A new troodontid theropod from the Late Cretaceous of central China, and the radiation of Asian troodontids

• Autorzy: Lu J , Xu L. , Liu Y. , Zhang X. , Jia S. , Ji Q.
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

A new troodontid dinosaur, Xixiasaurus henanensis gen. et sp. nov., from the Upper Cretaceous Majiacun Formation of the Xixia Basin, Henan Province, is erected, based on a partial skull. It is characterized by bearing 22 maxillary teeth, a distinct opening on the lateral surface of the base of nasal process of the premaxilla, the rostral end of the upper jaw forming a tapered U−shape, and the mandibular symphyseal region slightly inflected medially. Xixiasaurus is most closely related to the Mongolian Byronosaurus among troodontids. Byronosaurus, Urbacodon, and Xixiasaurus may form a new clade, suggesting an endemic radiation of troodontids across Asia, including multiple taxa without dental serrations. The discovery of Xixiasaurus in the Xixia Basin may imply that the Xixiasaurus−bearing Majiacun Formation is Campanian in age.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

new theropod; Late Cretaceous; Central China; Asian troodontid; troodontid; Theropoda; Troodontidae; Xixiasaurus; Cretaceous; Henan province; China; paleontology

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Acta Palaeontologica Polonica
• Rocznik: 2010
• Tom: 55
• Numer: 3
• Opis fizyczny: p.381-388,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Lu J

• Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Beijing 100037, China

autor

Xu L.

autor

Liu Y.

autor

Zhang X.

autor

Jia S.

autor

Ji Q.

Bibliografia

• Averianov, A.O. and Sues, H.−D. 2007. A new troodontid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Cenomanian of Uzbekistan, with a review of troodontid records from the territories of the Former Soviet Union. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 27: 87–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27%5B87:ANTDTF%5D2.0.CO;2
• Barsbold, R. 1974. Saurornithoididae, a new family of carnivorous dinosaurs from Central Asia and North America. Palaeontologia Polonica 30: 5–22.
• Chen, J.H., Wang, D.Y., Feng, J.C., Fu, G.H., and Zhu, S.G. 2007. Late Cretaceous non−marine bivalves from the dinosaur egg−bearing strata of Xixia Basin, Henna, China [in Chinese with English abstract]. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 46: 299–313.
• Chiappe, L.M. 1996. Early avian evolution in the Southern Hemisphere: The fossil record of birds in the Mesozoic of Gondwana. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 39: 533–554.
• Chiappe, L.M., Norell, M.A., and Clark, J.M. 1996. Phylogenetic position of Mononykus(Aves: Alvarezsauridae) from the Late Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum 39: 557–582.
• Clark, J.M., Maryańska, T., and Barsbold, R. 2004. Therizinosauroidea. In: D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson, and H. Osmólska (eds.), The Dinosauria (Second Edition), 151–164. University of California Press, Berkeley.
• Currie, P.J. 1987. Bird−like characteristics of the jaws and teeth of troodontid theropods (Dinosauria, Saurischia). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 7: 72–81.
• Currie, P.J. and Dong, Z.M. 2001. New information on Cretaceous troodontids (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the People‘s Republic of China. Results from the Sino−Canadian Dinosaur Project. Part 3. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 38: 1753–1766. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-38-12-1753
• Holtz, T.R., Brinkman, D.L., and Chandler, C.L. 1998. Denticle morphometrics and a possibly omnivorous feeding habit for the theropod dinosaur Troodon. Gaia 15: 159–166.
• Hu, D., Hou, L.H., Zhang, L.J., and Xu, X. 2009. A pre−Archaeopteryx troodontid theropod from China with long feathers on the metatarsus. Nature 461: 640–643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature08322
• Ji, Q., Ji, S., Lü, J.C., You, H.L., and Yuan, C.X. 2005. First avialan bird from China (Jinfengopteryx elegans gen. et sp. nov.). Geological Bulletin of China 24: 197–205.
• Ji, S. and Ji, Q. 2007. Jinfengopteryx compared to Archaeopteryx, with comments on the mosaic evolution of long−tailed avialan birds. Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition) 81: 337–343.
• Kurzanov, S.M. and Osmólska, H. 1991. Tochisaurus nernegtensis gen. et sp. n., a new troodontid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from Mongolia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 36: 69–76.
• Makovicky, P.J. and Norell, M.A. 2004. Troodontidae. In: D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson, and H. Osmólska (eds.), The Dinosauria (Second Edition), 184–195. University of California Press, Berkeley.
• Makovicky, P.J., Norell, M.A., Clark, J.M., and Rowe, T. 2003. Osteology and relationships of Byronosaurus jaffei (Theropoda: Troodontidae). American Museum Novitates 3402: 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1206/0003-0082(2003)402%3C0001:OAROBJ%3E2.0.CO;2
• Norell, M.A. and Makovicky, P.J. 2004. Dromaeosauridae. In: D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson, and H. Osmólska (eds.), The Dinosauria (Second Edition), 196–209. University of California Press, Berkeley.
• Norell, M.A., Makovicky, P.J., and Clark, J.M. 2000. A new troodontid from Ukhaa Tolgod, Late Cretaceous, Mongolia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20: 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1671/0272-4634(2000) 020%5B0007:ANTTFU%5D2.0.CO;2
• Norell, M.A., Makovicky, P.J., Bever, G.S., Balanoff, A.M., Clark, J.M., Barsbold, R., and Rowe, T.B. 2009. A review of the Mongolian Cretaceous dinosaur Saurornithoides (Troodontidae, Theropoda). American Museum Novitates 3654: 1–63.
• Osborn, H.F. 1924. Three new Theropoda, Protoceratops zone, central Mongolia. American Museum Novitates 144: 1–12.
• Osmólska, H. 1987. Borogovia gracilicrus gen. et sp. n., a new troodontid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 31: 133–150.
• Osmólska, H. and Barsbold, R. 1990. Troodontidae. In: D.B. Weishampel, P. Dodson, and H. Osmólska (eds), The Dinosauria, 259–268. University of California Press, Berkeley.
• Pan, H.Z., Wang, D.Y., Feng, J.C., Fu, G.H., and Zhu, S.G. 2007. Late Cretaceous non−marine Gastropoda from the dinosaur egg−bearing strata of Xixia Basin, Henna [in Chinese with English abstract]. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 46: 293–298.
• Pérez−Moreno, B.P., Sanz, J.L., Buscalioni, A.D., Moratalla, J.J., Ortega, F., and Raskin−Gutman, D. 1994. A unique multitoothed ornithomimosaur from the Lower Cretaceous of Spain. Nature 370: 363–367. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/370363a0
• Russell, D.A. and Dong, Z.M. 1993. A nearly complete skeleton of a new troodontid dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous Ordos Basin, Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30: 2163–2173.
• Stromer, E. 1915. Ergebnisse der Forschungsreisen Prof. E. Stromers in den Wüsten Ägyptens. II. Wirbeltier−Reste der Baharîje−Stufe (unterstes Cenoman). 3. Das Original des Theropoden Spinosaurus aegyptiacus nov. gen., nov. spec. Abhandlungen der Königlich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Mathematisch−physikalische Klasse 28 (3): 1–32.
• Turner, A.H., Pol, D., Clark, J.A., Erickson, G.M., and Norell, M.A. 2007. A basal dromaeosaurid and size evolution preceding avian flight. Science 317: 1378–1381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1144066
• Varricchio, D.J. 1997. Troodontidae. In: P.J. Currie and K. Padian (eds.), Encyclopedia of Dinosaurs, 749–754. Academic Press, San Diego.
• Wang, D.Y., Chen, P.J., Chen, J.H. , Cao, M.Z., Pan H.Z., Li, G., Zhu, S.G., Feng, Z.J., Wu, S.Q., Pang, F.J., and Li, G.W. 2006. Discovery of invertebrate fossils from the dinosaurian egg−bearing strata in the Xixia Basin of Henan, China [in Chinese with English abstract]. Acta Palaeontologica Sinica 45: 494–497.
• Xu, X. and Norell, M.A. 2004. A new troodontid dinosaur from China with avian−like sleeping posture. Nature 43: 838–841. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02898
• Xu, X. and Norell, M. 2006. Non−avian dinosaur fossils from the Lower Cretaceous Jehol Group of western Liaoning, China. Geological Journal 41: 419–437. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gj.1044
• Xu, X. and Wang, X.L. 2004. A new troodontid (Theropoda: Troodontidae) from the Lower Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Western Liaoning, China. Acta Geologica Sinica 78: 22–26.
• Xu, X., Norell, M.A., Wang, X.L., Makovicky, P.J., and Wu, X.C. 2002. A basal troodontid from the Early Cretaceous of China. Nature 415: 780–784.
• Xu, X., Zhao, Q., Norell, M., Sullivan, C., Hone, D., Erickson, G., Wang, X., Han, F., and Guo, Y. 2009. A new feathered maniraptoran dinosaur fossil that fills a morphological gap in avian origin. Chinese Science Bulletin 54: 430–435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11434-009-0009-6
• Zhou, S.Q., Han, S.J., and Zhang, Y.C. 1983. Late Cretaceous Strata of Xixia Basin, Henan Province. Journal of Stratigraphy 7: 64–70.