Profil kwasów tłuszczowych mięsa, ikry i wątroby ryb

• Autorzy: Kaliniak A. , Florek M. , Skalecki P.

Warianty tytułu

EN

Profile of fatty acids in meat, roe, and liver of fish

• Języki publikacji: PL

Abstrakty

PL

Wartość żywieniowa ryb jest zróżnicowana i wynika z ich składu chemicznego, w tym z zawartości kwasów tłuszczowych. Różnice wynikają przede wszystkim z gatunku ryb, ale są także uwarunkowane innymi czynnikami osobniczymi (wielkość i dojrzałość płciowa, cykl reprodukcyjny) i środowiskowymi (system żywienia, sezon, temperatura wody i jej zasolenie, położenie geograficzne akwenu). Skład lipidów zależy od rodzaju tkanki ryb, z której pochodzą (mięśnie, ikra, narządy). Oleje rybne pozyskane z różnych źródeł dostarczają znaczących, lecz zmiennych ilości wielonienasyconych kwasów tłuszczowych (PUFA) o właściwościach prozdrowotnych. Efekt konsumpcji ryb i olejów rybnych, wynikający z obecności zarówno kwasów PUFA, jak i jednonienasyconych (MUFA), dotyczy przede wszystkim obniżenia ryzyka choroby wieńcowej. Dodatkowy, prozdrowotny wpływ związany ze spożyciem kwasów PUFA n-3 wynika z ich istotnej roli w zapobieganiu chorób sercowo-naczyniowych, stanów zapalnych, agresji, depresji, nadciśnienia, chorób autoimmunologicznych, cukrzycy, zaburzeń czynności nerek, reumatoidalnego zapalenia stawów, niedorozwoju mózgu i oczu u niemowląt, alergii i nowotworów. Mięśnie i wątroba to główne narządy magazynujące lipidy w organizmie ryb. Nieprzetworzona ikra i kawior są produktami luksusowymi, ale charakteryzującymi się dużą wartością odżywczą z uwagi na zawartość MUFA i PUFA. Wysoki poziom DHA i EPA oraz korzystna proporcja n-3/n-6 w rybach to główne czynniki zrównoważonej syntezy eikozanoidów w organizmie człowieka. Wspomniane wyżej produkty wciąż postrzegane są w różnych regionach i krajach jako żywność tradycyjna o znaczeniu lokalnym.

EN

The nutritional value of fish varies and it is associated with their chemical composition including the content of fatty acids. Differences are attributed, first of all, to the species of fish, but they depend on other individual features (size and sexual maturity, reproduction cycle) and environmental factors (fish nutrition system, season, water temperature and its salinity, geographical location of water body). The composition of lipids depends on the type of fish tissue the lipids origin from (muscles, roe, and organs). Fish oils obtained from different sources provide significant quantities of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) with pro-health properties, although those quantities vary. First thing, the consumption of fish and fish oils helps reduce the risk of coronary heart disease and this effect is linked with the content of monounsaturated (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acids in them. Another pro-health aspect of consuming n-3 PUFA acids results from their vital role in preventing and treating cardiovascular diseases, inflammations, aggression, depression, hypertension, autoimmune disorders, diabetes, renal impairments, rheumatoid arthritis, underdevelopment of brain and eyes in infants, allergy, and neoplasms. Muscles and liver are those main organs where the lipids are stored in the body of fish. Raw roe and caviar are luxury products; however, they are characterized by a high nutritional value as they contain MUFA and PUFA. A high level of DHA and EPA along with an advantageous n-3/n-6 ratio in fish are major factors in the balanced eicosanoids synthesis in human body. In different regions and countries, the above named products are still perceived as a traditional food of local importance.

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Żywność Nauka Technologia Jakość
• Rocznik: 2015
• Tom: 22
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: s.29-46,tab.,bibliogr.

Twórcy

autor

Kaliniak A.

• Katedra Towaroznawstwa i Przetwórstwa Surowców Zwierzęcych, Wydział Biologii i Hodowli Zwierząt, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie, ul.Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin

autor

Florek M.

• Katedra Towaroznawstwa i Przetwórstwa Surowców Zwierzęcych, Wydział Biologii i Hodowli Zwierząt, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie, ul.Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin

autor

Skalecki P.

• Katedra Towaroznawstwa i Przetwórstwa Surowców Zwierzęcych, Wydział Biologii i Hodowli Zwierząt, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Lublinie, ul.Akademicka 13, 20-950 Lublin

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Identyfikatory

DOI

10.15193/zntj/2015/99/020