ftill. pdf [Cited on 7th May 2011] 1999.
• 10. FARR G. The Hair Tissue Mineral Analysis/The trace metals http://www.becomehealthynow.com/article/hairchiro/123 [Cited on 7th May 2011] 2001.
• 11. FARR G. Why heavy metals are a hazard to your health. http://www.becomehealthynow.com/ebookprint.php?id=122 [Cited on 7th May 2011] 2004.
• 12. SZYCZEWSKI P., SIEPAK J., NIEDZIELSKI P., SOBCZYŃSKIT. Research on heavy metals in Poland. Pol. J. Environ. Stud. 18, 775, 2009.
• 13. KHAN Z. I., AHMAD K, ASHRAF M., NAQVI S. A. H., KASHAF S., EJAZ A., VALEEM E. E. Evaluation of potassium status of rams: The use of pasture and blood plasma as indicators under semi-arid environmental conditions in Punjab, Pakistan. Pak. J. Bot. 43, 3933, 2010.
• 14. KHAN Z. I., ASHRAF M., AL-QURAINY F., AHMAD K., GONDAL S., FARDOUS A. Studies on the transfer of copper from soil to pastures at different sampling periods: A case study of a semiarid region (Sargodha) in Pakistan. Biol. Trace Elem. Res. 2010.
• 15. KABATA-PENDIAS A., PENDIAS H. Trace Elements in Soils and Plants. 3rd ed.; CRC Press Inc.: Boca Raton, USA, 2000.
• 16. BOWEN H.J.M. Trace Elements in Biochemistry. 1st ed.; Academic Press: New York, USA, 1996.
• 17. FRANK C.L.U. Basic toxicology. Fundamentals, target organs, and risk assessment. 2nd ed.; Hemisphere Publishing Corporation: NY, pp. 361, 1991.
• 18. MLAY P.S., MGUMIA Y.O. Levels of lead and copper in plasma of dairy cows, pastures, soil and water from selected areas of Morogoro suburbs, Tanzania. Livestock Research for Rural Development. Volume 20, Article #60. Retrieved November 26, 2010, from http://www.lrrd.Org/lrrd20/4/mlay20060.htm. 2008.
• 19. ROSS M.S. Source and form of potentially toxic metals in soil plant system. In: Toxic metals in soil-plant system (ed Ross MS). John Wiley: Chichester, pp. 3-25, 1994.
• 20. TOKALIOGLU S., KARTAL S., GUNIS A. A. Determination of heavy metals in soil extracts and plant tissues at around of zinc smelter. Int. J. Environ. Analyt. Chem. 80,210, 2000.
• 21. LI Y., MCCRORY D. F., POWELL J. M., SAAM H., JACKSON-SMITH D. A survey of selected heavy metal concentration in Wisconsin dairy feeds. J. Dairy Sci. 88, 2911, 2005.
• 22. ANNONYMOUS Mineral tolerance of domestic animals. National Academy of Sciences, National Research Council, Washington, DC. 1980.
• 23. PULS R. Minerals levels in animal health; diagnostic data. 2nd ed.; Sherpa International: Clear Brook, BC, Canada. 1994.
• 24. LOPEZ A.M., BENEDICTO J. L., MIRANDA M., CASTILLO C., HERNANDEZ J., SHORE R. F. Arsenic, cadmium, lead, copper and zinc in cattle from Galicia, Spain. The Sci. Total Environ. 246, 237, 2000.
• 25. YAZAR E„ ALTUNOK V., EROGLU T. Concentrations of some elements in blood serum of Angora goats. Medycyna Wet. 62, 1249, 2006.
• 26. MULCHI C. L., ADAMU C. A., BELL P. F., CHANEY R. L. Residual heavy metal concentrations in sludge amended coastal plain soils. I. Comparison of extractants. Commun. Soil Sci. Plant Anal. 22, 919, 1991.
• 27. REICHLMAYR-LAIS A.M., KIRCHGESSNER M. Handbook of nutritionally essential mineral elements (O'Dell B.L., Sunde R.A., Eds.), Marcel Dekker: New York, pp. 479.1997.
• 28. MCDOWELL L.R. Minerals in animal and human nutrition. 2nd ed.; Amsterdam: Univ. Florida, 2003.
• 29. RADOSTITS O.M., GAY C.C., BLOOD D.C., HINCH- LIFF K.W. Veterinary medicine; a textbook of the disease of cattle, sheep, pigs, goats and horses. 9th ed.; WB Saunders: London pp. 1599-1603,2000.
• 30. MOTTO H. L., DAINES D. H., CHILKO D. M., MOTTO C. K. Lead in soils and plants: Its relationship to traffic volume and proximity to highways. Environ. Sci. Technol. 4, 232,1970.