Sulphur input to the Niepolomice Forest: changes during 30 years [Southern Poland]

• Autorzy: Szarek-Lukaszewska G
• Języki publikacji: EN

Abstrakty

EN

The Niepołomice Forest, a large forest complex typical of Central European lowlands, is located near an urban-industrial agglomeration in southern Poland. During the past 20 years, SO₂ emissions from industry decreased from 75,000 t yr⁻¹ to 6000 t yr⁻¹. Concentration of SO₂ in the air, and pH, SO₄⁻² concentration in bulk precipitation were measured during the last 11 years and compared with data from the 1970s. The spatial distribution of concentrations and deposition of S were calculated on the basis of 30 bulk precipitation samples in 1999-2000. Mean annual concentration of SO₂ in the air was 8.25 μg m⁻³ in 2000, that is 2.5 times lower than during the period 1967-1978. At the beginning of the 1990s the concentration of SO₂ exceeded the critical level for plants during 3% of the days over the year, and at the end of the 1990s only on single days. In 1999 and 2000 the yearly mean concentration of S-SO₄⁻² in bulk precipitation in the Niepołomice Forest was 1.11 mg l⁻¹, ranging between 0.99 and 1.27 mg l⁻¹ in the forest complex. The yearly mean sulphur deposition (S-SO₄⁻²) was 8.1 kg ha⁻¹, varying from 7.3 to 8.9 kg ha⁻¹. The present concentrations and deposition of S-SO₄ were a quarter those of 1974-1978. The spatial distribution of S deposition pointed to the influx of S compounds to the Niepołomice Forest with air masses from the west. The yearly mean pH of atmospheric precipitation was 4.64 (1999-2000), and was steady within the forest complex. In the Niepołomice Forest, atmospheric precipitation was more acid recently than in the 1970s.

Słowa kluczowe

EN

sulphur compound; forest ecosystem; sulphur; Poland; plant nutrient; ecosystem; Niepolomice Forest

• Wydawca: -
• Czasopismo: Polish Journal of Environmental Studies
• Rocznik: 2003
• Tom: 12
• Numer: 2
• Opis fizyczny: p.239-244,fig.,ref.

Twórcy

autor

Szarek-Lukaszewska G

• Polish Academy of Sciences, Lubicz 46, Krakow, Poland

Bibliografia

• 1. BERKVIST B., FOLKESON L. Soil acidification and element fluxes of a Fagus sylvatica forest as influenced by simulated nitrogen deposition. Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 65, 111, 1992.
• 2. DE VRIES W., REINDS G.J., KLAP J.M., VAN LEEUWEN E.P., ERISMAN J.W. Effects of environmental stress on forest crown condition in Europe. Part III: Estimation of critical deposition and concentration levels and their exceedance. Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 119, 363, 2000.
• 3. GRODZIŃSKI W., WEINER J., MAYCOCK P.F. (eds.). Forest ecosystems in industrial regions. Studies on the cycling of energy, nutrients and pollutants in the Niepołomice Forest, Southern Poland; Ecological Studies 49, pp.1-277, 1984.
• 4. GUS. Rocznik Statystyczny1978-1998; pp.1-500, Warszawa. 1977-1999.
• 5. HOVMAND M.F. Cumulated deposition of strong acid and sulphur compounds to a spruce forest. Forest Ecol.Management 114, 19, 1999.
• 6. JOHNSON D.W., LINDBERG S.E. (eds.). Atmospheric deposition and forest nutrient cycling; Ecological Studies 91, pp.1-688, 1992.
• 7. KASINA S. Rozkład stężeń dwutlenku siarki i opadu pyłu w rejonie zakładu przemysłowego Krakowa. Ochrona Powietrza 2, 2, 1970.
• 8. KASINA S., RAPACZ J., FRANKOWICZ E. Opad siarki do podłoża Puszczy Niepołomickiej. Człowiek i Środowisko 9, 235, 1985.
• 9. KICIŃSKA B. Wpływ cyrkulacji atmosferycznej na stężenie dwutlenku siarki w powietrzu w Polsce. Prace I Studia Geograficzne 28, 223, 2001.
• 10. LIN N-H., LEE H.-M., CHANG M-B. Evaluation of the characteristics of acid precipitation in Taipei, Taiwan using cluster analysis. Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 113, 241, 1999.
• 11. LOGREN S., KVARNAS H. Ion mass balance for tree small forested catchment in Sweden. Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 85, 529, 1995.
• 12. MANDERSCHEID B., MATZNER E., MEIWES K-J., XU Y. Long - term development of element budgets in Norwey spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forest of the Germany Solling area. Water, Air, Soil Pollut. 79, 3, 1995.
• 13. MOLDAN E., CERNY J. (eds.) Biogeochemistry of small catchments. A tool for environmental reasearch; John Wiley & Sons: Chichester, New York, Brisbone, Toronto, Singapoore, pp.1-419, 1994.
• 14. MILL M.J., WÓJCIK A., RZYCHOŃ D. Mapy krytycznych ładunków kwaśnych dla ekosystemów glebowo-leśnych Polski; PIOŚ: Warszawa, pp.1-29, 1994.
• 15. SCHLESINGER W.H. Biogeochemistry. An analysis of global change; Academic Press INC Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers: San Diego, New York, Boston, London, Toronto, pp.1-443, 1991.
• 16. SZAREK-ŁUKASZEWSKA G. Input of chemical elements to the forest ecocystem on the Carpathian Foothills (S Poland). Pol. J Ecol. 47, 191, 1999.
• 17. TURZAŃSKI P.K, WERTZ J. (eds.). Raport o stanie środowiska w województwie Małopolskim w 1999 roku; WIOŚ: Warszawa, pp.1-283, 2000.