In vitro culture of immature zygotic embryos of white clover [Trifolium repens L.]

• Autorzy: Haldas W. , Przywara L.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

On the basis of EC6 medium, specific conditions were established to improve its properties as a nutrient medium for isolated, immature zygotic embryos of white clover. The highest frequency of embryo development occurred on medium with 117 mM sucrose concentration and 30% (v/v) coconut water for globular-stage (23.3%) and heart-stage embryos (78.3%). The development of globular-stage embryos was abnormal, however. The embryos callused after two weeks of culture. From the callus produced, plantlets and then plants were regenerated. A double-layer culture system, with the top layer having higher osmolarity than the bottom layer, enabled proembryos smaller than 60 µm to be cultured. For in ovulo embryo culture, Nitsch medium supplemented with 10% (v/v) cucumber juice proved most suitable. On this medium, approximately 13% of the ovules containing few-celled embryos germinated and produced seedlings.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

Trifolium repens; white clover; immature embryo; Rhizobium; plant protein; symbiosis; zygotic embryo; bacteria; leguminous plant; in vitro

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Biologica Cracoviensia. Series Botanica
• Rocznik: 2002
• Tom: 44
• Opis fizyczny: p.213-222,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Haldas W.

• Jagiellonian University, Grodzka 52, 31-044 Krakow, Poland

autor

Przywara L.

Bibliografia

• Campenot MK, Zhang G, Cutler AJ, and Cass DD. 1992. Zea mays embryo sacs in culture. I. Plant regeneration from 1 day after pollination embryos. American Journal of Botany 79: 1368-1373.
• Chen CC, and Gibson PR. 1971. Seed development following the mating of Trifolium repens x T. uniflorum. Crop Science 11: 441-445.
• Cleveland RW. 1985. Reproductive cycle and cytogenetics. In: Taylor NL [ed.], Clover science and technology, 71-110. Agronomy Monograph No. 25. Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
• Collins GB, and Grosser JW. 1984. Culture of embryo. In: Vasil IK [ed.], Cell culture and somatic cell genetics of plant, vol. 1, 241-257. Academic Press, Orlando, FL.
• de Lautour G, Jones WT, and Ross MD. 1978. Production of inter-specific hybrids in Lotus aided by endosperm transplants. New Zealand Journal of Botany 16: 61-68.
• Fisher-Iglesias C, and Neuhaus G. 2001. Zygotic embryogenesis: hormonal control of embryo development. In: Bhojwani SS, and Soh WY [eds.], Current trends in the embryology of angiosperms, 223-247. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands.
• Góralski G, and Przywara L. 1998. In vitro culture of early globular-stage embryos of Brassica napus L. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica 40: 53-60.
• Holm PB, Knudsen S, Mouritzen P, Negri D, Olsen FL, and Roué E. 1994. Regeneration of fertile barley plants from mechanically isolated protoplasts of the fertilized egg cell. Plant Cell 6: 531-543.
• Holm PB, Knudsen S, Mouritzen P, Negri D, Olsen FL, and Roué E. 1995. Regeneration of the barley zygote in ovule culture. Sexual Plant Reproduction 8: 49-59.
• Jeannin G, Bronner R, and Hahne G. 1995. Somatic embryogenesis and organogenesis induced on the immature zygotic embryo of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivated in vitro: role of sugar. Plant Cell Reports 15:200-204.
• Johri BM, and Rao PS. 1984. Experimental embryology. In: Johri BM [ed.], Embryology of angiosperms, 735-803. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, Tokyo.
• Keim WF. 1953. Interspecific hybridization in Trifolium utilizing embryo culture techniques. Agronomy Journal 45: 601-606.
• Kranz E, and Lörz H. 1993. In vitro fertilization with isolated single gametes results in zygotic embryogenesis and fertile maize plants. Plant Cell 5: 739-746.
• Kumlehn J, and Nitzsche W. 1996. Plant regeneration from ryegrass ovules cultivated on endosperm-derived feeder cells. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture 44: 235-241.
• Kumlehn J, Lörz H, and Kranz E. 1998. Differentiation of isolated wheat zygotes into embryos and normal plants. Planta 205: 327-333.
• Kumlehn J, Brettschneider R, Lörz H, and Kranz E. 1997. Zygote implantation to cultured ovules leads to direct embryogenesis and plant regeneration of wheat. The Plant Journal 12: 1473-1479.
• Laibach F. 1925. Das Taubwerden von Bastardsamen und die künstliche Aufzucht früh absterbender Bastardembryonen. Zeitschrift für Botanik 17: 417-459.
• Liu C-M, Xu Z-H, and Chua N-H. 1993. Proembryo culture: in vitro development of early globular-stage zygotic embryos from Brassica juncea. The Plant Journal 3: 857-866.
• Machno D, and Przywara L. 1997. Endosperm culture of Actinidia species. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica 39: 55-61.
• Mól R, Matthys-rochon E, and Dumas C. 1993. In vitro culture of fertilized embryo sacs of maize: zygotes and two-celled proembryos can develop into maize. Planta 189: 213-217.
• MonnierM. 1978. Culture of zygotic embryos. In: Thorpe TA [ed.], Frontiers of plant tissue culture, 277-286. University of Calgary Press, Calgary.
• Monnier M. 1995. Culture of zygotic embryos. In: Thorpe TA [ed.], In vitro embryogenesis in plants, 117-153. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht.
• NakajimaT, Doyama Y, and Matsumoto H. 1969. In vitro culture of excised ovules of white clover, Trifolium repens L. Japanese Journal of Breeding 19: 373-378.
• Nitsch J. 1951. Growth and development in vitro of excised ovaries. American Journal of Botany 38: 566-577.
• Pederson GA, and McLaughlin MR. 1989. Resistance to viruses in Trifolium interspecific hybrids related to white clover., Plant Disease 73: 997-999.
• Przywara L, Piróg H, Konieczny R, and Jach M. 1996. The use of tissue culture methods in interspecific hybridization within the genus Trifolium L. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica 38: 53-66.
• Przywara L, White DWR, Sanders PM, and Maher D. 1989. Interspecific hybridization of Trifolium repens with T. hybridum using in ovulo embryo culture and embryo culture. Annals of Botany 64: 613-624.
• Raghavan V. 1980. Embryo culture. International Review of Cytology, Supplement 11B: 209-240.
• Raghavan V. 1986. Embryogenesis in angiosperms. A developmental and experimental study. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, London, New York, New Rochelle, Melbourne, Sydney.
• Raghavan V, and Srivastava PS. 1982. Embryo culture. In: Johri BM [ed.], Experimental embryology of vascular plants, 195- 230. Springer, New York.
• Rangan TS. 1982. Ovary, ovule and nucellus culture. In: Johri BM [ed.], Experimental embryology of vascular plants, 105- 129. Springer, New York.
• Rietsema J, Satina S, and Blakeslee AF. 1953. The effect of sucrose on the growth of Datura stramonium embryos in vitro. American Journal of Botany 40: 538-545.
• Schrick K, and Laux T. 2001. Zygotic embryogenesis: developmental genetics. The formation of an embryo from a fertilized egg. In: Bhojwani SS and Soh WY [eds.], Current trends in the embryology of angiosperms, 249-277. Kluwer Academic Publishers, The Netherlands.
• Smith JG. 1973. Embryo development in Phaseolus vulgaris. II. Analysis of selected inorganic ions, ammonia, organic acids, amino acids and sugars in the endosperm liquid. Plant Physiology 51: 454-458.
• White DWR, and Williams EG. 1976. Early seed development after crossing of Trifolium semipilosum and T. repens. New Zealand Journal of Botany 14: 161-163.
• Williams EG. 1978. A hybrid between Trifolium repens and T. ambiguum obtained with the aid of embryo culture. New Zealand Journal of Botany 16: 499-506.
• Williams EG. 1987. Interspecific hybridization in pasture legumes. Plant Breeding Reviews 5: 237-306.
• Williams EG, and White DWR. 1976. Early seed development after crossing of Trifolium ambiguum and T. repens. New Zealand Journal of Botany 14: 307-314.
• Williams EG, and de Lautour G. 1980. The use of embryo culture with transplanted nurse endosperm for production of interspecific hybrids in pasture legumes. Botanical Gazette 141: 252-257.
• Yamada T, and Fukuoka H. 1985. Application of ovule culture to interspecific hybridization between Trifolium repens and T. ambiguum. Proceedings of the XVth International Grasslands Congress, 241-243.
• Zenkteler M. 1984. Metoda hodowli in vitro w embriologii doświadczalnej roślin. In: Zenkteler M. [ed.], Hodowla komórek i tkanek roślinnych, 209-311. Państwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warszawa.
• Zhang J, Dong WH, Galli A, and Potrykus I. 1999. Regeneration of fertile plants from isolated zygotes of rice (Oryza sativa). Plant Cell Reports 19: 128-132.