Water purification by photocatalysis on semiconductors

• Autorzy: Sobczynski A , Dobosz A.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

This paper describes the basics of photocatalysis on semiconductors, mainly on TiO2 and the application of photocatalytic processes to water purification from organic matter. The second chapter is devoted to metal cocatalysts introduced in order to improve the photocatalytic action of titania. Finally, a short review of more interesting practical applications of the processes is presented.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

water purification; photocatalysis; purification process; semiconductor

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
• Rocznik: 2001
• Tom: 10
• Numer: 4
• Opis fizyczny: p.195-205,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Sobczynski A

• Poznan University of Economics, Niepodleglosci 10, 60-967 Poznan, Poland

autor

Dobosz A.

Bibliografia

• 1. CROSBY D.G. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. Oxford University Press: New York 1998.
• 2. LEGRINI O., OLIVEROS E, BRAUN A.M. Photochemical Processes for Water Treatment Chemical Reviews 93, 671, 1993.
• 3. BARD A. J. Photoelectrochemistry and Heterogeneous Photocatalysis at Semiconductors. J. Photochem. 10, 59, 1979.
• 4. Van DAMME H., HALL W.K.J. On the Photoassisted De composition of Water at the Gas-Solid Interface of TiO2. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 101, 4373, 1979.
• 5. FRANK S. N., BARD A. J. Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Oxidation of Cyanide and Sulfite in Aqueous Solutions at Semiconductor Powders. J. Phys. Chem. 81, 1484, 1977.
• 6. KRAEUTLER B., JAEGER C. D., BARD A. J. Direct Ob servation of Radical Intermediates in the Photo-Kolbe Reaction - Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Radical Formation by Electron Spin Resonance. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 100, 4903, 1978.
• 7. BARD A. J. Solar Energy Conversion through Photo- electrochemistry at Semiconductors. Proc. R. A. Welch Foundation Conference on Chemical Research XXVIII. Chemistry in Texas: The 30th Year of the Welch Foundation, Nov. 5-7, Houston, Tx, pp. 95-129, 1984.
• 8. BARD A. J. Design of Semiconductor Photoelectrochemical Systems for Solar Energy Conversion. J. Phys. Chem. 86,172 1982.
• 9. BARD A. J. Semiconductor Particles and Arrays for the Photoelectrochemical Utilization of Solar Energy. Ber. Bunsenges. Phys. Chem, 92, 1187, 1988.
• 10. FOX M. A., DULAY M. Heterogeneous Photocatalysis. Chem. Rev. 93, 341, 1993.
• 11. SOBCZYNSKA A., SOBCZYNSKI A. The Application of Photocatalysis on Semiconductors in Environmental Protection. Pol. J. Appl. Chem. 38, 25, 1994.
• 12. GRATZEL M., HOWE R. F. Electron Paramagnetic Resonance Studies of Doped TiO2 Colloids. J. Phys. Chem. 94, 2566, 1990.
• 13. JAEGER C. D., BARD A. J. Spin Trapping and Electron Spin Resonance Detection of Radical Intermediates in the Photodecomposition of Water at TiO2 Paniculate Systems. J. Phys. Chem. 83, 3146, 1979.
• 14. MATTHEWS R. W. Hydroxylation Reactions Induced by Near-ultraviolet Photolysis of Aqueous Titanium Dioxide Suspensions. J. Chem. Soc, Faraday Trans. 1. 80, 457, 1984.
• 15. BREZOVA V., STASKO A., LAPCIK L., Jr. Electron Para magnetic Study of Photogenerated Radicals in Titanium Di­oxide Powder and its Aqueous Suspensions. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 59, 115, 1991.
• 16. LAWLESS D., SERPONE N., MEISEL D. Role of "OH Radicals and Trapped Holes in Photocatalysis. A pulse Radiolysis Study. J. Phys. Chem. 95, 5166, 1991.
• 17. FOX M. A. The Role of Hydroxyl Radicals in the Photo- catalysed Detoxification of Organic Pollutants: Pulse Radiolysis and Time-Resolved Diffuse Reflectance Measurements, in: Photocatalytic Purification and Treat ment of Water and Air. Ollis D. F., Al.-Ekabi H., Eds., Else­vier, pp. 163-167, 1993.
• 18. STAFFORD U., GRAY K. A, KAMAT P. V. Radiolytic and TiO2-Assisted Photocatalytic Degradation of 4-Chloro- phenol. A Comparative Study. J. Phys. Chem. 98, 6343, 1994
• 19. DUCZMAL L., SOBCZYNSKI A. Photocatalytic Water Purification: Destruction of Resorcinol by Irradiated Titania. React. Kinet. Catal. Lett. 66, 289, 1999.
• 20. SOBCZYNSKI A., DUCZMAL L., DOBOSZ A. Photo- catalysis by Illuminated Titania: Oxidation of Hydroquinone and p-Benzoquinone. Monatsh. Chem. 130, 377, 1999.
• 21. RICHARD C, LEMAIRE J. Analytical and Kinetic Study of the Phototransformations of Furfuryl Alcohol in Aqueous ZnO Suspensions. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 55, 127, 1990.
• 22. PETERSON M. W., TURNER J. A., NOZIK A. J. Mechanistic Studies of the Photocatalytical Behavior of TiO2. Par ticles in a Photoelectrochemical Slurry and the Relevance to Photodetoxification Reactions. J. Phys. Chem. 95, 221,1991.
• 23. TURCHI C. S., OLLIS D. F. Photocatalytic Degradation of Organic Water Contaminants: Mechanisms Involving Hydroxyl Radical Attack, J. Catal. 122, 178, 1990.
• 24. SOBCZYNSKI A, GIMENEZ J., CERVERA-MARCH S. Photodecomposition of Phenol in a Flow Reactor: Adsorption and Kinetics. Monatsh. Chem. 128, 1109, 1997.
• 25. MATTHEWS R. W. Kinetics of Oxidation of Organic Sol utes over Titanium Dioxide. J. Catal. Ill, 264, 1988.
• 26. AL-EKABI H., SERPONE N. Kinetic Studies in Heterogeneous Photocatalysis. 1. Photocatalytic Degradation of Chlorinated Phenols in Aerated Aqueous Solutions over TiO2 Supported on a Glass Matrix. J. Phys. Chem. 92, 5726, 1988.
• 27. PELIZZETTI E., MINERO C. Mechanism of the Photo-Oxidative Degradation of Organic Pollutants over TiO2 Particles. Electrochim. Acta 38, 47, 1993.
• 28. TERZIAN R., SERPONE N, MINERO C, PELIZZETTI E. Photocatalyzed Mineralization of Cresols in Aqueous Media with Irradiated Titania. J. Catal. 128, 352, 1991.
• 29. WEI W-Y., WAN C. Kinetics of Photocatalytic Oxidation of Phenol on TiO2 Surface. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 69, 241, 1992.
• 30. TRILLAS M, PUJOL M, DOMENECH X. Phenol Photo­degradation over Titanium Dioxide. J. Chem. Tech. Biotech- nol. 55, 85, 1992.
• 31. MILLS A., MORRIS S. Photomineralization of 4-Chloro- phenol Sensitized by Titanium Dioxide: a Study of the Initial Kinetics of Carbon Dioxide Photogeneration. J. Photochem. Photobiol. A: Chem. 71, 75, 1993.
• 32. OKAMOTO K., YAMAMOTO Y., TANAKA H., TANAKA M., ITAYA A. Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Decomposition of Phenol over TiO2 Powder. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 58, 2015, 1985.
• 33. OKAMOTO K, YAMAMOTO Y., TANAKA H., ITAYA A. Kinetics of Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Decomposition over Anatase TiO2 Powder. Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 58, 2023, 1985.
• 34. GERISCHER H., HELLER A. The Role of Oxygen in Photooxidation of Organic Molecules on Semiconductor Particles. J. Phys. Chem. 95, 5261, 1991.
• 35. GERISCHER H., HELLER A. Photocatalytic Oxidation of Organic Molecules at Titanium Dioxide Particles by Sunlight in Aerated Water. J. Electrochem. Soc. 139, 113, 1992.
• 36. WANG C-M., HELLER A., GERISCHER H. Palladium Catalysis of O2 Reduction by Electrons Accumulated on TiO2 Particles during Photoassisted Oxidation of Organic Compounds. J. Amer. Chem. Soc. 114, 5230, 1992.
• 37. SOBCZYNSKI A., SOBCZYNSKA A. Photocatalysis on Semiconductors: the Problems Related to Hydrogen Evolution Cocatalysts. Pol. J. Appl. Chem. 40, 339, 1996.
• 38. IZUMI I., DUNN W. W., WILBOURN K. O., FUN F., BARD A. J. Heterogeneous Photocatalytic Oxidation of Hydrocarbons on Platinized TiO2 Powders. J. Phys. Chem. 84, 3207, 1980.
• 39. LIU X. J., GUO Z. P. Photocatalytic Degradation of Phenol by PAn/TiO2 Organic Semiconductor Particles in Aqueous Solution. Synthetic Metals 41-43, 1139, 1991 .
• 40. GAO Y. M., LEE W., TREHAN R., KERSHAW R, DWIGHT K., WOLD A. Improvement of Photocatalytic Activity of Titanium(IV) Oxide by Dispersion of Au on TiO2. Mater. Res. Bull. 26, 1247, 1991.
• 41. DOBOSZ A., SOBCZYNSKI A. Water Detoxification: Photocatalytic Decomposition of Phenol on Au/TiO2. Monatsh. Chem. submitted for publication.
• 42. LEE W., SHEN H.-S., DWIGHT K., WOLD A. Effect of Silver on the Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2. J. Solid State Chem. 106, 288, 1993.
• 43. DOBOSZ A., SOBCZYNSKI A. The Influence of Silver Additives on Titania Photoactivity in the Photooxidation of Phenol. Water Res. submitted for publication.
• 44. PAPP J., SHEN H.S., KERSHAW R, DWIGHT K., WOLD A. Titanium(IV) Oxide Photocatalysts with Palladium. Chem. Mater. 5, 284, 1993.
• 45. DO I. R., LEE W., DWIGHT K., WOLD A. The Effect of WO3 on the Photocatalytic Activity of TiO2. J. Solid State Chem. 108, 198, 1994.
• 46. CRITTENDEN J. C, LIU J., HAND D., PERRAM D. Photocatalytic Oxidation of Chlorinated Hydrocarbons in Water. Water Res. 31, 429, 1997.
• 47. CHEN J., OLLIS D. F., RULKENS W. H., BRUNING H. Photocatalyzed Oxidation of Alcohols and Organochlorides in the Presence of Native TiO2 and Metallized TiO2 Suspensions. Part (1): Photocatalytic Activity and pH Influence. Water Res. 33, 661, 1999.
• 48. CHEN J., OLLIS D. F., RULKENS W. H., BRUNING H. Photocatalyzed Oxidation of Alcohols and Organochlorides in the Presence of Native TiO2 and Metallized TiO2 Suspensions. Part (II): Photocatalytic Mechanisms. Water Res. 33, 669, 1999.
• 49. CHEN J., OLLIS D. F, RULKENS W. H, BRUNING H. Kinetic Processes of Photocatalytic Mineralization of Alcohols on Metallized Titanium Dioxide. Water Res. 33, 1173, 1999.
• 50. SOBCZYNSKI A., DOBOSZ A., JURSZA A. The Influence of Metallic Copper on the Photoactivity of TiO2 in Phenol Degradation, in preparation to publish.
• 51. MATTHEWS R. W. Photocatalysis in Water Purification: Possibilities, Problems and Prospects, in: Proceedings of the Is, International Conference on TiO2 "Photocatalytic Purification and Treatment of Water and Air". London, Ontario, Canada, 8-13 November 1992, pp. 121-138, 1993.
• 52. MASUDA R., KITAMURA K., KAWASHIMA K. Treat ment of Trichloroethylene - Containing Wastewater and Photocatalytic Apparatus. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 08 323,347, 1996. C.A. 126: 161651y.
• 53. MASUDA R., KITAMURA K., YAMASHITA S., KAWASHIMA K. Dry Cleaning Wastewater Treatment and Photocatalytic Apparatus. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 08 323,346, 1996. C.A. 126: 161652z.
• 54. SATO K. Photoactive Water Treatment Agents and Containers for them. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 34,143, 1998. w C.A. 128: 171915t.
• 55. SUIDAN M. T., LAINE J. M., DUGUET J. P. Method for Treating Water Containing Organic Impurities and Microorganisms, Fr. Demande FR 2,760,445, 1998. C.A. 129: 347097q.
• 56. KIMURA N., ABE S., YOSHIMOTO T, FUKAYAMA S. Photocatalyst - Carrying Structure and Photocatalyst Coating Material. PCT Int. Appl. WO 97 00,134,1997. C.A. 126: 164158d.
• 57. MAJIMA H., KURIHARA T., NAGAOKA S. Photo- catalysts and their Manufacture and Usage. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 249,210, 1998. C.A. 129: 234954y.
• 58. UNO A. Titanium Oxide and Its Low - Cost Manufacture for Purification of Water and Air. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 59,721, 1998.C.A. 128: 196440x.
• 59. SUGIYAMA K. Photocatalyst Having Visible Light Activity and Uses Thereof. PCT Int. Appl. WO 98 23,374,1998. C.A. 129: 21386c .
• 60. SAKAGUCHI S, MURAOKA Y, MURASE M. Under- coating Materials for Forming Titania Photocatalyst Layers on Glass Substrates and Method for Forming Undercoating Layers. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 53,439, 1998. C.A. 128: 247485a.
• 61. PONCELET O. J. C, WETTLING D. M. H. Inorganic Transparent Photocatalytic Composition. Eur. Pat. Appl. EP 812,619, 1997. C.A. 128: 95272p.
• 62. ONO H., MATANO T., FUJITA Y. Antimicrobial Laminated Polymer Sheets. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 09 277,463, 1997. C.A. 128: 13985m.
• 63. YAKABE H., NAKAGAWARA M., KIM S. Soilproofing, Antibacterial, and Odorless Decorative Sheets. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 44,361, 1998. C.A. 128: 193540u.
• 64. CHOUTA M., HAYAKAWA S. Antifouling Boards. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 119,229, 1998. C.A. 129: 21387d .
• 65. OONO T., NOGUCHI H. Apparatus for Cleaning Food Containers and Processors. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 216,665, 1998. C.A. 129: 236179y.
• 66. SHIMIZU K. Removal of Pollutants from Air Using a Photocatalyst Mounted on a Vehicle. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 09 99,219, 1997. C.A. 127: 22946f.
• 67. OKATA S. Flexible Photocatalyst for Purification, Deodorization, and Sterilization of Air and Water. Jpn. Kokai To kkyo Koho JP 10 202,110, 1998. C.A. 129: 126456d.
• 68. FRANKE R. Reactor for Water Treatment and Method for Photocatalytic Decomposition of Chemicals in Water and Wastewaters. Ger. Offen. DE 19 806,331, 1998. C.A. 129: 265112b.
• 69. ZOTA H., ARAI J. Apparatus for Treatment of Air and Water by Photocatalyst. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 09 314,137, 1997. C.A. 128: 92926u.
• 70. KAMITANI Y., TAKEMURA T. Process and Apparatus for (Waste)Water Treatment. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 263,534, 1998. C.A. 129: 265151p.
• 71. SHINOHARA K., TANAKA A., ISHIZAWA H. Method for Producing Porous Titanium Oxide Films, the thus Produced Porous Titanium Oxide Films, and Photocatalysts for Decomposing Nitrogen Oxide Gases. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 130,887, 1998. C.A. 129: 46692n.
• 72. TAKESHITA Y, NISHI S., SASAKI S., TSURUMI S., TAKESHIMA M., TSUDOME S, YAMAMOTO F. Fresh Water Production Device Using Photocatalysts. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 156,339. 1998. C.A. 129: 45078e .
• 73. FUJISHIMA A, HASHIMOTO K., YADA T., MIYAMA S., YOSHIMOTO T., SAITO N. Illumination Lamp. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 09 73,879, 1997. C.A. 127: 25544J.
• 74. TAKAHASHI K. Water Treatment Process and Apparatus Using Photocatalysts. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 249,336, 1998. C.A. 129: 235392a.
• 75. SUZUKI A. Apparatus for Purification and Disinfection of Water in Pool and Bath with Photocatalyst. Jpn. Kokai To kkyo Koho JP 08 318,267, 1996. C.A. 126: 135416f.
• 76. HIRATA N., OKAZAKI M., UEMURA T. Sink Waste water Treatment Process and System. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 09 131,588, 1997. C.A. 127: 85406a.
• 77. GONZALES-MARTIN A., MURPHY O. J. Photocatalytic Oxidation of Organics Using a Porous Titanium Dioxide Membrane and an Efficient Oxidant. U.S. US 5,779,912, 1998. C.A. 129: 99397b .
• 78. MAKHMUTOV F. A., MYSHKIN R. N., TSARYUVA E. I. Method for Decomposition of Organic Compounds in Water by Using Photocatalyst Under UV Radiation. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 43,775, 1998. C.A. +: 221389x.
• 79. HIRATA N., OKAZAKI M, UEMURA T. Treatment of Water or Wastewater with Photolysis Catalysts and Membrane Filters. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 09 85,295, 1997. C.A. 127: 23119a.
• 80. OKAZAKI M., TATEISHI Y., UEMURA T. Treatment of Oil-containing Wastewater Emulsion from Metalworking. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 09 29,243, 1997. C.A. 126: 242263a.
• 81. KISHIMOTO K., TAKAHAMA K., NAKAGAWA S. Manufacture of Titanium Oxide Membrane Having Photo catalyst Activity. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 101,335, 1998. C.A. 128: 272356s.
• 82. TAKEDA Y., ZEDO T., AKEDA I. Apparatus for Filtration of Water Using Titania with UV Lamp. Jpn. Kokai To kkyo Koho JP 08 323,374, 1996. C.A. 126: 161923p.
• 83. KOURA S., OSAKI K., SUZUKI S. Oil-decomposing Filters for Kitchen Range Hoods and their Manufacture. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 09 308,809, 1997. C.A. 128: 36547J.
• 84. TAKEDA Y., ZEDO T., ISHIBAI Y. Adsorbents and Ad sorption Apparatus for Water, Wastewater, and Waste Gas Treatment. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 08 323,343, 1996. C.A. 126: 161922n.
• 85. SUZUKI M., AIKYO H. Manufacture of Activated Carbon with Improved Photocatalytic Activity. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 33,989, 1998. C.A. 128: 169365v.
• 86. AIKYO H., SUZUKI M. Activated Carbon Showing Photo catalytic Activity Under Visible Light. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 226,509, 1998. C.A. 129: 204849a.
• 87. TAHARA H., SEKITO H., MURATA Y., KOHATA H. Coated Cement-Based Materials for NOX Removal. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 290,924, 1998. C.A. 129: 320200f.
• 88. WASHIZU I., KUMANO Y. Building Material Using Photocatalyst for Air Purification. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 152,904, 1998. C.A. 129: 71669t.
• 89. HAGIWARA H. Maintenance-free Apparatus for Air Deodorization in Automobiles. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 244,129, 1998. C.A. 129: 234918q.
• 90. JANATA J., McVAY G. L., PEDEN Ch. H., EXARHOS G. J. Apparatus for Photocatalytic Destruction of Internal Combustion Engine Emissions during Cold Start. U.S. US 5,778,664, 1998. C.A. 129: 126423r.
• 91. KOJIMA E., MACHIDA M., NORIMOTO K., HAY- AKAWA M., KUGA Y. Evaluation of Photocatalytic Films. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 08 338,808, 1996. C.A. 126: 164157c.
• 92. OISHI T, ISHIKAWA T, KAMOTO D., YOSHIOKA C, TAKAHASHI O. Antimicrobial Photocatalyst Film, their Manufacture, and Uses. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 76,597, 1998. C.A. 128: 218196b .
• 93. NAKASHIMA Y, TOMOTAKE Y. Photocatalyst-Contain- ing Paper. Jpn. Kokai Tokkyo Koho JP 10 226,983, 1998. C.A. 129: 232212f.
• 94. MILLER R., FOX R. Treatment of Organic Contaminants in Air by Photocatalytic Oxidation: a Commercialization Perspective, in: Proceedings of the 1st International Confer ence on TiO2. "Photocatalytic Purification and Treatment of Water and Air". London, Ontario, Canada, 8-13 November 1992, pp.573-578, 1993.