Effect of spraying with calcium chloride at different water rates on 'Jonagold' apple calcium concentration

• Autorzy: Wojcik P , Swiechowski W.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The aim of the study was to examine the effect of calcium chloride (CaCl,) spraying at different rates of water on apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) calcium concentration. The examination was carried out in 1997-1998 on 'Jonagold' apple trees grafted on M.26 rootstock and planted in 1990 on sandy-loam soil at a distance of 4 x 2.5 m.The trees were trained as a spindle at 2.4 m and 2 m of height and canopy width, respectively. In the experiment apple trees were sprayed with CaCl, at a rate of 7 kg ha 1 using 250, 500, 1000 and 1500 L of water volumes which gives: 2.8, 1.4, 0.7 and 0.5% CaCl, solutions, respectively. Sprays with CaCl, solutions were applied 6, 4 and 2 weeks before commercial fruit harvest. The trees unsprayed with Ca served as a control. The study showed that sprays with CaCl, at all studied water volumes had not effect on leaf and fruit damages. Regardless of the applied water rates, apples from the middle and the bottom of the canopy had higher calcium concentrations as a result of CaCl, sprays whereas this treatment had not effect on fruit calcium concentration from the top of the canopy. However, the laboratory study showed that 'Jonagolď apples from the canopy top had ability to take up exogenous calcium. It was found that efficacy of CaCl, sprays at studied water rates in increasing fruit calcium concentration was similar. The study showed as well that young 'Jonagold' fruitlets took up clearly less exogenous calcium compared to mature fruit which suggests that sprays of this cultivar with calcium salts should be applied mainly at late apple development stages.

PL

Celem tego doświadczenia było określenie wpływu opryskiwania jabłoni (Malus domestica Borkh.) chlorkiem wapnia (CaCl,) w różnych objętościach wody na zawartość wapnia w owocach. Doświadczenie zostało przeprowadzone w latach 1997-1998 na jabłoniach odmiany Jonagold szczepionych na podkłace M26 i posadzonych w 1990 roku na glebie piaszczysto-gliniastej w roztawie 4 x 2,5 m. Drzewa prowadzone były w formie wrzecionowej o wysokości korony 2,4 m i jej szerokości 2 m. Jabłonie opryskiwano CaCl, w dawce 7 kg hastosując 250,500,1000 i 1500 L wody, co daje następujące stężenia roztworu: 2,8; 1,4; 0,7 i 0,5%. Opryskiwania wykonywane były 6, 4 i 2 tygodnie przed zbiorem owoców. Drzewa nieopryskiwane wapniem stanowiły kontrolę. Wyniki badań wykazały, że opryskiwania CaCl, w badanych objętościach wody nie miały wpływu na uszkodzenia liści oraz owoców. Pod wpływem opryskiwania CaCl2, niezależnie od zastosowanej dawki wody, jabłka ze środka i podstawy korony miały wyższą koncentrację wapnia niż owoce z drzew kontrolnych. Jednakże opryskiwania CaCl, nie miały wpływu na zawartość wapnia w jabłkach pochodzących z wierzchołka korony. Badania laboratoryjne wykazały jednak, że jabłka z wierzchołka korony drzew miały zdolność do pobierania egzogennego wapnia. W badaniach stwierdzono także, że skuteczność opryskiwań CaCl w zwiększaniu koncentracji wapnia w jabłkach nie była uzależniona od stosowanej dawki wody. Wykazano także, że zawiązki odmiany Jonagold zbierane z drzew pobierały mniej wapnia w porównaniu do owoców zbieranych w momecie ich dojrzałości zbiorczej, co sugeruje, że opryskiwania tej odmiany roztworami wapnia powinny być wykonywane w późniejszych fazach wzrostu owoców.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

calcium concentration; water rate; Malus domestica; Jonagold cultivar; calcium spraying; apple; calcium chloride; spraying

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Agrobotanica
• Rocznik: 1999
• Tom: 52
• Numer: 1-2
• Opis fizyczny: p.75-84

Twórcy

autor

Wojcik P

• Research Institute of Pomology and Floriculture, Pomologiczna 18, 96-100 Skierniewice, Poland

autor

Swiechowski W.

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